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Boardshorts
Boardshorts
from Wikipedia
A young man wearing O'Neill boardshorts

Boardshorts are a type of swimwear and casual wear in the form of long (approximately knee length) loose-fitting shorts that are designed to be quick-drying and are generally made from strong and smooth polyester or nylon material. Originally known as surf trunks, later as Jams, and occasionally in British English as swim shorts, boardshorts are a style of male[1] and, more recently, female[2] summerwear.

The name "boardshorts" is based on their use in aquatic sports that use a board, such as surfing or paddleboarding. They may also be called boardies (coined by Body Glove in 1953) especially in Australia, or baggies particularly in South Africa.

Boardshorts have evolved over the last 50 years and separated themselves from the simpler swim trunks category from which they originated. In the beginning of their history, change happened organically – individual solutions were born out of the need to address environmental requirements and inadequacies in a garment that was increasingly used specifically for surfing. Although they are now considered a popular form of general beachwear, much of today's mass consumer acceptance is based on competing brands marketing themselves as being authentic due to their historical roots within the surfing lifestyle and their product's technical authority.[3]

Boardshorts are especially popular in North America and spread beyond surfing especially as the skater punk fashion trend got underway. They are also typically worn in men's beach volleyball. They are less popular in other parts of the world, where other suit styles are preferred.

Use and design

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Boardshorts are designed to be quick-drying, and are generally made from strong and smooth polyester or nylon material. They are durable and hold up to wear from contact with a surfboard, yet are comfortable and light-weight. They are well-adapted to use in various active watersports.

Boardshorts do not have an elastic waist like many swim shorts do; instead they have a more rigid waistband which opens at the front, often with a velcro fly. The waistband is also held together at the front with a lace-up tie or in some cases double snaps. This double fail-safe system is in order to ensure that the shorts cannot be pulled off the body by the force of the wave when a surfer is tumbled underwater during a wipeout. Another common feature of authentic surfing boardshort design is a very small pocket sealed with velcro and vented with a grommet. This is designed to be a secure place to carry a car key, house key, or hotel key card while in the water. Boardshorts traditionally have no lining, unlike traditional swim shorts.

Boardshorts are normally longer than many shorts or form-fitting briefs styles of swimwear, and often (other than the waist) they have a loose or baggy appearance. The major reason for the extra length is to protect the wearer's legs from wax on the board. Surfboards are covered with a layer of sticky wax, which allows the surfer to stand on the board without slipping off. However, this wax can rip hair off the leg of a surfer when sitting on the board waiting for waves. Long boardshorts cover the back of the leg when sitting on the board, preventing the wax from ripping off the leg hair. The length of boardshorts is also affected by fashion trends; the length can range from mid-thigh (old school) to below the knee, covering the entire knee. In the 2000s, boardshorts were often worn low in the back, exposing the top of the buttocks. Many designs of boardshorts use vibrant color, striking patterns including Hawaiian floral images, and highlighted stitching; however not all boardshorts have these features.

Although the basic design for boardshorts remains largely the same, some manufacturers have taken advantage of new technology. Because surfers and other water-sports enthusiasts commonly wear boardshorts without underwear, one of the major complaints has been about the use of velcro for the fly closure which tends to entangle pubic hair. A solution that some manufactures have come up with is to use a neoprene fly, which does not allow the fly to completely open, but provides enough stretch so that the shorts can be easily pulled on and off. Pubic hair does not get caught on the neoprene fly. To remedy another common complaint, about boardshorts stitching in the inseam area which would rub directly against the wearer's skin, many manufacturers switched to a seamless design, or use welding or glue, rather than stitches. For boardshorts without a liner, many males choose to wear some type of tight swimwear underneath. Some male wearers prefer to wear regular underwear such as compression shorts, boxer shorts, a jockstrap, boxer briefs, or briefs under them, while others wear nothing underneath at all. Some female surfers wear a one-piece swimsuit or bikini bottom under boardshorts.

Some style of mixed martial arts shorts were developed from boardshorts. Men's physique class in the National Physique Committee also uses boardshorts for onstage competition.

