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Steve Young
Steve Young
from Wikipedia

Jon Steven Young (born October 11, 1961) is an American former professional football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 15 seasons, most notably with the San Francisco 49ers. He also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who drafted him. Prior to his NFL career, Young played for the Los Angeles Express of the United States Football League (USFL) for two seasons. He played college football for the BYU Cougars, setting school and NCAA records.

Key Information

Young left the fledgling USFL after the 1985 season to join the Buccaneers. Two seasons of underwhelming play led Tampa Bay to trade him to the 49ers in 1987. A quarterback controversy ensued as he spent several seasons backing up starting quarterback Joe Montana, who had previously led San Francisco to four Super Bowl championships. Young became the 49ers' full-time starting quarterback in 1991. He was named the AP's NFL Most Valuable Player in 1992 and 1994, and was the MVP of Super Bowl XXIX where he led the 49ers to a victory over the San Diego Chargers with a record six touchdown passes. During his 1994 MVP campaign, Young set a new NFL record for passer rating at 112.8.[1] He is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame and the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

Young was an extremely efficient passer, leading the league in passer rating a record six times and completion percentage and yards per attempt five times.[2] At the time of his retirement, Young had the highest passer rating among NFL quarterbacks with at least 1,500 passing attempts (96.8). As of 2025, he was ranked fourteenth all time in passer rating, and was ranked fourth-highest amongst retired players, behind only Drew Brees, Tom Brady, and Tony Romo.[3] Young's 43 career rushing touchdowns are fourth among quarterbacks,[4] while his 4,239 rushing yards ranks sixth all time.[5]

Early life

[edit]

Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, Young attended Eastern Middle School, and Greenwich High School in Greenwich, Connecticut, where he played quarterback on its Cardinals football team.

Young earned 1978 All-FCIAC West Division First Team honors in his junior year, his first year as a starter. In his senior year, Young rushed for 13 touchdowns and earned All-FCIAC West Division First Team honors, and was named to the CIAC All-State team. In the rush-first option offense run by Greenwich, he completed only 41 percent of his throws for 1,220 yards, but ran the ball 267 times for 1,928 yards. On Thanksgiving Day in November 1979, Greenwich lost to Darien High School, known for its "Tidal Wave Defense", 17–0.[6] During his senior year, Young was co-captain of the football, basketball, and baseball teams. In basketball, he averaged 15 points a game. In baseball, Young hit .384 and played center field when he was not pitching. Young was 5–1 and threw a 3–0 no-hitter against New Canaan High School.

College career

[edit]

Young was heavily recruited by the University of North Carolina. Coach Dick Crum was enamored of Young's running ability, and wanted him to run his option offense. Young instead chose BYU. Initially, he struggled at throwing the ball, and BYU's coaching staff considered switching him to defensive back because of his athleticism. However, Young worked hard to improve his passing skills and eventually succeeded record-setting Jim McMahon as BYU's starting quarterback. Young passed for 3,902 yards and 33 touchdowns in the regular season, and his 71.3% completion percentage set an NCAA single-season record. Young also added 544 yards rushing. With Young at quarterback, BYU set an NCAA record by averaging 584.2 yards of total offense per game, with 370.5 of those yards coming from his passing and rushing. The Cougars finished the year with an impressive 11–1 record; Young was named a unanimous All-American and received the Davey O'Brien National Quarterback Award, which recognizes the nation's best collegiate quarterback each year. He also finished second in voting for the Heisman Trophy, behind Nebraska running back Mike Rozier. Young capped his college career by scoring the game-winning touchdown on a pass from the halfback in BYU's 21–17 victory over Missouri in the 1983 Holiday Bowl.

Young finished his college career with 592 pass completions for 7,733 yards and 56 touchdowns, along with 1,048 rushing yards and 18 touchdowns. He was enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame in 2001.

Professional football

[edit]

At the time Young left college the USFL was proving a serious challenge to the established NFL, and he had a choice to be a top pick in either league.

Los Angeles Express

[edit]

Young was selected by the USFL Los Angeles Express in the first round (11th overall) of the 1984 draft held that January. Express general manager Don Klosterman told Young that if he signed with the Express, his head coach would be John Hadl, a former All-Pro quarterback who had shepherded John Elway through his first year in the NFL. Klosterman also told Young that Hall of Fame coach Sid Gillman, who had been hired as a consultant, would tutor him on how to be a pro quarterback.

