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Hypermarket

A hypermarket or superstore is a big-box store combining a supermarket and a department store. The result is an expansive retail facility carrying a wide range of products under one roof, including full grocery lines and general merchandise. In theory, hypermarkets allow customers to satisfy all their routine shopping needs in one trip. The term hypermarket (French: hypermarché) was coined in 1968 by the French trade expert Jacques Pictet.

Hypermarkets, like other big-box stores, typically have business models focusing on high-volume, low-margin sales. Typically covering an area of 5,000 to 15,000 square metres (54,000 to 161,000 sq ft), they generally have more than 200,000 different brands of merchandise available at any one time.[citation needed] Because of their large footprints, many hypermarkets choose suburban or out-of-town locations that are easily accessible by automobile.

Loblaws established its Real Canadian Superstore chain in 1979. It sells mainly groceries, while also retailing clothing, electronics and housewares. Its largest competitor in Canada is Walmart. These are the two major Canadian hypermarkets.

In 1961, following the repeal of Belgian laws that restricted department store sizes, the Belgian retailer Grand Bazar opened three hypermarkets under the name SuperBazar. The first, opened in Bruges on 9 September, covered 3,300 square meters (36,000 sq ft), while the second in Auderghem, Brussels, spanned 9,100 square meters (98,000 sq ft), marking it as a significant early example of the hypermarket concept.

It was Belgian market development engineer Maurice Cauwe [fr], who adopted the concept from his frequent trips to the United States, particularly inspired from the Grand Union's "Grand Way" center in Paramus, New Jersey.

Carrefour opened its first hypermarket in 1963, at Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, France, The co-founders were influenced by the teachings of Colombian-born American marketing executive Bernardo Trujillo, who taught executive education as part of the NCR Corporation's marketing campaign.

In France, hypermarkets are generally situated in shopping centers (French: centre commercial or centre d'achats) outside cities, though some are present in the city center. They are surrounded by extensive car parking facilities, and generally by other specialized superstores that sell clothing, sports gear, automotive items, etc.

After the successes of super- and hyper-markets and amid fears that smaller stores would be forced out of business, France enacted laws that made it more difficult to build hypermarkets and also restricted the amount of economic leverage that hypermarket chains can impose upon their suppliers (the Loi Galland).

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big-box store combining a supermarket and a department store
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