Spring green
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 | This article's factual accuracy is disputed. (November 2020) |
| Spring green | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00FF80 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 255, 128) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (150°, 100%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (88, 109, 137°) |
| Source | RGB and CMYK color systems. The colour halfway between green and cyan on the RGB color wheel has a hex code of 00FF80. |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) | |
Spring green is a color that was traditionally considered to be on the yellow side of green, but in modern computer systems based on the RGB color model is halfway between cyan and green on the color wheel.
The modern spring green, when plotted on the CIE chromaticity diagram, corresponds to a visual stimulus of about 505 nanometers on the visible spectrum. In HSV color space, the expression of which is known as the RGB color wheel, spring green has a hue of 150°. Spring green is one of the tertiary colors on the RGB color wheel, where it is the complementary color of rose.
The first recorded use of spring green as a color name in English was in 1766, referring to roughly the color now called spring bud.[1]
Spring green (computer)
[edit]Spring green (HTML)
[edit]| Spring green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00FF7F |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 255, 127) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (150°, 100%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (88, 110, 137°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid bluish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Spring green is a web color, common to X11 and HTML.
Medium spring green
[edit]| Medium spring green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00FA9A |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 250, 154) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (157°, 100%, 98%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (87, 95, 143°) |
| Source | X11[2] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the color medium spring green.
Medium spring green is a web color. It is close to but not right on the color wheel and it is a little closer to cyan than to green.
Dark spring green
[edit]| Dark spring green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #177245 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (23, 114, 69) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (150°, 80%, 45%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (42, 43, 142°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Deep yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
At right is displayed the web color dark spring green.
Additional variations of web spring green
[edit]Mint cream
[edit]| Mint cream | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #F5FFFA |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (245, 255, 250) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (150°, 4%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (99, 6, 153°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very pale green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the web color mint cream, a pale pastel tint of spring green.
The color mint cream is a representation of the color of the interior of an after dinner mint (which is disc shaped with mint flavored buttercream on the inside and a chocolate coating on the outside).
Sea green
[edit]| Sea green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #2E8B57 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (46, 139, 87) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (146°, 67%, 55%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (52, 50, 141°) |
| Source | HTML/CSS |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
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Sea green is a shade of cyan color that resembles the hue of shallow seawater as seen from the surface.
Sea green is notable for being the emblematic color of the Levellers party in the politics of 1640s England. Leveller supporters would wear a sea-green ribbon, in a similar manner to the present-day red AIDS awareness ribbon.
Medium sea green
[edit]| Medium sea green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #3CB371 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (60, 179, 113) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (147°, 66%, 70%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (65, 64, 141°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
At right is displayed the web color medium sea green, a medium shade of spring green.
Aquamarine
[edit]| Aquamarine | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #7FFFD4 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (127, 255, 212) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (160°, 50%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (92, 60, 158°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Aquamarine is a color that is a pale bright tint of spring green toned toward cyan. It represents the color of the aquamarine gemstone. Aquamarine is the birthstone for those born on January 21 to February 20 in tropical zodiac, and February 14 to March 15 in sidereal zodiac.
Spring green (traditional)
[edit]Spring bud
[edit]
| Spring Bud | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #A7FC00 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (167, 252, 0) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (80°, 100%, 99%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (91, 114, 112°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[3] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellow green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Spring bud is the color that used to be called spring green before the X11 web color spring green was formulated in 1987 when the X11 colors were first promulgated. This color is now called spring bud to avoid confusion with the web color.[citation needed]
The color is also called soft spring green, spring green (traditional), or spring green (M&P).
The first recorded use of spring green as a color name in English (meaning the color that is now called spring bud) was in 1766.[4]
Additional variations of traditional spring green
[edit]Emerald
[edit]| Emerald | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #50C878 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (80, 200, 120) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (140°, 60%, 78%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (72, 71, 137°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[5] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
green
|
emerald
|
viridian
|
Emerald, also called emerald green, is a tone of green that is particularly light and bright, with a faint bluish cast. The name derives from the typical appearance of the emerald gemstone.[6]
The first recorded use of emerald as a color name in English was in 1598.[7] Ireland is sometimes referred to as the Emerald Isle due to its lush greenery. The May birthstone is emerald. Seattle is sometimes referred to as the Emerald City, because its abundant rainfall creates lush vegetation. In the Middle Ages, The Emerald Tablet of Hermes Trismegistus was believed to contain the secrets of alchemy. "Emerald City", from the story of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is a city where everything from food to people are emerald green. However, it is revealed at the end of the story that everything in the city is normal colored, but the glasses everyone wears are emerald tinted. The Green Zone in Baghdad is sometimes ironically and cynically referred to as the Emerald City.[8] The Emerald Buddha is a figurine of the sitting Buddha, made of green jade (rather than emerald), clothed in gold, and about 45 cm tall. It is kept in the Chapel of the Emerald Buddha (Wat Phra Kaew) on the grounds of the Grand Palace in Bangkok. The Emerald Triangle refers to the three counties of Mendocino, Humboldt, and Trinity in Northern California, United States[9] because these three counties are the biggest marijuana producing counties in California and also the US.[9] A county-commissioned study reports pot accounts for up to two-thirds of the economy of Mendocino.[9] Emerald Cities: Urban Sustainability and Economic Development is a book published in 2010 by Joan Fitzgerald, director of the law, policy and society program at Northeastern University, about ecologically sustainable city planning.
