Hubbry Logo
List of stutterersList of stutterersMain
Open search
List of stutterers
Community hub
List of stutterers
logo
8 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
List of stutterers
List of stutterers
List of stutterers
View on Wikipedia
from Wikipedia

Man in robes with long brown hair against a background of waves reaching the shore
Greek orator Demosthenes practicing oratory at the beach with pebbles in his mouth

Stuttering (alalia syllabaris), also known as stammering (alalia literalis or anarthria literalis), is a speech disorder in which the flow of speech is disrupted by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words or phrases, and involuntary silent pauses or blocks during which the person who stutters is unable to produce sounds.[1] The exact etiology of stuttering is unknown; both genetics and neurophysiology are thought to contribute.[2] There are many treatments and speech-language pathology techniques available that may help increase fluency in some people who stutter to the point where an untrained ear cannot perceive stuttering; however, there is essentially no cure for the disorder at present.[3][4]

People who stutter include British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, orator Demosthenes, King George VI, actor James Earl Jones, US President Joe Biden, and country singer Mel Tillis. Churchill, whose stutter was particularly apparent to 1920s writers,[5] was one of the 30% of people who stutter who have an associated speech disorder—a lisp in his case—and led his nation through World War II.[6][7] Demosthenes stammered and was inarticulate as a youth, and, through dedicated practice using methods such as placing pebbles in his mouth, became a great orator of Ancient Greece.[8] King George VI hired speech therapist Lionel Logue to enable him to speak more easily to his Empire, and Logue effectively helped him accomplish this goal.[9] This training and its results are the focus of the 2010 film The King's Speech.[10] James Earl Jones has stated he was mute for many years of his youth, and he became an actor noted for the power of his voice.[11][12] Mel Tillis stutters when talking but not when singing.[13] Many people had their speech impairment only during childhood.[14]

Actors

[edit]
Man looking at the camera
Actor James Earl Jones in 2013
Emily at the premiere of Edge of Tomorrow
Emily Blunt in 2014
Man in suit with left hand in pocket facing left
German silent film actor Bruno Kastner c. 1920
Woman in hot pink dress dancing and singing with both arms raised
Actress Marilyn Monroe in 1953's Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
Actors with stutters
Name Lifetime Comments Ref.
Rowan Atkinson 1955–present English comedian, screenwriter, and actor who incorporates his stuttering into his work by using over-articulation [15][16]
Emily Blunt 1983–present English actress who won a Golden Globe Award in 2007 [17]
Peter Bonerz 1938–present American actor and producer who played Jerry the orthodontist on The Bob Newhart Show [18]
Wayne Brady 1972–present American actor, comedian, TV host, and singer [19]
Nicholas Brendon 1971–present American actor [20]
Jaik Campbell 1973–present British comedian who won British Stammering Association Writing Award in 2006 [21][22]
Hugh Grant 1960–present English actor who won a BAFTA and a Golden Globe Award in 1995 [23]
Steve Harvey 1957–present American television and radio presenter, actor, author, businessman, and former stand-up comedian. [24]
Dieter Thomas Heck 1937–2018 German actor and TV producer; started stuttering after being trapped under a staircase after a bombing raid in World War II [25][26]
James Earl Jones 1931–2024 American actor noted for his powerful voice [11][23][27]
Samuel L. Jackson 1948–present American actor who has appeared in over 100 films; active in Civil Rights Movement [23]
Javivi 1961–present Spanish actor who has appeared in films and TV series, usually in comical roles [28]
Bruno Kastner 1890–1932 German film actor and producer; died by suicide with the advent of sound films [29]
Harvey Keitel 1939–present American stage and movie actor [30]
Nicole Kidman 1967–present Australian actress and film producer [31]
Daniel Kitson 1977–present English comedian winner of the Perrier Comedy Award in 2002 [23][32]
Peggy Lipton 1946–2019 American actress who played "Julie Barnes" on The Mod Squad [30]
Drew Lynch 1991–present American stand-up comedian (known as "the Stuttering Comedian") and actor; season 10 runner-up on America's Got Talent [33]
John Melendez 1965–present American radio personality known as "Stuttering John" [34]
Ezra Miller 1992–present American actor [35]
Marilyn Monroe 1926–1962 American actress, singer, model, and sex symbol; Golden Globe Award nominee in 1956 [23][27]
Sam Neill 1947–present New Zealand actor [36]
Austin Pendleton 1940–present American actor, playwright, theatrical director, and instructor [18]
Rosie Perez 1964–present Puerto Rican-American actress [37]
Anthony Quinn 1915–2001 Mexican-American actor, painter, and writer [30]
Hrithik Roshan 1974–present Indian Bollywood actor who won numerous Best Actor awards [30][38]
Eric Roberts 1956–present American actor, Golden Globe Award nominee in 1978; brother of actress Julia Roberts [30]
Julia Roberts 1967–present One of the highest paid American actresses in terms of box office receipts; sister of actor Eric Roberts [30][39]
Tom Sizemore 1961–2023 American actor and producer [30]
Cole Sprouse 1992–present American actor, twin of Dylan Sprouse [30][40]
James Stewart 1908–1997 American film and stage actor whose stutter was a signature trait of his work [41][42][43][44]
Bruce Willis 1955–present American actor, producer, and musician [23]
Claude Rains 1889–1967 British actor whose career spanned nearly 7 decades, Tony Award winning actor [45]
Bob Newhart 1929–2024 American actor and comedian, known for his stammer [46]
Jeanne Little 1938–2020 Australian entertainer, comedienne and television personality [47]
Joe Dougherty 1898–1978 American actor, provided the original voice of Porky Pig [48][49]
David Tomlinson 1917–2000 English actor and comedian [50][51]
Frankie Howerd 1917–1992 English actor and comedian [52][53]
Louis Jouvet 1887–1951 French actor, theatre director and filmmaker [54]
Nicholas Parsons 1923–2020 English actor, and radio and television presenter [55]
Thane Bettany 1929–2015 English actor and dancer [56]
Boris Karloff 1887–1969 English actor, voice of Grinch [57]
Philip Lowrie 1936–present English actor [58]
Kenneth Colley 1937–present English actor [59]
Don Fellows 1922–2007 American actor in British theater and television [60]

