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Ochakiv
Ochakiv (Ukrainian: Очаків, pronounced [oˈtʃɑkiu̯]), also known as Ochakov and Alektor (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέκτωρ), is a small city in Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast (region) of southern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Ochakiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is 13,663 (2022 estimate). Of the 14,000 people who lived in Ochakiv before the war, only half remained.
For many years the city fortress served as a capital of the Ottoman province (eyalet) of Özu (Silistria).
The city is located at the mouth of Dnieper, on the banks of the Dnieper-Bug Estuary. Between the Cape of Ochakiv (northern bank) and the Kinburn Spit (southern bank) there are only 3.6 km (2.2 miles). The Ochakiv and Kinburn fortresses controlled the entrance to Dnieper and Bug.
The strip of land on which Ochakov is located was inhabited by Thracians and Scythians in ancient times. It was known as a part of Great Scythia. In the 7th and 6th centuries BC, Greek colonists had founded a commercial colony town, named Alektor, near the Thracian coast. Archaeological excavations also show that near the area was the old Milesian (ancient Greek) colony of Pontic Olbia; it is supposed that the same Greek expeditions settled Alektor.[clarification needed]
In the 1st century BC, Alektor became a Roman colony and part of the Roman Empire. The area was part of the space in which the Romanians' ethnogenesis took place,[citation needed] and was also more generally a place of passage for many migratory people and tribes. As a result of the migrations, the city fell and the inhabitants lived in small settlements built on the shores of the Bug and Dnieper Rivers.
During the Middle Ages the place was named Vozia by Romanians. The name is supposed to come from a plant known in Romanian as bozii or bozia (Sambucus ebulus), a medicinal herb frequently found there. The territory was a part of the Brodnici rule. It fell under Tatar domination in the time of the Mongol invasion of Europe.
Alexandru cel Bun (Alexander I, the Good), ruler of Moldavia (r. 1400–1432), and his ally Vytautas, Grand Duke of Lithuania (r. 1392–1430), freed the Vozia territory and a fortress was built again close to Alektor's ruins. Later the stronghold will be mentioned in Russian chronics as Dashev.
In the 14th century the Senarega brothers, Genovese merchants and warriors, had settled a castle at the place called "Lerici" very close to Vozia city. It was a good point for commerce with Romanians and Tatars, but the Senarega family's interference in Moldavia's internal affairs made the Moldavians from Cetatea Albă (today's Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi) take the castle from them in 1455.
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Ochakiv
Ochakiv (Ukrainian: Очаків, pronounced [oˈtʃɑkiu̯]), also known as Ochakov and Alektor (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέκτωρ), is a small city in Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast (region) of southern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Ochakiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is 13,663 (2022 estimate). Of the 14,000 people who lived in Ochakiv before the war, only half remained.
For many years the city fortress served as a capital of the Ottoman province (eyalet) of Özu (Silistria).
The city is located at the mouth of Dnieper, on the banks of the Dnieper-Bug Estuary. Between the Cape of Ochakiv (northern bank) and the Kinburn Spit (southern bank) there are only 3.6 km (2.2 miles). The Ochakiv and Kinburn fortresses controlled the entrance to Dnieper and Bug.
The strip of land on which Ochakov is located was inhabited by Thracians and Scythians in ancient times. It was known as a part of Great Scythia. In the 7th and 6th centuries BC, Greek colonists had founded a commercial colony town, named Alektor, near the Thracian coast. Archaeological excavations also show that near the area was the old Milesian (ancient Greek) colony of Pontic Olbia; it is supposed that the same Greek expeditions settled Alektor.[clarification needed]
In the 1st century BC, Alektor became a Roman colony and part of the Roman Empire. The area was part of the space in which the Romanians' ethnogenesis took place,[citation needed] and was also more generally a place of passage for many migratory people and tribes. As a result of the migrations, the city fell and the inhabitants lived in small settlements built on the shores of the Bug and Dnieper Rivers.
During the Middle Ages the place was named Vozia by Romanians. The name is supposed to come from a plant known in Romanian as bozii or bozia (Sambucus ebulus), a medicinal herb frequently found there. The territory was a part of the Brodnici rule. It fell under Tatar domination in the time of the Mongol invasion of Europe.
Alexandru cel Bun (Alexander I, the Good), ruler of Moldavia (r. 1400–1432), and his ally Vytautas, Grand Duke of Lithuania (r. 1392–1430), freed the Vozia territory and a fortress was built again close to Alektor's ruins. Later the stronghold will be mentioned in Russian chronics as Dashev.
In the 14th century the Senarega brothers, Genovese merchants and warriors, had settled a castle at the place called "Lerici" very close to Vozia city. It was a good point for commerce with Romanians and Tatars, but the Senarega family's interference in Moldavia's internal affairs made the Moldavians from Cetatea Albă (today's Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi) take the castle from them in 1455.