Emerald was invented in Germany in 1814. By taking acetic acid, mixing and boiling it with vinegar, and then by adding some arsenic, a bright blue-green hue was formed.[10] During the 19th century, the arsenic-containing dye Paris green was marketed as emerald green.[11] It was notorious for causing deaths due to it being a popular color used for wallpaper. Victorian women used this bright color for dresses, and florists used it on fake flowers.[12]
Viridian
[edit]| Viridian | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #40826D |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (64, 130, 109) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (161°, 51%, 51%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (50, 31, 160°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[13] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
green
|
viridian
|
teal
|
At right is displayed the color viridian, a medium tone of spring green.
The first recorded use of viridian as a color name in English was in the 1860s (exact year uncertain).[14]
Other variations of spring green
[edit]Green (CMYK) (pigment green)
[edit]| Green (CMYK) (pigment green) | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00A550 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 165, 80) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (149°, 100%, 65%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (59, 74, 137°) |
| Source | CMYK[15] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The color defined as green in the CMYK color system used in printing, also known as pigment green, is the tone of green that is achieved by mixing process (printer's) cyan and process (printer's) yellow in equal proportions. It is displayed at adjacent.
The purpose of the CMYK color system is to provide the maximum possible gamut of color reproducible in printing.
The color indicated is only approximate as the colors of printing inks may vary.
Green (NCS) (psychological primary green)
[edit]| Green (NCS) | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #009F6B |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 159, 107) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (160°, 100%, 62%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (58, 58, 148°) |
| Source | sRGB approximation to NCS 2060-G[16] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The color defined as green in the NCS or Natural Color System is shown at adjacent (NCS 2060-G). The natural color system is a color system based on the four unique hues or psychological primary colors red, yellow, green, and blue. The NCS is based on the opponent process theory of vision.
The Natural Color System is widely used in Scandinavia.
Green (Munsell)
[edit]| Green (Munsell) | |
|---|---|
 The hues of the Munsell color system, at varying values, and maximum chroma to stay in the sRGB gamut | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00FFB5 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 255, 181) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (163°, 100%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (89, 87, 151°) |
| Source | https://pteromys.melonisland.net/munsell/ |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions: hue, value (lightness), and chroma (colorfulness), spaced uniformly (in terms of human perception) in three dimensions in the Munsell color solid. In order for all the colors to be spaced uniformly, it was found necessary to use a color wheel with five, non-arbitrary, equally spaced primary colors: red, yellow, green, blue, and purple.
The color of the sample is the most chromatic (colorful) green in the sRGB gamut that falls in the hue of 5G (primary green) in the Munsell color space.
Green (Pantone)
[edit]| Green (Pantone) | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00AD83 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 173, 131) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (165°, 100%, 68%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (63, 58, 157°) |
| Source | Pantone TPX[17] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Green (Pantone) is the color that is called green in Pantone.
The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color # green C, EC, HC, PC, U, or UP—green.[17]
Green (Crayola)
[edit]| Green (Crayola) | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #1CAC78 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (28, 172, 120) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (158°, 84%, 67%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (63, 60, 149°) |
| Source | Crayola[citation needed] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Green (Crayola) is the color called green in Crayola crayons.
Green was one of the original Crayola crayons introduced in 1903.
Erin
[edit]| Erin | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00FF40 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 255, 64) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (135°, 100%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (88, 129, 130°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[18] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Adjacent is displayed the color erin. The first recorded use of erin as a color name was in 1922.
Bright mint
[edit]| Bright mint | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #4FFFB0 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (79, 255, 176) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (153°, 69%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (90, 84, 146°) |
| Source | [Unsourced] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed adjacent is the color bright mint.
Dark green
[edit]| Dark green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #013220 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (1, 50, 32) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (158°, 98%, 20%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (17, 17, 150°) |
| Source | Encycolorpedia[19] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very dark yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Dark green is a dark shade of green. A different shade of green has been designated as "dark green (X11)" for certain computer uses.