Athletes

[edit]
Man in a Harlem Globetrotters uniform is on one knee and holding a basketball.
Basketball player Wilt Chamberlain in 1959 while a Harlem Globetrotter
Woman in peak cap and sunglasses is wearing a red T-shirt.
Golfer Sophie Gustafson in 2008
Athletes with stutters
Name Lifetime Comments Ref.
Kelly Brown 1982–present Scottish rugby union player [61]
Leo Carlsson 2004–present Swedish ice hockey player [62]
Rubin Carter 1937–2014 American boxer known as "The Hurricane" [18]
Wilt Chamberlain 1936–1999 American basketball player, holds numerous official NBA all-time records [63]
Johnny Damon 1973–present American baseball outfielder [64]
Sophie Gustafson 1973–present Swedish golfer [18]
Ron Harper 1964–present American basketball player [18]
Lester Hayes 1955–present American football cornerback [65]
Ben Johnson 1961–present Canadian sprinter [18]
Bo Jackson 1962–present American baseball and football player, 1985 Heisman Trophy winner [66]
Tommy John 1943–present American baseball pitcher [18]
Ivo Karlović 1979–present Croatian tennis player [67]
Michael Kidd-Gilchrist 1993–present American basketball player [68]
Ellis Lankster 1987–present American football cornerback [69]
Greg Louganis 1960–present American diver [18]
Bob Love 1942–2024 American basketball player [70]
Mason Massey 1997–present American racing driver [71][72]
Junior Ortiz 1959–present Puerto Rican baseball player [73][74]
Kenyon Martin 1977–present American basketball player [18]
Kenndal McArdle 1987–present Canadian hockey player [18]
Adrian N. Peterson 1979–present American football running back [18]
Wilfredo Rivera 1969–present Puerto Rican boxer [18]
Michael Spinks 1956–present American boxer who was a world champion in the light-heavyweight and heavyweight divisions (1981–1988) [18]
George Springer 1989–present American baseball outfielder [75]
Darren Sproles 1983–present American football running back [76]
Jake Steinfeld 1958–present American actor and fitness personality who had a fitness line "Body by Jake" and TV show called Body by Jake [77]
Duane Thomas 1947–2024 American football running back [18]
Dave Taylor 1955–present American ice hockey player [18]
Ken Venturi 1931–2013 American golfer and golf broadcaster [78]
Bill Walton 1952–2024 American Basketball Hall of Famer [79]
Tiger Woods 1975–present American golfer, formerly ranked World No. 1 (2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) [80]
James Rodríguez 1991–present Colombian soccer player [81]
Robert DiPierdomenico 1958–present Australian rules footballer [82]
Jumbo Elliott 1915–1981 American track and field coach [83]
Josh Hines-Allen 1997–present American football linebacker [84]
Al Hostak 1916–2006 American boxer [85]

Politicians

[edit]
Churchill is wearing his trademark overcoat and top hat.
Prime Minister Winston Churchill in 1942
Biden standing with US flags behind him
President Joe Biden in 2021
Politicians with stutters
Name Lifetime Comments Ref.
Ed Balls 1967–present British Labour politician; former Member of Parliament (2005–2015) [86]
Antonio Bassolino 1947–present Mayor of Naples (1994–1998); President of Campania (2000–2010); member of Italian Communist Party [18]
François Bayrou 1951–present French politician; Prime Minister of France (2024-2025) [87]
Joe Biden 1942–present United States Senator from Delaware (1973–2009), 47th Vice President of the United States (2009–2017), 46th President of the United States (2021–2025) [18][88][89]
Winston Churchill 1874–1965 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940–1945, 1951–1955); Nobel Prize in Literature recipient in 1953 [23][27]
Claudius 10 BC – 54 AD Emperor of Rome (41–54), exaggerated his ailment in youth amid fratricidal dynastic conflicts [90][91]
Demosthenes 384 – 322 BC Ancient Greek orator and politician [8]
Proinsias De Rossa 1940–present Irish Labour Party politician; Member of the European Parliament (1989–1992, 1999–) [92]
Eduardo de Pedro 1976–present Argentine Peronist politician; Minister of the Interior (2019–) [93]
Thomas Kean 1935–present American politician, 48th Governor of New Jersey (1982–1990) [94]
Joacine Katar Moreira 1982–present Portuguese politician, Member of the Assembly of the Republic (2019–) [95]
E. M. S. Namboodiripad 1909–1998 Indian communist politician; Chief Minister of Kerala (1957–1959, 1967–1969) [96]
Matti Vanhanen 1955–present Prime Minister of Finland (2003–2010) [97]
John Wilson Croker 1780–1857 Anglo-Irish Member of Parliament [98]
Nicolae Ceaușescu 1918–1989 Romanian communist leader [99]
William Dennison 1905–1981 Canadian politician and City of Toronto mayor [100]
Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná 1801–1856 Brazilian politician, diplomat, judge, and monarchist [101]
John Ponsonby, 4th Earl of Bessborough 1781–1847 British Whig politician [102]