The regular 1984 NFL draft would not be held until May. To help influence his decision, the Express offered an all-sports record 10-year, $40 million contract.[7][8][9][10] Young was convinced, and signed with the Express in March 1984.[11] He agreed to take his payment in the form of an annuity paid out over forty years to help the fledgling team.[a]

After missing the first six games of his rookie season while taking some college classes in order to graduate on time, Young started the final 12 games. He had a respectable year, highlighted by becoming the first pro football player ever to pass for 300 yards and rush for 100 in a single game.

Despite a roster which included future NFL players such as Jojo Townsell, Mel Gray, and Kevin Nelson, and making the Western Conference title game in Young's first season, the Express were never able to create a sustaining fan base in Los Angeles. They often played to sparse crowds that looked even more so in the then-95,000-seat Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.

Near the end of the 1984 season, Express owner J. William Oldenburg was forced to give up control of the team after multiple reports revealed he had misrepresented his net worth. Houston Gamblers minority owner Jay Roulier was cleared to buy the team, only to be pushed out shortly before the 1985 preseason when it emerged that he too had lied about his finances. For all intents and purposes, the Express' 1985 season ended at that point. The league took over the team and cut the budget to the bare minimum. Notably, no money was allocated to replace injured players.[11][13] This left the Express in a precarious position when a rash of injuries decimated the roster. Even before then, Young and the other young players concluded that the Express would not be around for the planned move to a fall schedule in 1986, even if the USFL survived. With this in mind, they played tentatively so as not to harm their NFL prospects. As a result, despite fielding essentially the same team as a year prior, the Express cratered to a 3–15 record.

Before the Express' final home game — which had been moved to Los Angeles Pierce College in the San Fernando Valley — the bus driver refused to leave unless he was paid up front, in cash. Young contributed some money, as did the team trainer, and the driver took them to the game. In the season finale at Orlando, Young had to line up at tailback because the Express had no healthy running backs left on the roster.[11][13]

It was reported that Young had insured his contract and would still be paid until 2027.[14] However, facing the prospect of both a faltering owner and an unstable league, Young had already renegotiated his 10-year deal down to 4 years, and had already collected a total of $4.8 million of the $5.8 million due in total through the final year of that deal (in 1987), working out to an annual rate of pay of $2.4 million for his first two seasons that was the highest in all of American sports.[b] Included in that negotiation was a payment of $1.4 million for the balance of the 10-year annuity (less money paid out against it), and salaries for the remaining two years of the deal "in excess of $450,000" annually according the USFL Commissioner then overseeing the LA Express (which had fallen into receivership).[15]

Tampa Bay Buccaneers

[edit]

Young grew increasingly dissatisfied with the disarray surrounding the Express. Just a week before what proved to be the last USFL title game, Young gave the USFL an ultimatum – find a new owner for the Express, or allow him to buy out his contract and go to the NFL.[13] Soon after the league decided to suspend the Express's operations for the 1986 season, Young bought out his Express contract and signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who had made him the first pick in a supplemental draft of USFL and CFL players a year earlier.[16]

By this time, the Buccaneers were in the midst of what would be 12 consecutive 10-loss seasons. They posted identical 2–14 records in Young's two seasons with them, going 3–16 with him as a starter. Young threw for only 11 touchdowns with 21 interceptions while completing fewer than 55% of his passes.

San Francisco 49ers

[edit]

The Buccaneers selected University of Miami quarterback Vinny Testaverde first overall in the 1987 NFL draft because Young was deemed a bust.[17] Young was traded to the San Francisco 49ers on April 24, 1987, to serve as a backup to Joe Montana. 49ers coach Bill Walsh was impressed by Young's natural abilities, and believed his lackluster numbers were primarily due to the lack of talent around him in Tampa Bay.

The Buccaneers received second and fourth round draft picks in the trade, which they used to draft Miami linebacker Winston Moss, and Arizona State wide receiver Bruce Hill, respectively.