Dark pastel green
[edit]| Dark pastel green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #03C03C |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (3, 192, 60) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (138°, 98%, 75%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (68, 96, 131°) |
| Source | Encycolorpedia[20] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Adjacent is the color dark pastel green.
Screamin' green
[edit]| Screamin' green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #76FF7A |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (118, 255, 122) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (122°, 54%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (90, 100, 128°) |
| Source | Crayola[citation needed] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The color screamin' green is shown adjacent.
This color was renamed from ultra green by Crayola in 1990.
This color is a fluorescent color.
Caribbean green
[edit]| Caribbean green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00CC99 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 204, 153) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (165°, 100%, 80%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (73, 68, 155°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Adjacent is displayed the color Caribbean green. This is a Crayola color formulated in 1997.
Magic mint
[edit]| Magic mint | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #AAF0D1 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (170, 240, 209) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (153°, 29%, 94%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (90, 38, 154°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very light green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Adjacent is displayed the color magic mint, a light tint of spring green.
The color magic mint is a light tint of the color mint.
Ceramic tiles in a similar color, often with a contrasting black border, were a popular choice for bathroom,[21] kitchen and upmarket hotel swimming pool décor during the 1930s.[citation needed]
This is a Crayola color formulated in 1990 (later retired in 2003).
Mint
[edit]| Mint | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #3EB489 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (62, 180, 137) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (158°, 66%, 71%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (66, 54, 153°) |
| Source | ISCC-NBS[22] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The color mint, also known as mint leaf, is a representation of the color of mint.
The first recorded use of mint as a color name in English was in 1920.[23]
Mountain meadow
[edit]| Mountain meadow | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #30BA8F |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (48, 186, 143) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (161°, 74%, 73%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (68, 57, 156°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed adjacent is the color mountain meadow.
Mountain meadow is a Crayola crayon color formulated in 1998.
Persian green
[edit]| Persian green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00A693 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 166, 147) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (173°, 100%, 65%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (61, 50, 174°) |
| Source | ISCC-NBS[24] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant bluish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Persian green is a color used in pottery and Persian carpets in Iran.
.JPG)
Other colors associated with Persia include Persian red and Persian blue. The color Persian green is named from the green color of some Persian pottery and is a representation of the color of the mineral malachite. It is a popular color in Iran because the color green symbolizes gardens, nature, heaven, and sanctity. The first recorded use of Persian green as a color name in English was in 1892.[25][26]
Sea foam green
[edit]| Sea foam green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #9FE2BF |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (159, 226, 191) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (149°, 30%, 89%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (85, 39, 148°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very light green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
This is the Crayola version of the above color, a much brighter and lighter shade. It was introduced in 2001.
Shamrock green (Irish green)
[edit]| Shamrock green | |
|---|---|
| Common connotations | |
| St. Patrick's Day | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #009E60 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 158, 96) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (156°, 100%, 62%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (57, 62, 143°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[27] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Shamrock green is a tone of green that represents the color of shamrocks, a symbol of Ireland.[28]
The first recorded use of shamrock as a color name in English was in the 1820s (exact year uncertain).[29]
This green is also defined as Irish green Pantone 347.[30]
This green is used as the green on the national flag of Ireland.[31]
It is customary in Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States to wear this or any other tone of green on St. Patrick's Day, 17 March.
The State of California uses this shade of green of the grass under the bear on their state flag.[32]
The Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association use this shade for their uniforms, logos, and other memorabilia.
Sap green
[edit]| Sap green | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #123524 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (18, 53, 36) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (151°, 66%, 21%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (19, 15, 146°) |
| Source | The Mother of All HTML Colo(u)r Charts[33] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very dark yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Sap green is a green pigment that was traditionally made of ripe buckthorn berries.[34] However, modern colors marketed under this name are usually a blend of other pigments, commonly with a basis of Phthalocyanine Green G.[35] Sap green paint was frequently used on Bob Ross's TV show, The Joy of Painting.[36]
Jade
[edit]| Jade | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00A86B |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 168, 107) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (158°, 100%, 66%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (61, 64, 145°) |
| Source | [Unsourced] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Jade, also called jade green, is a representation of the color of the gemstone called jade, although the stone itself varies widely in hue.
The color name jade green was first used in Spanish in the form piedra de ijada in 1569.[37] The first recorded use of jade green as a color name in English was in 1892.[38]
Malachite
[edit]| Malachite | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #0BDA51 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (11, 218, 81) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (140°, 95%, 85%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (77, 104, 132°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[39] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Malachite, also called malachite green, is a color that is a representation of the color of the mineral malachite.