Musicians

[edit]
Black man singing
Blues guitarist John Lee Hooker
Man in white slacks and black jacket standing singing on stage
Country singer Mel Tillis in 2007 at the Grand Ole Opry
Singers and musicians with stutters
Name Lifetime Comments Ref.
Marc Almond 1957–present English singer and songwriter [103]
Hugo Cole 1917–1995 English composer, cellist and music critic [104]
Sean Dunphy 1937–2011 Irish singer, who represented Ireland at the 1967 Eurovision song contest [105]
Noel Gallagher 1967–present English singer, guitarist, and vocalist [106]
Gareth Gates 1984–present English singer and songwriter [107]
John Lee Hooker 1912–2001 American blues guitarist [108]
Scatman John 1942–1999 American scat singer [109]
Jim Kerr 1959–present Scottish singer and songwriter [23]
Alvin Lucier 1931–2021 American music professor and composer of experimental music [18]
Chris Martin 1977–present English singer, songwriter, and pianist [23]
Kylie Minogue 1968–present Australian singer, songwriter, and actress [23]
Peter Murphy 1957–present English singer, songwriter, and actor [110]
Notker the Stammerer c. 840 – 912 Frankish composer, poet and scholar [111]
Ozzy Osbourne 1948–2025 English singer, songwriter and television personality [112]
Elvis Presley 1935–1977 American rock and roll singer [27]
Carly Simon 1945–present American singer, songwriter, musician, and children's author; recipient of two Grammy Awards, an Academy Award, and a Golden Globe Award; member of Grammy Hall of Fame [18][113]
Rory Storm 1938–1972 English musician and vocalist [114]
Mel Tillis 1932–2017 American country singer, spokesman and honorary chairman of the Stuttering Foundation of America in 1998 [13][115]
Chris Trapper 1971–present American musician [18]
Bill Withers 1938–2020 American singer, songwriter, and musician [18][116][117]
Cui Jian 1984–present Chinese singer, songwriter, and musician [118]
Megan Washington 1986–present Australian singer, songwriter and musician [119]
Andraé Crouch 1942–2015 American gospel singer, songwriter, record producer and pastor [120]
Adil Omar 1991–present Pakistani rapper, songwriter, record producer and filmmaker [121]
Robert Merrill 1917–2001 American operatic baritone and actor [122]
Chris Rainbow 1946–2015 Scottish pop rock singer and musician [123]
Dave Barker 1947–present Reggae and rocksteady singer [124]
Maxine Feldman 1945–2007 American folk singer-songwriter, comedian [125]
Victoria Hanna present Israeli multi-disciplinary artist, singer and musician [126]
Harrison Craig 1994–present Australian singer who won the second series of The Voice [127]
Ann Wilson 1950–present American singer and songwriter, lead singer of Heart (band) [128]

Writers

[edit]
Man with moustache standing in suit
Writer W. Somerset Maugham in 1934
Man with moustache standing in suit and facing right
Writer Machado de Assis c. 1896
Black woman with head covering, close up, smiling and looking to the right
Sonia Sanchez in 1998
Writers with stutters
Name Lifetime Comments Ref.
Arnold Bennett 1867–1931 English journalist and novelist [18]
Michael Bentine 1922–1996 British comedian, script-writer, and reader of children's books [18]
Elizabeth Bowen 1899–1973 Irish novelist and short story writer [18]
Lewis Carroll 1832–1898 English author, mathematician, logician, Anglican deacon and photographer [23][27]
Jim Davis 1945–present American cartoonist [129]
Machado de Assis 1838–1908 Brazilian novelist, short story writer, poet, and literary critic [130]
Margaret Drabble 1939–present English novelist, biographer, and literary critic [131]
Han, FeiHan Fei 280 BC – 233 BC Chinese philosopher and writer [18]
Edward Hoagland 1932–present American nature and travel writer [132]
Henry James 1843–1916 American-born writer and critic who spent most of his life in England [18]
Dylan Jones 1960–present British journalist and editor [133][134]
Somerset Maugham 1874–1965 English novelist, playwright, and short story writer [23][27]
Michael McCurdy 1942–2016 American illustrator, author, and publisher [18]
David Mitchell 1969–present English novelist [135]
John Montague 1929–2016 Irish poet [18]
Budd Schulberg 1914–2009 American screenwriter, television producer, novelist and sports writer [18]
David Seidler 1937–present British screenwriter; BAFTA and Academy Award-winning writer of The King's Speech [136]
David Shields 1956–present American writer of fiction and nonfiction [18]
Nevil Shute 1899–1960 British novelist and aeronautical engineer [18]
Peter Straub 1943–2022 American author and poet [18]
Kenneth Tynan 1927–1980 English theater critic and writer [18]
John Updike 1932–2009 American novelist, poet, short story writer, art critic, and literary critic [23]
Katharine Preston present British writer and public speaker [137]
Jordan Scott 1978- Canadian poet [138]
Armin Steigenberger 1965–present German poet, novelist, writer, literary editor, and musician [139]
Audre Lorde 1934–1992 American author, poet, professor, activist [140]
Paul Brickhill 1916–1991 Australian author, screenwriter, and fighter pilot [141]
Nicholas Mosley 1923–1917 English author [142][143]
Robert Hugh Benson 1871–1914 English Catholic priest and writer, popular preacher [144]
David G. Compton 1930–2023 British author, mostly science fiction, but including a nonfiction book about stuttering [145]
Desmond Bagley 1923–1983 English journalist and thriller novelist whose stutter initially exempted him from military conscription [146]
Marcus Buckingham 1966–present English author [147]
Charles Lamb 1775–1834 English essayist and poet [148]
Homer W. Smith 1895–1962 American physiologist and science writer [149]
Jimmy McGovern 1949–present English screenwriter and producer [150]
Sonia Sanchez 1934–present American poet, writer, and professor [151][152][153]