Montana's backup: 1987–1990

[edit]
Young in 1990

Young played behind Montana for four years, but shone as a backup. Substituting for an injured Montana, early in the first quarter of a 1987 game against the Chicago Bears, Young threw four touchdown passes in a 41–0 victory. In their 1987 divisional playoff game against the Minnesota Vikings, he replaced Montana in the second half after the team fell behind 27–10. The 49ers still lost the game, but Young had a good performance, completing 12 of 17 pass attempts for 158 yards, a touchdown, and an interception while also leading San Francisco in rushing with 72 yards and a touchdown on six carries. On October 30, 1988, Young ran for a 49-yard, game-winning touchdown against the Minnesota Vikings. It was the longest run by a 49ers quarterback until 2012 with a 56 yard-run by Colin Kaepernick.[18] Young started the game out with a 73-yard touchdown pass to John Taylor, after Montana went down with an injury. The play earned the 49ers a 24–21 victory and a bit of revenge on the Vikings for their previous season's playoff loss. The win turned out to be crucial. Without it, the 49ers would have finished the season 9–7 and missed the playoffs. Two other teams in their division, the Los Angeles Rams and New Orleans Saints, had 10–6 records. Instead, the 49ers won their division, earned the #2 playoff seed, and went on to win the Super Bowl.

In 1989, Young displayed potential to become the team's starter in the future. While Montana won the NFL MVP award and led the team to a victory in Super Bowl XXIV, Young still had a good season, completing 69% of his passes for 1,001 yards, eight touchdowns, and only three interceptions. On October 22, 1989, he posted a perfect passer rating of 158.3 when he completed 11 of 12 passes for 188 yards and three touchdown passes in a 37–20 victory over the New England Patriots.

Young rushed for a career-high 102 yards on just eight carries against the New Orleans Saints on December 23, 1990, making him only the second 49ers quarterback to rush for at least 100 yards in a single game. The 49ers lost the game 13–10.[19]

In his four seasons as a backup, Young threw 23 touchdown passes and only six interceptions.

1991 season

[edit]

Following an injury to Montana's elbow in the 1990 NFC Championship Game, which forced him to miss the entire 1991 season, Young got his chance to lead the 49ers, but got off to a rough start. Midway through the season, the 49ers found themselves struggling with a 4–4 record. In the ninth game of the season, after throwing a franchise-record 97-yard touchdown pass to Taylor, Young suffered a knee injury and was replaced by backup quarterback Steve Bono. After a loss in that game and the next, Bono led the 49ers to five consecutive victories, playing so well that coach George Seifert decided to keep him in the starting lineup after Young had recovered. It was not until late in the 15th game of the season, after Bono went down with an injury of his own, that Young got to play again. Young then closed out the season by throwing for 338 yards and three touchdowns and also rushing for 63 yards and another touchdown in a 52–14 win over the Chicago Bears in a Monday Night Football game at Candlestick Park.

Young finished the season with an NFL best 101.8 passer rating. Despite missing five full games and most of a sixth, he still threw for 2,517 yards, 17 touchdowns, and only eight interceptions. Despite Young's strong season, the season for the team was widely regarded as a disappointment. The 49ers had slipped from a 14–2 record in the previous season to a 10–6 record in 1991. 10 wins, while usually being enough to grant a playoff spot for a team, kept the 49ers just short of the playoffs, and San Francisco ended up not playing in the postseason for the first time since 1982. It was thought by many that Young's days as the 49ers starter were numbered due to the impending return of Montana from the injury to his right elbow, and some observers said the 49ers should trade Young and keep Montana and Bono. However, the trade never happened.

1992 season: First MVP

[edit]
Young's 1992 MVP season jersey shown at the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio

By the start of the 1992 season, it appeared that Young's starting job was in serious peril. In addition to having to compete with Bono, Montana appeared to be close to recovering from his elbow tendon surgery. San Francisco came close to trading Young to the Los Angeles Raiders, but no deal was finalized and it turned out that Montana would not recover in time to start in the opening game. Montana would not return until the final game of the 1992 season, a Monday Night home game against the Detroit Lions. Montana played the entire second half of that final game and guided the 49ers to victory.

Young ended up as San Francisco's starting quarterback, but once again got off to a rough start. On the fifth play of the opening game at the New York Giants, he suffered a concussion and was replaced by Bono, who threw two touchdown passes while leading the 49ers to a 31–14 victory. The following week, the 49ers lost 34–31 to the Buffalo Bills, despite a career-high 449 passing yards and three touchdowns from Young, in a game that for the first time in NFL history had zero punts from either team.