The first recorded use of malachite green as a color name in English was in the 1200s (exact year uncertain).[40]
Brunswick green
[edit]| Brunswick green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #1B4D3E |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (27, 77, 62) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (162°, 65%, 30%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (29, 21, 160°) |
| Source | [Unsourced] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Dark green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Brunswick green is a common name for green pigments made from copper compounds, although the name has also been used for other formulations that produce a similar hue, such as mixtures of chrome yellow and Prussian blue. The pigment is named after Braunschweig, Germany (also known as Brunswick in English) where it was first manufactured. It is a deep, dark green, which may vary from intense to very dark, almost black.[41]
The first recorded use of Brunswick green as a color name in English was in 1764.[42] Another name for this color is English green. The first use of English green as a synonym for Brunswick green was in 1923.[43]
Deep Brunswick green is commonly recognized as part of the British racing green spectrum, the national auto racing color of the United Kingdom.
A different color, also called Brunswick green, was the color for passenger locomotives of the grouping and then the nationalized British Railways. There were three shades of these colors and they are defined under British Standard BS381C – 225, BS381C – 226, and BS381C – 227 (ordered from lightest to darkest). The Brunswick green used by the Nationalised British Railways – Western Region for passenger locomotives was BS381C – 227 (rgb(30:62:46)). RAL6005 is a close substitute to BS381C – 227. A characteristic of these colors was the ease for various railway locations to mix them by using whole pots of primary colors – hence the ability to get reasonably consistent colors with manual mixing half a century and more ago.
The color used by the Pennsylvania Railroad for locomotives was often called Brunswick green, but officially was termed dark green locomotive enamel (DGLE). This was a shade of green so dark as to be almost black, but which turned greener with age and weathering as the copper compounds further oxidized.[44]
Castleton green
[edit]| Castleton green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00563B |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 86, 59) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (161°, 100%, 34%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (32, 31, 151°) |
| Source | Castleton Colors[45] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Dark yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Castleton green is one of the two official colors of Castleton University in Vermont. The official college colors are green (PMS 343) and white. The Castleton University Office of Marketing and Communications created the Castleton colors for web and logo development and has technical guidelines, copyright and privacy protection; as well as logos and images that developers are asked to follow in the college's guidelines for using official Castleton logos. If web developers are using green on a university website, they are encouraged to use Castleton green. It is prominently used for representing Castleton's athletic teams, the Castleton Spartans.
Bottle green
[edit]| Bottle green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #006A4E |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 106, 78) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (164°, 100%, 42%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (39, 36, 155°) |
| Source | Encycolorpedia[46] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Dark green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Bottle green is a dark shade of green, similar to pine green. It is a representation of the color of green glass bottles.
The first recorded use of bottle green as a color name in English was in 1816.[47]
Bottle green is a color in Prismacolor marker and pencil sets. It is also the color of the uniform of the Police Service of Northern Ireland replacing the Royal Ulster Constabulary's "rifle green" colored uniforms in 2001. It is also the green used in uniforms for South Sydney High School in Sydney.[48]
Bottle green is also the color most associated with guide signs and street name signs in the United States.
Bottle green is also the background color of the Flag of Bangladesh, as defined by the government of Bangladesh.[49] Another name for this color is Bangladesh green.[50]
Dartmouth green
[edit]| Dartmouth green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00693E |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 105, 62) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (155°, 100%, 41%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (39, 42, 143°) |
| Source | Dartmouth Brand Guide[51] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Deep yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Dartmouth green is the official color of Dartmouth College, adopted in 1866. It was chosen for being the only decent primary color that had not been taken already.[52][53] It is prominently used as the name of the Dartmouth College athletic team, the Dartmouth Big Green. The Dartmouth athletic teams adopted this new name after the college officially discontinued the use of its unofficial mascot, the Dartmouth Indian, in 1974.
Dartmouth green and white are the main colors of Lithuanian basketball club Žalgiris Kaunas.
GO Transit green
[edit]| GO green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00AB66 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 171, 102) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (156°, 100%, 67%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (62, 68, 143°) |
| Source | Legislative Assembly of Ontario[54] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
GO green was the color used for the brand of GO Transit, the regional commuter service in the Greater Toronto Area.
Between 1967 and 2013, the brand and color that has adorned each of its trains, buses, and other property generally remained unchanged.[55] It also matched the shade of green used on signs for highways in Ontario. In July 2013, GO Transit updated its look to a two-tone color scheme.[56]
Gotham green
[edit]| Gotham green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00573F |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 87, 63) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (163°, 100%, 34%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (32, 30, 155°) |
| Source | [57] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Dark yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Gotham green is the official color of the New York Jets as of 4 April 2019. The name is a reference to one of the Nicknames of New York City.