Others

[edit]
Charles Darwin
Man standing in royal regalia
King George VI of the United Kingdom c. 1940–1946
Man in beige shirt standing and talking, with finger pointed
Zoologist Alan Rabinowitz
Woodcut of man facing left with cloth hat and robe
Mathematician Niccolò Tartaglia later in life
Alan Turing at age 16
Other people with stutters
Name Lifetime Comments Ref.
Deng Ai 197–264 Three Kingdoms period general, Grand Commandant [154]
Prince Albert II 1958–present Prince of Monaco [18][88]
Terry Allen 1888–1969 United States Army Major General during World War II [155]
Walter Annenberg 1908–2002 Publisher, philanthropist, and diplomat [156]
Aristotle 384 BC – 322 BC Greek philosopher and writer [23][27]
Homer Bigart 1907–1991 American newspaper reporter who won two Pulitzer Prizes for combat reporting—one each during World War II and the Korean War [157]
Howard Bingham 1939–2016 American photographer and biographer of Muhammad Ali [18]
Arthur Blank 1942–present American businessman, co-founder of The Home Depot and owner of the National Football League's Atlanta Falcons [18]
Charles Sidney Bluemel 1884–1960 British-American psychiatrist; researcher on stuttering [158]
Patrick Campbell 1913–1980 3rd Baron Glenavy, Irish-born British journalist, humorist and television personality [18]
Lord Carver 1915–2001 British Field Marshal, tank commander in World War II; Chief of the Defence Staff [159]
Lord David Cecil 1902–1986 British biographer, historian and professor [18]
King Charles I 1600–1649 King of England (1625–1649) [160]
Charles Darwin 1809–1882 English naturalist [30]
Harley Earl 1893–1969 American car designer, first vice president of design at General Motors [18]
Jake Eberts 1941–2012 Canadian movie producer, director, and financier [161]
King Francis I 1494–1547 King of France (1515–1547) [162]
Malcolm Fraser 1903–1994 American philanthropist and businessman [163][164]
Philip French 1933–2015 Film critic and BBC radio producer [165]
King George VI 1895–1952 King of the United Kingdom (1936–1952) [23]
Annie Glenn 1920–2020 Wife of astronaut and United States Senator John Glenn; She was inducted into the National Stuttering Association Hall of Fame. [166][167]
David Goggins 1975–present Navy SEAL, athlete, and motivational speaker [168]
Sidney Gottlieb 1918–1999 American chemist who worked with the Central Intelligence Agency [18]
Vernon Hill 1945–present American banker [18]
King James II 1633–1701 King of England (1685–1688) [169]
Wendell Johnson 1906–1965 American psychologist, stutter research [170]
King Louis the Stammerer 846–879 King of Aquitaine and West Francia [171]
Emperor Michael II 770–829 Byzantine emperor, founder of the Amorian (Phrygian) dynasty [172]
Adam Michnik 1946–present Polish editor, historian, essayist, and political commentator [18]
Isaac Newton 1642–1727 English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian [23]
Bruce Oldfield 1950–present British fashion designer [18]
Jerzy Owsiak 1953–present Polish journalist, social campaigner [173]
King Peter I 1320–1367 King of Portugal (1357–1367) [174]
Alan Rabinowitz 1953–2018 American zoologist, conservationist, field biologist, and President and CEO of Panthera [18][175]
Alfred Rehder 1863–1949 German-American botanist, Harvard professor [23]
John Stossel 1947–present American consumer reporter, investigative journalist, author, and libertarian columnist [176]
Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia 1499–1557 Italian mathematician, engineer, and surveyor [18]
Alan Turing 1912–1954 British mathematician [177]
Charles Van Riper 1905–1994 American speech pathologist [170]
Jack Welch 1935–2020 American chemical engineer, businessman, and author [18]
Ludwig Wittgenstein 1889–1951 Austrian philosopher [23]
Charles Kingsley 1819–1875 Priest, historian, novelist, poet [178]
Gertrude Tompkins Silver 1911–1944 American Women Airforce Service Pilots member, disappeared during World War II [179]
John William MacKay 1831–1902 Irish-American industrialist [180]
Harold Ridley 1906–2001 English ophthalmologist who invented the introcular lens [181]
Keith Lindsay Stewart 1896–1972 Professional soldier in New Zealand Military Forces [182]
José Antonio Urquiza 1904-1938 Mexican integrist [183]
Eduards Volters 1856–1941 German linguist, ethnographer, and archeologist [184]
Harry Woolf, Baron Woolf 1933–present British barrister and judge [185]
Charlotte, Princess Royal 1766–1828 Queen of Württemberg  [186]
Dekanawida 12th or 15th Century Founder of the Iroquois Confederacy, also known as Great Peacemaker [187]
Alison Marjorie Ashby 1901–1987 Australian botanical artist [188]
William R. Travers 1819–1887 American lawyer and socialite. Called "the most popular man of New York" [189]
Ezekiel Merritt 1812–1886 American fur trapper and explorer known as the leader "Ezekiel 'Stuttering Zeke' Merritt" [190]
Juh 1825–1883 Warrior and a leader of the Nednhi band of the Chiricahua Apache [191]

References

[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

List of stutterers

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
A list of stutterers enumerates prominent individuals throughout history who have experienced , a neurodevelopmental defined by involuntary disruptions in speech fluency, including repetitions of sounds or syllables, prolongations of sounds, and blocks or pauses that impede the normal flow of speaking. Stuttering manifests in approximately 5% of preschool children, with about three-quarters recovering by late childhood, resulting in a persistent adult prevalence of roughly 1% worldwide, or around 80 million people, and shows a higher incidence in males. The condition's etiology involves genetic predispositions, neurological factors, and developmental influences, yet empirical evidence from affected high achievers demonstrates that it does not preclude exceptional success in fields like politics, arts, science, and athletics, often through self-devised strategies, therapy, or compensatory techniques such as altered speaking rhythms or preparatory practice. This compilation spans categories including ancient orators like , who reportedly trained with pebbles in his mouth to master delivery; statesmen such as and King George VI, the latter whose struggles inspired public speech therapy advancements; performers including actors and , who leveraged acting to manage symptoms; and others in literature, music, and sports, highlighting resilience amid a disorder that persists lifelong for many without barring eminence.

Understanding Stuttering

Definition and Characteristics

, also known as stammering, is a neurodevelopmental defined as a persistent disruption in the normal and time patterning of speech, inappropriate for the individual's age, characterized by involuntary repetitions of sounds, syllables, or words; prolongations of sounds; and blocks where or voicing is interrupted, leading to speech hesitation or cessation. These primary symptoms distinguish from typical disfluencies seen in young children learning language, as they occur more frequently, involve struggle behaviors, and impact communication efficacy. Developmental stuttering, the most common form, typically emerges between ages 2 and 5 during rapid , affecting 5-8% of preschool children and persisting into adulthood in approximately 1% of the population, with a male-to-female ratio of about 3-4:1. Acquired stuttering, rarer and not relevant to most historical or developmental cases, arises post-neurological events like or trauma (neurogenic) or, exceptionally, psychological factors (psychogenic). Empirical reveals atypical brain connectivity in speech motor and auditory areas among those with persistent , supporting a neurobiological basis over environmental causation alone. Characteristics include variability in severity—worse under time pressure or emotional arousal but not primarily caused by anxiety—and secondary behaviors such as facial tension, eye blinking, or word avoidance to escape disfluencies, which can compound social impacts. Genetic heritability estimates range from 70-80% based on twin studies, underscoring multifactorial origins involving speech planning deficits rather than psychological weakness. Recovery occurs spontaneously in 80-90% of affected children by , though persistence correlates with family history and early severity.