Almost all swimsuit manufacturers and many designer brands now produce boardshorts. There are also boardshort-specific retailers, which offer an assortment of boardshorts to the surfing and wakeboarding public.

See also

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
Boardshorts are a style of swimwear and casual shorts originally designed for and other water sports, featuring a loose-fitting, knee-length cut that typically extends 17 to 21 inches from the band, with a fixed secured by a drawcord rather than elastic for secure fit during active movement. They are distinguished from shorter swim trunks by their longer outseam, water-repellent fabrics, and performance-oriented features like sealed pockets and four-way stretch, making them suitable for both ocean activities and everyday beachwear. The origins of boardshorts trace back to the mid-20th century in , where surfers in began modifying woolen swimwear by removing the tops of neck-to-knee suits to create more functional leg coverings, evolving into the first true boardshorts by the . Tailors like Moru Nii in Oahu crafted durable versions from sturdy fabrics, such as the checkered Palaka originally used by plantation workers, to withstand the rigors of wave riding while providing comfort and modesty. By the 1960s, brands like popularized trunks with branded logos, sponsoring early team riders and expanding the style from to and beyond, transforming boardshorts into a symbol of . Modern boardshorts have advanced significantly since their inception, incorporating synthetic materials like recycled , , and spandex blends for quick-drying, water-repellent properties and enhanced stretch, often with eco-conscious coatings to reduce environmental impact. Key developments in the 1970s and 1980s included shorter hemlines, printed designs like patterns, and performance innovations from such as Quiksilver, which introduced closures and scalloped legs for better mobility. Today, boardshorts blend functionality with , available in sustainable options like those made from recycled plastics, and are worn globally by surfers, swimmers, and casual enthusiasts alike.

History

Origins in Surfing Culture

In the 1930s, Hawaiian surfers began adapting traditional woolen neck-to-knee swimwear by removing the tops, creating shorter, more functional leg coverings that provided and basic protection while paddling and riding waves. This marked the early precursors to boardshorts, evolving from rigid, full-body suits to more practical bottoms suited to the demands of . Boardshorts originated as knee-length, loose-fitting men's swimwear specifically designed for , providing protection for the legs against the friction and sticky wax applied to surfboards for traction, while offering enhanced durability compared to shorter, tighter traditional swim trunks. The longer cut, typically extending to just above or at the , prevented skin irritation and hair pulling from board contact during paddling and wave riding. This design also promoted through its voluminous fit and ensured freedom of movement essential for dynamic actions like duck diving under waves and executing turns. The development of boardshorts was closely tied to the resurgence and popularization of modern in the mid-20th century, particularly during the and 1960s in and , where the sport transitioned from a niche Hawaiian pastime to a mainstream youth phenomenon. In , ancient surfing traditions had waned under missionary influence, but figures like , the "father of modern surfing," played a pivotal role in reviving and globalizing the sport through demonstrations and advocacy starting in the early 1900s, with his influence persisting into the postwar era to inspire a new generation of surfers. The lighter, more accessible surfboards of the , combined with California's burgeoning beach lifestyle, fueled explosive growth, creating demand for apparel that could withstand prolonged sessions in the water rather than brief swims. A key milestone in boardshorts' evolution came in the 1950s on Oahu, Hawaii, where tailor Moru Nii crafted early prototypes using sturdy twill cotton fabrics, such as palaka cotton derived from plantation worker attire, to meet the needs of big-wave surfers at spots like Makaha. These simple, belt-equipped trunks marked a shift from heavier wool or basic cotton swimwear toward more functional versions that began incorporating quick-drying properties for repeated use. The style gained broader visibility through 1950s beach movies like Gidget (1959), which romanticized surf culture and introduced boardshorts to a national audience, blending athletic necessity with emerging casual fashion.