Pakistan green
[edit]| Pakistan green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #01411C |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (1, 65, 28) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (145°, 98%, 25%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (23, 28, 137°) |
| Source | [Unsourced] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Deep yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Pakistan green is a shade of dark green, used in web development and graphic design. It is also the background color of the national flag of Pakistan. It is almost identical to the HTML/X11 dark green in sRGB and HSV values.
Sacramento State green
[edit]| Sacramento State green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #043927 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (4, 57, 39) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (160°, 93%, 22%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (20, 19, 152°) |
| Source | Sacramento State[58] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very dark yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
In 2004, California State University, Sacramento rebranded itself as Sacramento State, while keeping the official name as the long form. In the process of rebranding a new logo was selected, and in 2005 it formalized the colors which it would use.[58]
Paris green
[edit]| Paris green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #50C878 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (80, 200, 120) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (140°, 60%, 78%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (72, 71, 137°) |
| Source | [Unsourced] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Paris green is a color that ranges from pale and vivid blue green to deeper true green. It comes from the inorganic compound copper (II) acetoarsenite and was once a popular pigment in artists' paints.
Spanish green
[edit]| Spanish green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #009150 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 145, 80) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (153°, 100%, 57%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (53, 61, 140°) |
| Source | Gallego and Sanz[59] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Spanish green is the color that is called "verde" (the Spanish word for "green") in the Guía de coloraciones (Guide to colorations) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm.
UNT green
[edit]| UNT green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00853E |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 133, 62) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (148°, 100%, 52%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (48, 60, 136°) |
| Source | University of North Texas Identity Guide[60] |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
UNT green is one of three official colors used by the University of North Texas. It is the primary color that appears on branding and promotional material produced by and on behalf of the university.[60]
UP forest green
[edit]| UP forest green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #014421 |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (1, 68, 33) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (149°, 99%, 27%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (24, 29, 139°) |
| Source | University of the Philippines[61] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very dark yellowish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Adjacent is one of the official colors used by the University of the Philippines, designated as "UP forest green". It is based on the approved color specifications to be used for the seal of the university.[61]
Hooker's green
[edit]| Hooker's green | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #49796B |
| sRGBB (r, g, b) | (73, 121, 107) |
| HSV (h, s, v) | (162°, 40%, 47%) |
| CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (47, 23, 164°) |
| Source | Winsor & Newton[62] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Hooker's green is a dark green color created by mixing Prussian blue and gamboge. It is displayed adjacent. Hooker's green takes its name from botanical artist William Hooker (1779–1832) who first created it particularly for illustrating leaves.[63]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; Color Sample of Spring Green: Page 59 Plate 18 Color Sample J7 (Note: Before the invention in 1987 of the X11 color spring green (which in the early 1990s became known as the X11 web color spring green), Spring Green was thought of as a light green tinted toward the yellow; this color is now called spring bud, and it is the color that is shown in the color sample in Maerz and Paul as Spring Green, instead of the web color spring green halfway between green and cyan.)
- ^ "W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords". w3.org. 19 June 2018.
- ^ The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called spring green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color spring green is displayed on page 59, Plate 18, Color Sample J7.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; Color Sample of Spring Green: Page 59 Plate 18 Color Sample J7 (Note: Before the formulation of the X11 color list color spring green in 1987, Spring Green was thought of as a light green tinted toward the yellow that is shown in the color box above labeled spring bud and in the color sample labeled spring green in Maerz and Paul, instead of the pure spectrum web color spring green halfway between green and cyan that is now regarded as the color spring green.)
- ^ The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called emerald green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color emerald green is displayed on page 75, Plate 26, Color Sample J10.
- ^ St. Clair, Kassia (2016). The Secret Lives of Colour. London: John Murray. pp. 220–221. ISBN 9781473630819. OCLC 936144129.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 194; Color Sample of Emerald: Page 75 Plate 26 Color Sample J10
- ^ Chandraseekaran, Rajiv Imperial Life in the Emerald City: Inside Iraq's Green Zone 2007
- ^ a b c Regan, Trish (2009-01-22). "Pot growers thrive in Northern California: Cash crop now accounts for two-thirds of Mendocino County economy". CNBC. Archived from the original on February 3, 2013.
- ^ "Pigments through the Ages – History – Emerald green". www.webexhibits.org. Retrieved 2020-03-01.
- ^ "Emerald Green or Paris Green, the Deadly Regency Pigment". Jane Austen's World. 2010-03-05. Retrieved 2020-03-01.