Etiology and Empirical Evidence

Developmental stuttering, the predominant form observed in affected individuals, emerges in early childhood and persists in approximately 1% of adults, with empirical evidence indicating a strong genetic predisposition rather than environmental or psychological causation. Twin studies consistently demonstrate high heritability, with concordance rates for identical twins ranging from 60-90% compared to 20-30% for fraternal twins, attributing 70-84% of variance in liability to additive genetic effects. A 2025 genome-wide association study analyzing over 800,000 participants identified 48 genes linked to stuttering risk, implicating pathways in neural development, synaptic function, and basal ganglia circuitry, which underpin speech motor control. These findings refute monogenic models and support a polygenic architecture, where multiple small-effect variants contribute cumulatively, with males showing 3-4 times higher prevalence due to sex-linked genetic vulnerabilities. Neurobiological from functional MRI and tensor reveals structural and functional anomalies in stutterers, including reduced integrity in left-hemisphere tracts (e.g., arcuate fasciculus) and atypical activation in the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loops responsible for sequencing speech movements. These circuits, critical for initiating fluent articulation, exhibit hyperactivation or desynchronization during , as by increased neural effort in stutterers compared to fluent speakers, independent of task demands. Longitudinal studies of childhood-onset cases show that persistent correlates with early deviations in maturation trajectories, particularly in perisylvian regions, rather than compensatory adaptations seen in recovered cases. Acquired neurogenic , occurring post-stroke or trauma in fluent adults, further localizes causality to in similar perisylvian and subcortical areas, providing causal that mirrors developmental patterns. Contrary to outdated psychoanalytic theories, developmental stuttering is not precipitated by , parental pressure, or emotional factors, as longitudinal cohort data show no causal link; such elements may exacerbate disfluencies but do not initiate the disorder. studies control for shared environments and confirm genetic dominance over variables, with recovery rates (75-80% in children by ) tied to rather than therapy addressing "anxiety." Empirical interventions targeting motor speech timing, such as , yield fluency gains by modulating signaling, underscoring a physiological rather than learned behavioral . This evidence collectively establishes as a neurodevelopmental , with ongoing research prioritizing genomic and endpoints over behavioral attributions.

Myths, Debunkings, and Real-World Impacts

One prevalent myth posits that stuttering arises primarily from nervousness, anxiety, or emotional factors, such as or lack of confidence. This view has been debunked by and genetic studies demonstrating a neurological basis, including atypical brain connectivity in speech motor areas and disruptions in circuits responsible for initiating fluent speech. A 2025 genome-wide association study identified 48 genes linked to risk, implicating pathways in neural development and processing rather than psychological triggers alone, though stress can exacerbate symptoms without causing the disorder. Another misconception links stuttering to inferior , , or poor practices. Empirical data refute this, showing no between stuttering and IQ levels, with affected individuals spanning all cognitive profiles; genetic estimates range from 60-80%, underscoring biological origins over environmental or temperamental deficits. Claims of bilingualism or emotional trauma as causal have similarly been disproven, as stuttering onset aligns with developmental milestones in monolingual and bilingual children alike, independent of linguistic complexity. In professional contexts, stuttering imposes tangible barriers, including employment discrimination and wage penalties; a U.S. analysis of over 200,000 adults found stutterers earn approximately 11-23% less than non-stutterers, attributable to hiring biases and perceived incompetence rather than productivity shortfalls. Workplace vigilance—constant monitoring for judgment—correlates with diminished job satisfaction and higher turnover, as stutterers report anticipating mistreatment in interviews and promotions. Socially, persistent stigma fosters avoidance of public speaking roles, yet longitudinal evidence from high-achievers indicates that targeted therapies and disclosure strategies can mitigate these effects, enabling career success without eliminating the stutter.

Historical Stutterers

Ancient and Classical Figures

Demosthenes (c. 384–322 BC), the Athenian orator and statesman known for his Philippics against Philip II of Macedon, faced early challenges with speech production as detailed in Plutarch's Life of Demosthenes. Primary accounts describe him as having a weakness in voice, indistinctness in articulation, shortness of breath that interrupted his phrasing, and a specific lisp substituting "l" for "r" sounds, leading to public mockery during initial forays into the assembly. To address these defects, he employed rigorous self-training, including filling his mouth with pebbles while reciting speeches near the sea to build enunciation and volume against noise, alongside practicing uphill runs and mirror declamation for gesture and breath control. While modern interpretations often equate these issues with stuttering, ancient sources emphasize articulation and prosodic difficulties rather than repetitive disfluencies, with no direct primary evidence of involuntary repetitions or blocks characteristic of developmental stuttering. Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (10 BC–AD 54), the fourth who expanded the empire into Britain and reformed administration, exhibited a lifelong stammer alongside motor tremors, as recorded by in The Life of Claudius. Suetonius notes that Claudius "stammered besides and his head was very shaky at all times, but especially when he made the least exertion," contributing to perceptions of infirmity that marginalized him until his accession in AD 41. This speech impediment persisted into adulthood, prompting accommodations like employing a reader for proclamations due to stammering difficulties. Contemporary historians attribute these symptoms possibly to or neurological conditions rather than isolated , though the described stammer aligns with fluency disruptions under exertion. Historical records from Greco-Roman antiquity recognize stuttering-like phenomena, with in Problems inquiring why humans alone stammer, attributing it to tongue sluggishness without claiming personal affliction, and linking it to respiratory issues, but no other named figures yield verifiable primary evidence of such impediments beyond these cases. Egyptian medical papyri from circa 2000 BC also reference speech blockages, indicating early awareness without individual attributions.