Evolution and Modern Developments

In the 1960s and 1970s, boardshorts transitioned from basic trunks to more durable synthetic options, marking a significant shift toward performance-oriented surf apparel. O'Neill, founded in 1952, introduced and fabrics in its boardshorts during this period, enhancing quick-drying properties and resistance to wear from prolonged water exposure. Similarly, Birdwell launched its iconic SurfNyl boardshorts in 1961, featuring a two-ply with triple-stitched seams for superior abrasion resistance and longevity, using high-strength that became a staple for surfers. The and ushered in the baggy era, characterized by longer silhouettes extending below the knee to better protect legs from wax and provide greater mobility during rides. This style was influenced by the rise of surf videos showcasing freeride aesthetics, as well as crossover appeal from punk and skater subcultures, with brands like Quiksilver popularizing bold prints and relaxed fits. By the 2000s, refinements focused on balancing performance and comfort, with outseams shortening to 17-21 inches for improved hydrodynamics while retaining coverage. Innovations included the addition of drainage grommets to facilitate water expulsion and flies or panels for secure, stretch-enhanced closures, as seen in O'Neill's Superfreak Series, which integrated for better movement. From the 2010s to 2025, boardshorts evolved into hybrid designs suitable for multiple activities, blending water-resistant features with streetwear versatility, such as O'Neill's Hybrid shorts that perform equally on land and in water. Seamless construction emerged to reduce chafing, while integrations with sports like MMA and physique competitions adapted shorter, fitted variants for . maintained its pioneering role in surf apparel throughout these decades, contributing to durable designs rooted in its origins. In 2025, trends circled back to 1990s-inspired baggy styles with 21-24 inch outseams, alongside eco-innovations like Outerknown's APEX Evolution trunks, updated with 90% recycled nylon from fishing nets for enhanced .

Design and Features

Construction and Fit

Boardshorts feature a core construction designed for and secure in dynamic environments. The is commonly rigid and fixed with a , though some models include elastic for adjustability; this enhances longevity and prevents excessive stretching under repeated use. This is paired with a front closure system that combines a lace-up tie for adjustable tension and a fly overlay to ensure a firm, non-slip hold during vigorous activity. Pocket designs prioritize functionality while minimizing drag. Most boardshorts include a single rear or side patch pocket secured by , often equipped with a drainage to expel water and avoid waterlogging. This setup allows users to safely store essentials like keys or without compromising mobility or adding excess weight. The overall fit emphasizes a loose, silhouette through the thighs and legs, promoting unrestricted movement for paddling, turning, and other actions. Length variations cater to different preferences and trends, with outseam measurements commonly ranging from 16 to 21 inches; shorter options around 17 inches hit mid-thigh for , while longer 20- to 21-inch styles extend just below the . Traditional boardshorts are unlined to facilitate rapid expulsion and minimize bulk, contributing to faster times and lighter weight in use. Contemporary hybrid variants incorporate a brief-style liner for added support and modesty, blending swim trunk elements without sacrificing core quick-dry benefits. Sizing follows waist measurements in inches, typically graded from 28 to 42 inches to accommodate a broad range of body types. Athletic cuts offer a more tailored, performance-focused profile for streamlined movement, whereas relaxed options maintain the classic baggy form for everyday comfort.

Materials and Fabrics

Boardshorts have transitioned from early materials like and , which were phased out due to their poor performance in water, to dominant synthetic fabrics such as 100% or that prioritize quick-drying capabilities by absorbing minimal water and providing UV protection with UPF 50+ ratings. These synthetics are often blended with for enhanced performance, including 4-way stretch that allows full flexibility during movement and abrasion resistance to withstand board contact, and anti-chlorine treatments that maintain fabric integrity in chlorinated pools. Modern innovations include recycled derived from sources like nets, such as Patagonia's NetPlus , which comprises 100% recycled content in boardshort models as of 2025, alongside other sustainable options. Similarly, Florence Marine X boardshorts employ 4-way stretch, quick-drying recycled polyester blends that are lightweight and non-clingy, maintaining a streamlined silhouette even when wet. Many incorporate PFAS-free durable water-repellent (DWR) coatings to reduce environmental impact while maintaining performance. Fabric weights vary by use, with lightweight options at 4-6 oz/yd² suited for everyday wear and similar constructions for professional , often enhanced by DWR coatings that enable quick drying. Dyeing techniques employ sublimation printing to embed vibrant, fade-resistant patterns directly into the fibers, ensuring long-lasting designs that resist sun and salt exposure without cracking or peeling.