- ^ Wright, Jennifer (2017-03-17). "The History of Green Dye Is a History of Death". Racked. Retrieved 2020-03-01.
- ^ The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called viridian in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color viridian is displayed on page 79, Plate 28, Color Sample K11.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; Page 207; the color viridian is displayed on page 79, Plate 28, Color Sample K11.
- ^ "Tintbooks – Get Accurate CMYK Color Results For Your Printing Projects". Tintbook.com. 18 March 2007. Archived from the original on 10 March 2007.
- ^ The sRGB values are taken by converting the NCS color 2060-G using the "NCS Navigator" tool at the NCS website.
- ^ a b "Pantone TPX Pantone Color Finder—Type the word 'Green' into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear. There are six versions, all with the same color codes—C, EC, HC, PC, U, and UP". Pantone.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 194; Color Sample of Erin Page 81 Plate 29 Color Sample F12; A deep tone of the color Erin is shown as lying half way between a deep tone of green and a deep tone of the color that is now called spring green, on the bottom row of color samples on the color plate, which represent the deeper tones of the colors between green and the color now called spring green.
- ^ "Dark green / #013220 Hex Color Code". Encycolorpedia.
- ^ "Dark pastel green / #03c03c Hex Color Code". Encycolorpedia.
- ^ Widner, Cindy (2017-06-15). "This sweet Tudor Revival is going for a song, by Old West Austin standards". Curbed Austin. Retrieved 2024-01-06.
- ^ "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Ma through Mz". October 19, 2017. Archived from the original on October 19, 2017. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 199; color sample of Mint: Page 81 Plate 29 Color Sample L10
- ^ ISCC-NBS
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 201; color sample of Persian green: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample H7
- ^ The source of this color is the ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Color Names (1955), a color dictionary used by stamp collectors to identify the colors of stamps, now on the Internet—see sample of the color Persian green (color sample #159) displayed on indicated web page: [1].
- ^ The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called shamrock in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color shamrock is displayed on page 65, Plate 21, Color Sample C9.
- ^ Nicola Gordon Bowe. "Symbols of Ireland". .gov.ie. Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2011-06-13.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 204; Color Sample of Shamrock: Page 65 Plate 21 Color Sample C9
- ^ Guidelines for Use of the National Flag, published by the Irish Government and the Department of the Taoiseach (.gov.ie). Document retrieved 3 April 2018.
- ^ Library. "National Flag". www.taoiseach.gov.ie. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
- ^ "California Code, Government Code – GOV § 420". FindLaw. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
- ^ The Mother of All HTML Colo(u)r Charts
- ^ Vergnaud, Armand Denis; Toussaint, G. Alvar (1874). A Practical Treatise on the Manufacture of Colors for Painting: Comprising the Origin, Definition, and Classification of Colors; the Treatment of the Raw Materials Etc. H.C. Baird. p. 535. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
sap green.
- ^ MacEvoy, Bruce. "handprint : colormaking attributes". www.handprint.com. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
- ^ "Sap Green". Bob Ross.com. Archived from the original on 19 June 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 162—Discussion of color Jade Green
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 197
- ^ The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called malachite in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color malachite green is displayed on page 79, Plate 28, Color Sample A9.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 198; Color Sample of Malachite Green: Page 79 Plate 28 Color Sample A9
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill--Discussion of the color Brunswick Green Page 151
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 191; Color Sample of Brunswick Green (deep): Page 71 Plate 24 Color Sample A12
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 194; the color sample for English Green is noted as being the same as for Brunswick Green (deep): Page 71 Plate 24 Color Sample A12
- ^ (unknown) (1913). Modern Artist's Pigments Archived 11 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved on 13 December 2005.
- ^ "Colors". Castleton University.
- ^ "Bangladesh green / #006a4e Hex Color Code". encycolorpedia.com.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Bottle Green: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample J7
- ^ "Uniform policy". South Sydney High School. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
- ^ People's Republic of Bangladesh Flag Rules, 1972 (Revised up to 2005) Archived 2009-03-06 at the Wayback Machine, Government of Bangladesh, Cabinet Division.
- ^ "Bangladesh Green | Color Bangladesh Green at ColorPicker.com". Archived from the original on 2017-03-05. Retrieved 2017-03-04.
- ^ "Dartmouth Brand Guide" (PDF). Dartmouth College. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2016. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
- ^ The Harvard Advocate. Harvard Advocate. 1866.
- ^ The Yale Courant. 1866.
- ^ "Metrolinx" (PDF). Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 2012-08-19.
- ^ "The design history of the GO Transit logo" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2012-08-19.