Pre-Modern and Early Modern Figures

, a and scholar at the in modern-day , composed influential hymns, sequences, and historical works; his Latin epithet Balbulus, meaning stammerer, derived from his documented speech impediment, which did not hinder his prolific literary output including the Gesta Karoli. Louis II (846–879), Carolingian king of West Francia from 877 until his death, succeeded his father Charles the Bald amid the partition of the Frankish realm; contemporary chronicles describe him as Ludovicus Balbus or "the Stammerer" owing to his stutter, though he maintained territorial control over regions including parts of modern France, Germany, and Italy during Viking incursions. Niccolò Tartaglia (c. 1499–1557), born Niccolò Fontana in , , adopted the nickname Tartaglia ("stutterer" in Italian) following a severe in childhood from a French invasion, resulting in lifelong stammering and facial scars; as a self-taught and , he advanced theory in Nova Scientia (1537), devised solutions to cubic equations privately revealed to Girolamo Cardano, and authored works on surveying and fortifications. King Charles I of England (1600–1649), second Stuart monarch reigning from 1625, confronted parliamentary opposition leading to the English Civil Wars and his execution in 1649; childhood health issues, including slow speech development, left him with a persistent slight stammer and Scots accent throughout adulthood, compounded by physical weaknesses like weak ankles requiring special footwear. Cotton Mather (1663–1728), Puritan minister and author in colonial , graduated Harvard at age 15 but delayed due to a pronounced stutter exacerbated by ; by adopting slower pacing and a melodic intonation, he mitigated the impediment sufficiently to deliver thousands of sermons, pen over 400 publications including Magnalia Christi Americana (1702), and influence events like the .

19th and Early 20th Century Figures

(1809–1882), the English naturalist renowned for formulating the theory of evolution through in (1859), had a slight stammer that persisted into adulthood, a trait shared with family members including his grandfather . This speech impediment did not prevent his prolific scientific output, including detailed observations from the voyage (1831–1836). Joaquim Maria (1839–1908), a Brazilian novelist, poet, and critic considered one of Latin America's greatest writers for works like (1899), suffered from a stutter alongside and humble origins as a mixed-race individual in Rio de Janeiro. Despite these challenges, he rose to found the Brazilian Academy of Letters in 1897 and produced psychologically insightful literature critiquing social hypocrisy. W. Somerset Maugham (1874–1965), British author of novels such as (1915) and plays like (1919), developed a lifelong stammer exacerbated by early parental losses and . He attributed significant personal influence to the stutter, which shaped his introspective writing style, though it did not impede his commercial success or espionage work during . King George VI (1895–1952), who reigned from 1936 to 1952 and led Britain through , struggled with a pronounced stammer from childhood, rooted in strict upbringing and possible psychological factors, which intensified under public scrutiny after his brother VIII's . With speech therapist Lionel Logue's assistance starting in 1926, he improved sufficiently to deliver the 1939 radio address rallying the nation against , though residual hesitations persisted in recordings like his 1938 Empire Exhibition speech.

Contemporary Stutterers by Field

Political and Military Leaders

King George VI (1895–1952), who reigned as monarch of the and the British Commonwealth from 1936 until his death, struggled with a severe stammer throughout his , which intensified under stress and posed challenges during addresses. He underwent speech therapy with Australian therapist starting in the 1920s, employing techniques such as breathing exercises and relaxation methods to manage his stutter, enabling him to deliver key wartime broadcasts, including the 1939 declaration of war on . Archival footage from 1938 captures instances of his stammer during a speech at the Exhibition in Glasgow. Joe Biden (born 1942), the 46th since 2021 and former from 2009 to 2017, has openly discussed his childhood stutter, which persisted into adulthood and influenced his deliberate speaking style. Biden employed strategies like pausing, substituting words, and practicing speeches to mitigate dysfluencies, attributing the condition's origins to early experiences including family dynamics and potential neurological factors. His stutter, evident in occasional repetitions and blocks during public appearances, drew attention during his political career but did not prevent his rise through Senate service from 1973 to 2009. Field Marshal Michael Carver (1915–2001), a senior officer who served as [Chief of the General Staff](/page/Chief_of_the_General Staff) from 1973 to 1976 and Chief of the Defence Staff from 1977 to 1978, overcame a boyhood stutter through determined effort early in life. Carver commanded tank units during invasions of and , later rising to lead British forces in strategic roles amid tensions, demonstrating resilience in military leadership despite early speech challenges.

Entertainers and Artists

![Man looking at the camera](./assets/James_Earl_Jones_(8516667383) (1931–2024), an acclaimed American actor renowned for voicing in the Star Wars franchise and Mufasa in , struggled with a severe stutter from childhood that led him to remain mute from first grade through high school. He overcame it by reciting in class, which built his confidence and fluency, eventually enabling a career spanning stage, film, and television with distinctive vocal performances. Emily Blunt (born 1983), a British-American actress known for roles in The Devil Wears Prada (2006), (2014), and (2018), developed a debilitating stutter in childhood that hindered conversations and social interactions. Participation in school acting at age 12, encouraged by a teacher, helped manage her stutter through performance techniques, though she still identifies as a stutterer and advocates for awareness. Mel Tillis (1932–2017), an American country music singer-songwriter who topped charts with hits like "Coca-Cola Cowboy" (1979) and earned induction into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1976, stuttered severely since age four following a malaria infection. His stutter affected speech but not singing, allowing him to write over 1,000 songs for artists like Kenny Rogers and perform despite it, often incorporating humor in interviews and routines. Marilyn Monroe (1926–1962), the iconic American actress and singer starring in films like Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953) and (1959), stuttered intermittently throughout her life, exacerbated by including molestation at age eight. She adopted her signature breathy voice as a therapeutic strategy recommended by a speech coach to ease , though occasionally disrupted filming, as documented in production notes from . John Lee Hooker (1917–2001), a pioneering American blues singer-guitarist influential in genres from to rock, stuttered in speech despite his rhythmic, emotive singing style heard in classics like "Boom Boom" (1962). His career spanned over six decades, with Grammy wins in 1990 for The Healer and induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991, undeterred by the stutter. Scatman John (John Paul Larkin) (1942–1999), an American jazz pianist, songwriter, and performer known for his unique “scat-rap” style, struggled with a severe stutter from an early age that caused him to hide behind his piano to avoid speaking. He incorporated his stutter into his music by developing scat singing, which led to his breakthrough 1995 hit "Scatman (Ski-Ba-Bop-Ba-Dop-Bop)", topping charts in multiple European countries and Japan, with lyrics explicitly addressing his stuttering. The song and his persona helped raise awareness for stuttering; he sold millions of records, earned 14 gold and 18 platinum certifications, and received the Annie Glenn Award in 1996 for service to the stuttering community. He famously said, "I'm a star . . . not although I stutter, but because I stutter."