Usage and Applications

In Water Sports

Boardshorts serve as essential gear in various water sports, primarily designed to enhance performance, provide , and ensure comfort during dynamic aquatic activities. In , they offer critical against board wax rash, which can cause irritation from prolonged contact with the surfboard's surface. The fabric's smooth interior and extended coverage minimize during paddling and maneuvers. Additionally, their , water-repellent construction supports enhanced paddling mobility by reducing drag and maintaining a secure fit that allows unrestricted arm movement, while the standard length—typically extending to the or just below for surfers—provides optimal coverage without hindering wave-riding . Beyond surfing, boardshorts adapt to other water sports with tailored features for specific demands. In beach volleyball, their loose fit promotes freedom of movement for explosive jumps and dives on sand, combining breathable fabrics with elastic waistbands to stay in place during rapid directional changes. For bodyboarding, shorter versions—often above the knee—are preferred to minimize drag, enabling quicker drops and sharper turns on waves while preserving core coverage. In , quick-dry properties facilitate seamless transitions from to poolside or beach, allowing athletes to move efficiently between laps and recovery without excess weight from soaked attire. Performance benefits of boardshorts in water sports include reduced chafing through smooth, four-way stretch fabrics that glide against the skin, preventing during extended sessions in choppy conditions. A secure fit, often achieved via drawcord systems and fixed waists, prevents slippage amid powerful waves or currents, ensuring reliability for high-stakes activities. Hybrid boardshorts suitable for often feature reinforced seams for durability in intense activities, blending quick-dry versatility with robust construction for multi-sport use. Originally developed as male-focused apparel, boardshorts have evolved with gender-specific adaptations, including women's versions featuring contoured waistbands that follow hip curves for a flattering, non-restrictive fit during active water play. options now support inclusive casual water activities, offering neutral sizing and stretch for diverse body types without compromising functionality. Safety features in boardshorts prioritize visibility and stability in open water environments. Neon yellow provides detectability up to 30 feet underwater, while bright colors like orange offer visibility up to around 15 feet in clear conditions, aiding rescuers in emergencies during or open-ocean . Non-slip waistbands, often with griplock technology, provide a firm hold against wave forces, reducing the risk of unintended exposure or loss of gear in turbulent conditions.

As Casual and Fashion Wear

Boardshorts have transitioned from their roots in to become a staple in casual apparel, particularly in warm climates such as and coastal regions of , where they are commonly paired with t-shirts, button-up shirts, or lightweight hoodies for everyday outings in beach towns. This adoption reflects their comfortable, breathable design, making them suitable for relaxed, non-aquatic activities like casual strolls or informal gatherings. In fashion contexts, boardshorts gained traction in the within skater and punk subcultures, often styled with hoodies or layered under oversized tops to blend surf aesthetics with urban . By the 2020s, they evolved into staples, with slimmer fits and tailored silhouettes appearing in urban settings, paired with blazers, flats, or oversized totes for a versatile, chic look. This shift highlights their adaptability beyond beachwear, influencing modern casual ensembles in 2025 trends. Mass-produced by brands like Quiksilver since the late , boardshorts are widely available through retail and online channels, with affordable options typically ranging from $20 to $50 and premium models exceeding $100. The growth of e-commerce in the has expanded accessibility, allowing consumers to purchase from official brand sites and major retailers with features like free shipping on orders over $50–$125. Efforts toward gender inclusivity have grown in the , with dedicated women's lines featuring shorter hemlines and varied lengths to suit diverse preferences, alongside emerging plus-size options in sizes up to 6X from brands like and Target. These developments promote broader , including elastic waistbands for comfort in extended sizing. For maintenance, boardshorts are generally machine-washable in cold water on a gentle cycle, but users should avoid dryers to preserve fabric elasticity and shape; air-drying in the shade is recommended after rinsing out salt or . Hand-washing with mild provides optimal care, extending the garment's lifespan.