- ^ Gillis, Wendy (2013-07-16). "GO Transit trains and buses get a makeover". Toronto Star. Retrieved 2014-07-20.
- ^ "New York Jets Colors Hex, RGB, and CMYK". Team Color Codes. 22 May 2017.
- ^ a b "Sacramento State Brand Book" (PDF). Sacramento State. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-10-10. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
- ^ Gallego, Rosa; Sanz, Juan Carlos (2005). Guía de coloraciones (Gallego, Rosa; Sanz, Juan Carlos (2005). Guide to Colorations) Madrid: H. Blume. ISBN 84-89840-31-8
- ^ a b "Color | UNT Identity Guide". University of North Texas. Retrieved 2017-12-08.
- ^ a b "UP Brandbook" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2021-02-06.
- ^ "Colour Chart – Hooker's Green". Winsor & Newton. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
- ^ St. Clair, Kassia (2016). The Secret Lives of Colour. London: John Murray. p. 81. ISBN 9781473630819. OCLC 936144129.
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Spring green
View on GrokipediaDefinition and Physical Properties
Color Specifications
Spring green is defined in the sRGB color space, the standard for web and digital displays established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 1999, with RGB values of (0, 255, 127), corresponding to 0% red, 100% green, and approximately 50% blue intensity.[2] This yields a hexadecimal code of #00FF7F, where the absence of red component emphasizes the green-cyan balance derived from additive light mixing principles in RGB systems.[5] In CMYK for subtractive printing, it approximates 100% cyan, 0% magenta, 50% yellow, and 0% black.[2] On the RGB color wheel, spring green occupies a hue angle of 150°, precisely midway between pure green at 120° and cyan at 180°, reflecting its tertiary position in additive color theory.[2] This positioning arises from equal contributions of green and blue primaries adjusted to maximize saturation at full lightness, as per sRGB specifications for vivid display rendering.[6]| Shade | HEX | RGB | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring green | #00FF7F | (0, 255, 127) | Standard web variant, highly saturated.[2] |
| Medium spring green | #00FA9A | (0, 250, 154) | Slightly brighter with increased blue for a more cyan tilt.[7] |
| Dark spring green | #177245 | (23, 114, 69) | Desaturated, lower lightness variant evoking deeper foliage tones.[8] |
Spectral and Perceptual Characteristics
Spring green corresponds to a dominant wavelength of approximately 530 nm in the visible spectrum, evoking perception through strong stimulation of medium-wavelength-sensitive (M) cones in the human retina, augmented by long-wavelength-sensitive (L) cone activity, with limited short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cone response.[9] This spectral composition aligns with the color's high saturation in CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates (x ≈ 0.274, y ≈ 0.505), positioning it distant from the illuminant white point (e.g., D65 at x = 0.3127, y = 0.3290) and yielding a purity exceeding 90% relative to spectral loci.[10] The perceptual vibrancy stems from a relative luminance (Y) of about 73%, calculated from sRGB linear values as Y = 0.2126R + 0.7152G + 0.0722B, where the dominant green channel (G = 1.0 normalized) drives excitatory responses in opponent color channels, particularly green-red, while the moderate blue component (B ≈ 0.22 linear) introduces a subtle cyan shift balanced by the blue-yellow mechanism.[11] This high luminance-to-saturation ratio contributes to its fresh appearance, as brighter, saturated greens elicit heightened arousal in visual processing without overwhelming desaturation.[12] Perception varies with illuminants due to metamerism, where spring green's reflectance or emission spectrum matches under one light source (e.g., sunlight's broad continuum) but shifts hue toward yellow or cyan under narrow-band LEDs lacking balanced green wavelengths, altering cone ratios.[13] In RGB models, the imbalance (R=0, G=255, B=127) amplifies M-cone overactivation, potentially leading to perceived garishness in prolonged exposure from saturation-induced overstimulation, though empirical thresholds depend on individual adaptation.[12] Color vision deficiencies like deuteranomaly reduce discrimination, compressing the green locus and rendering it less saturated relative to normal trichromacy.[14]Historical Origins
Etymology and Early Documentation
The English compound "spring green" emerged in the mid-18th century to designate a pale or light green hue, derived from direct observation of tender, nascent foliage during the vernal season, distinguishing it empirically from the deeper tones of mature or evergreen vegetation. The Oxford English Dictionary records the earliest known usage in 1735, within Dictionarium Polygraphicum, a technical compendium on arts including pigments and colors, where it denotes a bright, yellowish variant lighter than standard forest greens.[15] This initial application aligns with practical contexts such as painting and dyeing, rather than poetic or symbolic abstraction. By 1766, the term specifically evoked a yet lighter, bud-like shade—approximating the modern HEX #A7F432 now termed spring bud—reflecting finer gradations in seasonal leaf emergence as documented in period color nomenclature.