Young recovered and led the 49ers on a five-game winning streak, capped off by a 56–17 victory over the Atlanta Falcons in which he passed for 399 yards and three touchdowns. After missing most of the next game (a 24–14 loss to the Cardinals) with the flu, Young led San Francisco to a victory in all of their remaining games of the season, giving the team a 14–2 record. He went on to throw for 227 yards and two touchdowns and rushed for 73 yards in a 20–13 divisional playoff win over the Washington Redskins. However, the 49ers lost the NFC Championship game, 30–20, to the eventual Super Bowl champion Dallas Cowboys. Young threw for 313 yards, completing 71.4% of his passes while passing for a touchdown and rushing for another. However, he also threw two interceptions, but the final one came with the outcome of the game already decided.

Young finished the season with 3,465 passing yards and 537 rushing yards, along with an NFL-best 25 touchdown passes and 107.0 passer rating, earning him the NFL Most Valuable Player Award and his first selection to the Pro Bowl. Young was the first quarterback ever to record a triple-digit rating in consecutive seasons. Many credit his turnaround to the mentoring of the 49ers' new offensive coordinator Mike Shanahan, who worked with Young on combining his running skill with on-the-move passing decisions.

1993 season

[edit]

Before the start of the 1993 season, team owner Eddie DeBartolo Jr. announced that he wanted Montana to resume his role as starting quarterback for the 49ers. However, a rift in the locker room had developed, with players split on whom they wanted at quarterback. In the spring of 1993, at Montana's request, San Francisco traded Montana to the Kansas City Chiefs. Young was now the 49ers' undisputed starter, and would remain so for the rest of his career. But once again, Young had a rough start to the season. Over the first four games of 1993, Young, who was hindered by a swollen thumb on his throwing hand, threw eight interceptions, more than he had thrown during the entire 1992 season. But after his thumb healed, Young went on an incredible streak over a span of seven games, throwing 16 touchdown passes with only two interceptions and a 122.2 passer rating. By the end of the year, Young set franchise records for most passing yards (4,023), and consecutive passes thrown without an interception (189, later eclipsed by Alex Smith in 2012), while leading the NFL in touchdown passes (29) and passer rating (101.5). The team slipped to a 10–6 record, but advanced to the NFC championship game again by blowing out the New York Giants 44–3 in the Divisional Round. However, they were again defeated by the Dallas Cowboys, this time 38–21.

1994 season: Second MVP and Super Bowl win

[edit]

After several key free agent signings (including All-Pro cornerback Deion Sanders) and NFL draft selections, the 49ers looked to win their first Super Bowl since 1989. They started fast, beating the Los Angeles Raiders 44–14 on the strength of four touchdown passes from Young, one of four games during the regular season in which he had at least four.[20] After a loss in a much-anticipated game to Joe Montana and the Kansas City Chiefs,[21] the 49ers won their next two games before losing to the Philadelphia Eagles 40–8 at Candlestick Park, a game in which Young was eventually benched in the middle of an offensive series. Although head coach George Seifert later said he only pulled Young because he was getting manhandled by the Eagles' defense, Young had had enough of being scapegoated for 49er shortfalls and loudly (and visibly) lambasted Seifert over his decision while standing on the sideline during the game.

"Is this great or what? I mean, I haven't thrown six touchdown passes in a game in my life. Then I throw six in the Super Bowl! Unbelievable."

Steve Young[22]

But the game was considered a turning point in the season; from there, Young led the team to 10 consecutive wins, by an average of 20 points, before losing the meaningless finale against the Vikings in which Young completed his first 12 of 13 attempts before going to the sidelines. They finished an NFL best 13–3, securing home-field advantage throughout the NFC playoffs. The 49ers had the number-one offense in the NFL, and were so dominant that Seifert often took Young out of games early if he felt that the 49ers had an insurmountable lead at the time.

After an easy 44–15 victory over the Chicago Bears in the Divisional Round,[23] the 49ers jumped out to a 31–14 halftime lead over the Dallas Cowboys in the NFC Championship Game, holding on to win 38–28. Young threw for two touchdowns, while adding 47 yards and another touchdown on the ground. As a result, he went to his first Super Bowl as a starting quarterback. The 49ers were heavy favorites to become the first team with five Super Bowl victories.