Influence on Fashion

Boardshorts emerged as a key element in the export of surf culture to global youth fashion during the 1960s, propelled by California beach films such as the Gidget series and Beach Party movies, which popularized loose-fitting swim trunks as symbols of carefree beach life. These films depicted boardshorts—often called "baggies" for their voluminous cut—as essential attire for surfers, influencing casual wardrobes beyond coastal areas and inspiring a wave of surf-inspired apparel among teenagers worldwide. Icons like the Beach Boys further amplified this visibility through their music, with songs like "Surfin' U.S.A." referencing baggies as part of the quintessential surfer ensemble, embedding boardshorts into the broader pop culture narrative of adventure and rebellion. In the , boardshorts found ties to subcultures like and , where baggy styles were adopted for their relaxed, anti-establishment vibe, blending surf functionality with urban edge. This evolution carried into the 2000s, as the oversized silhouettes of boardshorts influenced hip-hop and aesthetics, evident in rap videos and urban outfits favoring voluminous shorts for a bold, expressive look. By the decade's end, these subcultural crossovers helped transition boardshorts from niche to versatile staples in youth fashion. The garment's mainstream crossover accelerated in the 1990s through high-fashion adaptations, with designers like launching surf-inspired lines featuring branded boardshorts that merged logos with beach motifs, appealing to a wider demographic. This trend resurfaced in the 2025 Y2K revival, where retro boardshort patterns—reminiscent of early 2000s surf brands—gained traction on runways and , emphasizing nostalgic, elongated cuts and vibrant prints. Regionally, boardshorts maintain dominance in the U.S. and , which together lead the global surf apparel market with holding about 36% of swimwear revenue and contributing significantly to boardshort innovation and sales. Adaptations vary, with European styles favoring shorter "Euro-cut" lengths for a sleeker profile, while Asian markets emphasize tropical prints suited to regional climates and . Media has played a pivotal role in linking boardshorts to an adventure lifestyle, as seen in the 1991 film , where characters donned colorful boardshorts during high-stakes surf sequences, romanticizing the garment as emblematic of thrill-seeking freedom. Advertisements from brands like Quiksilver reinforced this imagery, portraying boardshorts in dynamic, wave-riding scenarios that extended their appeal from beaches to aspirational everyday wear. In recent years, the boardshorts industry has increasingly adopted eco-friendly materials to address environmental concerns associated with synthetic fabrics. A significant shift has occurred toward recycled plastics, with many 2025 models featuring high percentages of ; for instance, brands like Outerknown utilize 90% NetPlus material derived from recycled fishing nets in their Apex Evolution trunks. Organic alternatives, such as hemp-polyester blends from Afends and husk-infused recycled polyester from Vissla, are also gaining traction for their and lower environmental footprint. Additionally, manufacturing processes have seen reductions in water usage, with apparel industry initiatives like Levi Strauss & Co.'s Water<Less program achieving up to 96% less water in the garment finishing process. Leading brands are driving sustainability through dedicated lines and certifications. O'Neill incorporates Repreve recycled fibers into select boardshorts to minimize from virgin plastics. Similarly, Florence Marine X employs Bluesign-certified, 4-way stretch, quick-drying recycled polyester blends that are lightweight and non-clingy, maintaining a streamlined silhouette even when wet, along with low-impact dyes to ensure reduced chemical runoff and safer production. has committed to using 100% recycled PET in all its boardshorts, emphasizing sustainable sourcing across its collections. Contemporary trends in 2025 reflect a blend of aesthetics and functionality, with color palettes favoring earth tones for minimalist designs, pastels for subtle versatility, and bold retro patterns for vibrant appeal. Y2K-inspired baggy fits, often extending above the knee, have resurfaced as a nostalgic yet comfortable option, seen in collections from Quiksilver and . Innovations include seamless construction via welded or laser-cut seams to enhance mobility and reduce irritation, alongside technologies in liners for improved hygiene during extended wear. Despite progress, challenges persist, particularly microplastic shedding from synthetic boardshorts during use and washing, which contributes to ocean pollution as highlighted in research on swimwear fibers. The industry is responding with pledges, such as ' (owner of ) goal to divert 90% of operational waste from landfills by 2030, aiming toward broader zero-waste standards. Consumer preferences have shifted markedly toward ethical options, with the sustainable swimwear market valued at $7.8 billion in 2022 and projected to reach $16.2 billion by 2032, growing at a 7.7% CAGR. This demand has spurred transparent supply chains, with brands like using digital tools to trace materials from source to sale.

References

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