Athletes and Physical Achievers

Bill Walton (born 1952) overcame a childhood stutter that persisted into adulthood, using it as motivation to develop communication skills essential for his broadcasting career after retiring from . Walton, a Hall of Fame center, won two NBA championships with the (1977) and one with the (1986), and was named NBA Finals MVP in 1977. He has advocated for awareness, sharing in interviews how and perseverance helped him manage the condition. Bob Love (born 1942), a former NBA forward for the , stuttered severely from childhood, which led to bullying and reluctance to speak publicly until he underwent speech therapy in the 1970s. Love averaged 17.3 over 11 seasons (1968–1976, 1982–1983), earning honors in 1973. Post-retirement, he became a Bulls ambassador, delivering motivational speeches despite residual disfluencies to inspire others with . Darren Sproles (born 1983), a retired and return specialist, has managed a lifelong stutter through practice and confidence-building from his athletic success. Sproles played 15 seasons (2005–2019) for teams including the , ( winner, 2010), and , earning four selections and leading the in all-purpose yards in 2006. He credits football for helping him overcome speech fears in interviews and public roles. George Springer (born 1989), an MLB outfielder, has openly discussed his stutter since childhood, which he addresses via ongoing speech therapy and by mentoring children facing similar challenges. Springer debuted with the Houston Astros in 2014, winning the in 2017 (earning MVP honors with .379 and three home runs in the series) and batting .267 career through 2023 with the Toronto Blue Jays. His advocacy includes encouraging fluency techniques during media interactions. Michael Pittman Jr. (born 1998), an wide receiver for the , has stuttered unpredictably since early childhood, using visualization and preparation from his sports training to navigate press conferences and leadership roles. Drafted in the first round in 2020, Pittman recorded 1,049 receiving yards in 2023, his first 1,000-yard season, and has spoken about how the stutter fosters resilience and empathy among teammates. Adrian Peterson (born 1985), a former , stuttered as a child but channeled determination from overcoming it into his gridiron achievements, later inspiring youth through . Peterson, a seven-time Pro Bowler, rushed for 2,097 yards in 2012 (NFL MVP), playing for teams like the Minnesota Vikings and across 15 seasons (2007–2021). He has highlighted as a hurdle that built his .

Intellectuals, Scientists, and Business Leaders

(c. 1499–1557), an Italian , , and surveyor, acquired his "Tartaglia," meaning "stutterer," following severe throat injuries sustained during a French invasion of in 1512, which left him with a lifelong speech impediment. Despite this, he made significant contributions to artillery ballistics, authoring Nova Scientia in 1537, which to , predating Galileo's work. Tartaglia also solved cubic equations and engaged in the famous dispute with over their publication. Charles Darwin (1809–1882), the English naturalist renowned for developing the theory of evolution by , exhibited a mild stammer, a trait that ran in his family, including his grandfather . Darwin's stutter was noticeable particularly when initiating sentences during conversations, though it did not severely impede his written output, such as published in 1859. Historical accounts confirm the familial pattern, with Darwin's father Robert also affected, suggesting a possible genetic component observed in 19th-century records. (1912–1954), the British mathematician and computer scientist pivotal in cracking the German Enigma code during , stuttered from childhood, a detail corroborated in multiple biographies despite the absence of audio recordings. His work at from 1939 to 1945 shortened the war by an estimated two years, and he laid foundational concepts for modern computing, including the in 1936. 's speech difficulties did not prevent his pioneering role in and . Jack Welch (1935–2020), former chairman and CEO of General Electric from 1981 to 2001, overcame childhood stuttering through persistent practice, transforming GE into a conglomerate valued at over $400 billion by 2000. Welch's leadership emphasized performance-based management, earning him recognition as one of the most influential business executives, despite early speech challenges that he addressed without formal therapy. His tenure at GE is credited with implementing the "vitality curve" for employee evaluations, a strategy that boosted profitability.

Writers, Journalists, and Media Figures

(1874–1965), a prolific British novelist, playwright, and short-story writer known for works such as (1915) and (1919), stuttered throughout his life, which influenced his reticence in speech but not his literary output. (1932–2009), an American novelist, poet, and critic celebrated for the Rabbit series including (1960), experienced a stammer and addressed it in his essay "Getting the Words Out," reflecting on its impact on his verbal expression. Robert A. Heinlein (1907–1988), a pioneering author of novels like (1961), stuttered from childhood, overcoming it sufficiently to become one of the genre's most influential voices through written rather than spoken means. John Stossel (born 1947), an American television journalist and libertarian commentator who worked for ABC News and , stuttered severely early in his career, nearly abandoning broadcasting before developing techniques to manage it on air. Byron Pitts (born 1960), an Emmy Award-winning American journalist and chief national correspondent for ABC News, has spoken publicly about his lifelong stutter, which he attributes to neurological factors and which he manages through and faith. John Hendrickson (born 1987), a staff writer at The Atlantic and author of Life on Delay: Making Peace with a Stutter (2023), stutters and gained attention for his 2019 article examining President Joe Biden's stutter alongside his own experiences in journalism.