On the strength of a six-touchdown performance that surpassed the previous Super Bowl record of five, owned by the man Young replaced, Joe Montana, Young was named the MVP of Super Bowl XXIX, as the 49ers defeated the San Diego Chargers, 49–26. Young also threw for 325 yards and rushed for 49 yards, making him the first player ever to finish a Super Bowl as the game's leader in both rushing and passing yards.

The victory capped off an incredible year for Young, who had one of the best seasons by a quarterback in NFL history. He threw for 3,969 yards, a then-franchise record 35 touchdown passes with only 10 interceptions, completed 70.3 percent of his passes – the highest completion percentage of the 1990s, third all-time, and at the time, the best completion percentage by any quarterback with more than 400 attempts (later eclipsed by Drew Brees in 2009). Additionally, Young broke Joe Montana's single-season mark with a then-record 112.8 passer rating, and also once again demonstrated his great scrambling ability, accumulating another 289 yards and seven touchdowns on the ground. For his record-breaking season performances, Young was awarded his second AP NFL MVP award, becoming the seventh player in NFL history to win both league and Super Bowl MVP honors in the same season.

Later years and injuries

[edit]

In the three years following Super Bowl XXIX, the 49ers were eliminated in the playoffs each year by Brett Favre and the Green Bay Packers, twice in San Francisco. In addition to the early playoff exits, Young suffered a series of injuries that forced him to miss several games from 1995 to 1997. Young entered the 1998 season at age 37 and some began to wonder if his skills would diminish because of his history of injuries and a general decline in his game due to age. However, Young silenced all critics once again, putting up career numbers in passing yards (4,170) and passing touchdowns (36).[24] The 49ers finally beat Favre and the Packers in the NFC Wild Card Round that year, as Young threw the winning touchdown to wide receiver Terrell Owens with three seconds remaining to win the game 30–27.[25] In reference to Dwight Clark's legendary catch against the Dallas Cowboys in the 1981 NFC Championship Game, Owens's grab was called "The Catch II". A week later, however, Garrison Hearst broke his ankle on the 49ers' first play from scrimmage. Without the threat of a running game, Young threw three interceptions (the last one a Hail Mary pass with under 30 seconds remaining in the game) and the 49ers were defeated by the Atlanta Falcons 20–18.[26] Over that span of seasons from 1995 to 1998, Young led the NFL in passer rating twice (in 1996 and 1997), and led the NFL with 36 touchdown passes in 1998.[27][28][29]

Final Game and Injury

[edit]

On September 27, 1999, Young played on Monday Night Football at Sun Devil Stadium against the Arizona Cardinals, but left with just seconds remaining before halftime. Cornerback Aeneas Williams rushed in on a corner blitz from Young's blindside. Running back Lawrence Phillips was supposed to block on the play and protect Young's blindside from any incoming pass rushers, but failed to pick up the blitz. Young tried to dodge the oncoming pressure, but Williams delivered a hard, but clean blow, directly to his chest. Fellow cornerback J. J. McCleskey simultaneously dove into the back of his lower legs as he came off a block by tackle Dave Fiore.[30][31]

The combination of both hits with the blow to the chest sent Young falling backwards into the ground with the back of his head hitting Fiore's leg before it finally made impact with the turf. Young was knocked unconscious and laid motionless on the field with his eyes shut for several seconds as tackle Derrick Deese tugged at his jersey to try to revive him and help him up. Deese immediately waved his arms to call for assistance with team trainers and doctors quickly responding and running on the field with head coach Steve Mariucci and were able to quickly revive Young. After a few moments, Young walked off the field under his own power and remained on the sideline after returning from halftime and for the rest of the 49ers' 24–10 victory at the Cardinals. Young even tried to talk Mariucci into letting him re-enter the game at one point, but Mariucci refused and ruled him out for the game. Young donned a cap on the sidelines as Jeff Garcia stepped in his place.[30][32] While Philips put the game away with a 68-yard touchdown, the missed block led the 49ers to question his work ethic. It proved to be the beginning of the end of Philips' tenure in San Francisco; he was suspended in November for refusing to practice and never played for them again.[31]

"I was shocked, that was my sense of it. I was just shocked. I remember a flash and as I was going backwards, catching (tackle) Dave Fiore's knee and then the ground. And then mostly just resting for a second because I wanted to collect myself, but once I stood up, I felt I knew exactly what was going on and that's why my initial reaction was to go back into the game."[33]
(Reaction to the hit)

