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Potassium iodate
Potassium iodate (KIO3) is an ionic inorganic compound with the formula KIO3. It is a white salt that is soluble in water.
It can be prepared by reacting a potassium-containing base such as potassium hydroxide with iodic acid, for example:
It can also be prepared by adding iodine to a hot, concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide:
Or by fusing potassium iodide with potassium chlorate, bromate or perchlorate, the melt is extracted with water and potassium iodate is isolated from the solution by crystallization:
The analogous reaction with potassium hypochlorite is also possible:
KI + 3KOCl → 3KCl + KIO3
Conditions/substances to avoid include: heat, shock, friction, combustible materials, reducing materials, aluminium, organic compounds, carbon, hydrogen peroxide and sulfides.
Potassium iodate is sometimes used for iodination of table salt to prevent iodine deficiency. In the US, iodized salt contains antioxidants, because atmospheric oxygen can oxidize wet iodide to iodine; other countries simply use potassium iodate instead. Salt mixed with ferrous fumarate and potassium iodate, "double fortified salt", are used to address both iron and iodine deficiencies. Potassium iodate is also used to provide iodine in some baby formula.
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Potassium iodate
Potassium iodate (KIO3) is an ionic inorganic compound with the formula KIO3. It is a white salt that is soluble in water.
It can be prepared by reacting a potassium-containing base such as potassium hydroxide with iodic acid, for example:
It can also be prepared by adding iodine to a hot, concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide:
Or by fusing potassium iodide with potassium chlorate, bromate or perchlorate, the melt is extracted with water and potassium iodate is isolated from the solution by crystallization:
The analogous reaction with potassium hypochlorite is also possible:
KI + 3KOCl → 3KCl + KIO3
Conditions/substances to avoid include: heat, shock, friction, combustible materials, reducing materials, aluminium, organic compounds, carbon, hydrogen peroxide and sulfides.
Potassium iodate is sometimes used for iodination of table salt to prevent iodine deficiency. In the US, iodized salt contains antioxidants, because atmospheric oxygen can oxidize wet iodide to iodine; other countries simply use potassium iodate instead. Salt mixed with ferrous fumarate and potassium iodate, "double fortified salt", are used to address both iron and iodine deficiencies. Potassium iodate is also used to provide iodine in some baby formula.