Other Notable Individuals


(1953–2018) was an American zoologist and conservationist who stuttered severely from childhood, often finding it easier to communicate with animals than people until age 19. He became a leading expert on big cats, serving as president, CEO, and chief scientist at Corporation, and founded the world's largest reserve, the Hukawng Reserve in , in 2001. Rabinowitz advocated for stuttering awareness, drawing parallels between his speech challenges and his work giving voice to . Anna Margaret "Annie" Glenn (1920–2020), wife of astronaut and U.S. Senator , lived with a severe stutter for over 50 years, classified as an 85% speech impediment, which limited her despite her prominent role during the era. In the 1970s, at age 53, she underwent Lubbock Method of Retaining Effective Speech (LMR) therapy and achieved fluency, subsequently becoming a for the Stuttering Foundation of America, chairing National Stuttering Awareness Week, and promoting research and support for those with speech disorders. Her advocacy highlighted the potential for improvement in adulthood and inspired many through her resilience.

References

  1. https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/stuttering
  2. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14162-stuttering
  3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK603738/
  4. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/prevalence
  5. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0501/p2175.html
  6. https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/fluency-disorders/
  7. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famouspeople
  8. https://stamma.org/about-stammering/stammering-facts/influential-people-who-stammer
  9. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5831617/
  10. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9986501/
  11. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10883586/
  12. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11977836/
  13. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6486457/
  14. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/research-incidence-and-prevalence-stuttering
  15. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8756529/
  16. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094730X1100101X
  17. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-025-02267-2
  18. https://news.vumc.org/2025/07/28/large-scale-study-defines-genetic-architecture-of-stuttering/
  19. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00884/full
  20. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929323000294
  21. https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/147/6/2203/7667029
  22. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stuttering/symptoms-causes/syc-20353572
  23. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1885477/
  24. https://medicine.umich.edu/dept/psychiatry/news/archive/202009/new-neuroscience-stuttering
  25. https://direct.mit.edu/nol/article/doi/10.1162/nol_a_00162/127873/Stuttering-Our-Current-Knowledge-Research
  26. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/five-myths-about-stuttering
  27. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/stuttering-stems-from-problems-in-brain-wiring-not-personalities/
  28. https://www.science.org/content/article/genome-wide-study-makes-quantum-leap-understanding-stuttering
  29. https://www.stutteringtreatment.org/blog/facts-about-stuttering
  30. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10399746/
  31. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6195060/
  32. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094730X19301044
  33. https://www.shrm.org/topics-tools/news/inclusion-diversity/stuttering-discrimination-workplace
  34. https://pubs.asha.org/doi/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00202
  35. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11983242/
  36. https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Demosthenes*.html
  37. https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Claudius*.html
  38. https://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~duchan/new_history/ancient_history/aristotle_on_stuttering.html
  39. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165587601004748
  40. https://stutter.ca/articles/2010/06/notker-stammerer
  41. https://ahn.mnsu.edu/services-and-centers/center-for-communication-sciences-and-disorders/services/stuttering/information-about-stuttering/fun-information/famous-people-who-stutter/louis-ii-the-stammerer/
  42. https://www.famousscientists.org/niccolo-tartaglia/
  43. https://dipartimenti.unicatt.it/dmf-il-dipartimento-niccolo-tartaglia?rdeLocaleAttr=en
  44. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-I-king-of-Great-Britain-and-Ireland
  45. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/King-Charles-I/
  46. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/historic-figure-who-stuttered
  47. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2924571
  48. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC340949/
  49. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/07/09/hes-one-of-brazils-greatest-writers-why-isnt-machado-de-assis-more-widely-read
  50. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/w-somerset-maugham
  51. https://www.historyextra.com/period/20th-century/george-vi-biography-facts-key-moments-life-king-stammer-guide/
  52. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/stuttering-and-kings-speech
  53. https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-VI
  54. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1TubkzxPFY
  55. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/bidens-stutter-how-a-childhood-battle-shaped-his-approach-to-life-and-politics/
  56. https://ursdayton.org/presidents-with-disabilities/
  57. https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/dec/12/guardianobituaries
  58. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famous-people/james-earl-jones
  59. https://www.inc.com/jessica-stillman/james-earl-jones-didnt-talk-10-years-stutter-how-learned-talk-again-inspirational-lesson.html
  60. https://news.northeastern.edu/2024/09/12/james-earl-jones-voice/
  61. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famous-people/emily-blunt
  62. https://variety.com/2023/scene/news/emily-blunt-stutter-power-of-women-1235792102/
  63. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/emily-blunt-talks-about-stuttering
  64. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famous-people/mel-tillis
  65. https://www.wknofm.org/2017-11-20/remembering-how-mel-tillis-overcame-stuttering-to-be-a-country-music-star
  66. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/what-we-didnt-know-about-mel-tillis
  67. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famous-people/marilyn-monroe
  68. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/marilyn-monroe
  69. https://ahn.mnsu.edu/globalassets/college-of-allied-health-and-nursing/speech-hearing-and-rehabilitation-services/stuttering/famous-pws/mcdermottchapter5.pdf
  70. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/scatman-john
  71. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0vvq1733g4o
  72. https://www.stutteringtreatment.org/blog/famous-people-who-stutter
  73. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famous-people/darren-sproles
  74. https://www.mlb.com/news/george-springer-helped-writer-son-with-stutter
  75. https://www.espn.com/blog/indianapolis-colts/post/_/id/27867/how-michael-pittman-jr-s-stutter-has-helped-shape-him-into-a-leader-for-the-indianapolis-colts
  76. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/nfl-superstar-and-stuttering-superhero
  77. https://www.paradise.caltech.edu/ist4/lectures/Cardano-Tartaglia_Dispute.pdf
  78. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/darwin-family
  79. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/alan-turing
  80. https://www.entrepreneur.com/leadership/famous-people-who-have-overcome-stuttering/249103
  81. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZRpFHZhy-Y
  82. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famous-people/john-stossel
  83. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9h1GJvRB70
  84. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/famous-people/alan-rabinowitz
  85. https://stutter.ca/articles/2018/08/boy-and-jaguar-life-alan-rabinowitz
  86. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/annie-glenn-real-hero-and-inspiration
  87. https://www.stutteringhelp.org/content/annie-glenn
  88. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/19/us/annie-glenn-dead.html
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.