– Steve Young
(September 29, 1999)

In the following days, Young underwent MRIs and met with Dr. Gary Steinberg, the chief neurologist at Stanford Hospital, who treated Young's last concussion. Initially, he was expected to miss one to two weeks and still participated in practice.[30] This was the fourth severe concussion Young had suffered with the other three concussions occurring in between October 1996 and August 1997. He considered retirement following his last series of concussions and was urged to do so by his family.[33]

"The MRI did not show any of the so-called white spots, which are thought to be indicative of progressive brain trauma. So that was clear, but the doctor did recommend he sit out at least a week and possibly two. Steve is not in denial in terms of this concussion issue. He will follow the medical advice. He obviously has tremendous opportunities for life after football and he's not going to endanger that, but he happens to love the game and he wants to play. Right now, his focus is on still making this a winning season. Frankly, he wanted to play this week, but I guarantee you he won't."[30]

Leigh Steinberg
(Steve Young's Agent)

It was reportedly his second concussion in a season that was only three weeks old, and at least the seventh of his career. Following the season, the 49ers concluded that Young would never be medically cleared to play again, and told him that he would be released if he did not retire. Although Young was offered a job as the starting quarterback of the Denver Broncos (where his former offensive coordinator, Mike Shanahan, was the head coach), he retired because of his repeated concussions.[34][35] In a 2013 Frontline interview, Young said that, partially based upon their own experiences, he and many retired players are increasingly concerned about repeated concussions and subconcussive hits. Young is particularly concerned about certain positions that take frequent hits, such as running backs and linemen.[36]

Career statistics and records

[edit]

USFL career

[edit]
Year Team Games Passing Rushing
GP GS Cmp Att Pct Yds Avg TD Int Rtg Att Yds Avg TD
1984 L.A. Express 12 12 179 310 57.7 2,361 7.6 10 9 80.6 79 515 6.5 7
1985 L.A. Express 10 10 137 250 54.8 1,741 7.0 6 13 63.1 56 368 6.6 2
Career 22 22 316 560 56.4 4,102 7.3 16 22 72.8 135 883 6.5 9

NFL career

[edit]
Legend
AP NFL MVP
AP NFL MVP & OPOTY
Won the Super Bowl
Led the league
Bold Career high
Year Team Games Passing Rushing Sacks Fumbles
GP GS Record Cmp Att Pct Yds Avg TD Int Rtg Att Yds Avg TD Sck SckY Fum Lost
1985 TB 5 5 1–4 72 138 52.2 935 6.8 3 8 56.9 40 233 5.8 1 21 158 4 3
1986 TB 14 14 2–12 195 363 53.7 2,282 6.3 8 13 65.5 74 425 5.7 5 47 326 11 9
1987 SF 8 3 2–1 37 69 53.6 570 8.3 10 0 120.8 26 190 7.3 1 3 25 0 0
1988 SF 11 3 2–1 54 101 53.5 680 6.7 3 3 72.2 27 184 6.8 1 13 75 5 3
1989 SF 10 3 3–0 64 92 69.6 1,001 10.9 8 3 120.8 38 126 3.3 2 12 84 2 1
1990 SF 6 1 0–1 38 62 61.3 427 6.9 2 0 92.6 15 159 10.6 0 8 41 1 1
1991 SF 11 10 5–5 180 279 64.5 2,517 9.0 17 8 101.8 66 415 6.3 4 13 79 3 2
1992 SF 16 16 14–2 268 402 66.7 3,465 8.6 25 7 107.0 76 537 7.1 4 29 152 9 6
1993 SF 16 16 10–6 314 462 68.0 4,023 8.7 29 16 101.5 69 407 5.9 2 31 160 8 6
1994 SF 16 16 13–3 324 461 70.3 3,969 8.6 35 10 112.8 58 293 5.1 7 31 163 4 3
1995 SF 11 11 8–3 299 447 66.9 3,200 7.2 20 11 92.3 50 250 5.0 3 25 115 3 3
1996 SF 12 12 9–3 214 316 67.7 2,410 7.6 14 6 97.2 52 310 6.0 4 34 160 3 2
1997 SF 15 15 12–3 241 356 67.7 3,029 8.5 19 6 104.7 50 199 4.0 3 35 220 4 2
1998 SF 15 15 11–4 322 517 62.3 4,170 8.1 36 12 101.1 70 454 6.5 6 48 234 9 8
1999 SF 3 3 2–1 45 84 53.6 446 5.3 3 4 60.9 11 57 5.2 0 8 63 2 2
Career 169 143 94–49 2,667 4,149 64.3 33,124 8.0 232 107 96.8 722 4,239 5.9 43 358 2,055 68 49