[16] Pre-20th-century botanical descriptions, such as those cataloging plant phenology, employed "spring green" to characterize the vivid tint of early deciduous shoots, emphasizing measurable contrasts in chlorophyll development against winter dormancy.[17] Dye recipes from the era, aiming for brighter greens via combinations like weld yellow over woad blue, occasionally referenced analogous "spring" tones to achieve hues evoking fresh growth, though without uniform standardization.[18] No evidence exists of equivalent terminology in ancient non-European linguistic traditions, as the phrase is intrinsically tied to English seasonal descriptors and lacks parallels in classical Greek, Latin, or pre-modern Asian color lexicons focused on broader verdant categories.[15] This absence underscores the term's origins in post-medieval European empirical botany and artisanal practice, unlinked to cross-cultural mythic or ritualistic greens.Evolution in Pigments and Dyes
Traditional approximations of spring green hues involved blending yellow ochre with verdigris (basic copper acetate), a practice dating to ancient Greece, though verdigris darkened to brown upon light exposure, compromising vibrancy and permanence.[19] Malachite, ground from copper carbonate ore and used since Egyptian times around 3000 BCE, offered a brighter turquoise-leaning green but suffered from opacity and gradual darkening in binders like oil.[20] Sap green, derived from buckthorn berries (Rhamnus cathartica) since the medieval period, produced a yellowish-green tone evoking foliage but yielded muted results requiring yellow additives for brightness; its organic chlorophyll base rendered it highly fugitive, fading rapidly under sunlight.[21] The 18th and 19th centuries introduced synthetic copper-based greens for more vivid approximations. Scheele's green, invented in 1775 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele as copper(II) arsenite, provided unprecedented brightness but released toxic arsenic vapors, especially in humid conditions, leading to documented poisonings.[22] Schweinfurt or Paris green (copper acetoarsenite), commercialized in 1814, achieved even more intense emerald tones suitable for spring-like vibrancy and was widely adopted in paints and wallpapers, yet it exhibited partial fading in light and severe toxicity, with arsenic content causing over 500 reported deaths from contaminated wallpapers by the mid-19th century.[23][24] Viridian (hydrated chromium(III) oxide), developed in the 1830s and refined by 1862, marked progress toward stability with cooler, transparent greens less prone to fading than arsenic variants, though its production involved hazardous chromate processes.[25] Industrial advancements in the late 19th century enabled consistent shades via chrome greens (mixtures of Prussian blue and chrome yellow), reducing variability but retaining some light sensitivity in early formulations.[26] Post-1900 synthetics resolved prior limitations. Phthalocyanine green (Pigment Green 7), commercialized around 1935 from copper phthalocyanine derivatives, delivers brilliant, lightfast yellow-greens with high tinting strength and minimal toxicity, enabling durable spring green reproductions in modern paints absent the instability or hazards of predecessors.[27] These formulations contrast sharply with 19th-century dyes, offering chemical inertness that withstands decades of exposure without degradation.[25]Representations in Color Systems
Digital and Web Standards
Spring green is codified in web standards as the named color "springgreen" with hexadecimal value #00FF7F, equivalent to RGB(0, 255, 127) in the additive RGB color model used for digital displays.[2] This specification positions it midway between pure green (#00FF00) and cyan (#00FFFF) on the RGB color wheel, achieving vividness through maximum intensity in the green channel (255) while incorporating half-intensity blue (127) for a yellowish tint.[1] The color was included among the extended set of 140 named colors in CSS Level 1 (1996) and subsequent standards, enabling consistent rendering across browsers and devices supporting sRGB. A related variant, mediumspringgreen (#00FA9A or RGB(0, 250, 154)), offers slightly desaturated rendering for user interfaces, reducing blue contribution for subtler vibrancy in web design.[7] Both colors integrate seamlessly with CSS properties likecolor and background-color, as well as SVG elements, ensuring reproducibility in vector graphics and scalable web content without loss of fidelity on compliant displays.
In additive RGB systems, spring green's high saturation leverages phosphor or LED emission peaks in the green spectrum for perceptual brightness, contrasting with subtractive CMYK models in print where equivalent greens require cyan and yellow inks, often yielding muddier results due to ink absorption.[28] While generally restful to the eye owing to green's central position in the visible spectrum, prolonged exposure to oversaturated digital greens can contribute to visual fatigue, as high luminance and contrast exceed optimal ergonomic thresholds in display calibration research.[29][30]