Records and legacy

[edit]
Young (8) and Michael Irvin (88) playing in the ESPN Pro Bowl Skills Challenge in 2006

Although Young did not become the 49ers' first-string quarterback until his seventh NFL season, and he played a full season only thrice (all consecutively) during his 15-year career, Young had a significant impact on the NFL. A two-time league MVP, he completed 2,667 of 4,149 passes for 33,124 yards and 232 touchdowns, with 107 interceptions and 43 rushing touchdowns. Young's 96.8 career passer rating is the twelfth highest in NFL history and fourth highest among retired players, behind Tony Romo, Tom Brady, and Drew Brees. Young's 4,239 rushing yards are the sixth most ever gained by a quarterback, behind Michael Vick, Cam Newton, Russell Wilson, Lamar Jackson, and Randall Cunningham. At the time of his retirement, Young had the highest career passer rating ever, and only trailed Cunningham in rushing yards for a quarterback. He was the NFL's top rated passer in six different seasons and led the league in touchdown passes four times. In 20 postseason games, Young threw 20 touchdown passes with only 13 interceptions, and scored eight touchdowns on the ground. During his stint with the 49ers, Young passed for 29,907 yards, 221 touchdowns, and 86 interceptions, with a passer rating of 101.4, highest in franchise history. He was also sacked 290 times, also most in franchise history. From October 20, 1991, to October 1, 2023, Young held the franchise's highest single game completion rate of 90%, which he set against the Detroit Lions, until it was bested by Brock Purdy's 95.2% against the Arizona Cardinals.[37]

NFL records
  • Tenth highest passer rating, career, including active players – 96.8[3]
  • Fourth highest passer rating, career, retired players only – 96.8[3]
  • Eighth highest career completion percentage, retired players – 64.3%[38]
  • Most times led the league in passer rating, career – 6 (tied with Sammy Baugh)
  • Most consecutive times led the league in passer rating – 4 (1991–94)
  • One of seven QBs to lead the league in touchdown passes 4 times (tied w/ Johnny Unitas, Brett Favre, Peyton Manning, Tom Brady, Drew Brees, and Len Dawson)
  • Most TD passes, playoff game – 6 (tied w/ Daryle Lamonica & Tom Brady)[39]
  • Most TD passes in one Super Bowl – 6[40]


49ers records
  • Most average yards per attempt (20+ Atts) (Game): vs Detroit (12/19/93), 15.39
  • Most touchdown passes (season): 36 (1998)
  • Best completion percentage (season): 70.3 (1994)
  • Best passer rating (season): 112.8 (1994)
  • Most 300-yard passing games (season): 7 (1998)
  • Best passer rating (career): 101.4
  • Most consecutive games with a touchdown pass: 18, at Det. (10/9/94) to vs. StL (11/26/95) note: (DNP in 5 games in 1995)
  • Most rushing touchdowns by a quarterback (career): 43

In 1999, Young was ranked No. 63 on The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Football Players. Young was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame on February 5, 2005; he was the first left-handed quarterback to be so honored.[41] Young was enshrined August 7, 2005, and his induction speech was given by his father, LeGrande "Grit" Young.

The San Francisco 49ers had his No. 8 jersey retired during a halftime ceremony against the New England Patriots on October 5, 2008. Young was the 11th player in team history to receive this honor.[42] He is also the only 49er in team history to wear No. 8.[43]

Awards and honors

[edit]

NFL

[edit]

College

[edit]

Post-football

[edit]

Business career

[edit]
Young at ESPN's broadcast set for the 2009 NFL draft

In 1994, Young earned a Juris Doctor (J.D.) from BYU's J. Reuben Clark Law School.[50]

In 2000, Young gave the opening prayer at the Republican National Convention.[51]

In 2007, Young co-founded Huntsman Gay Global Capital (HGGC) with billionaire industrialist Jon M. Huntsman and former Bain Capital executive Robert C. Gay. After being involved in business ventures with the private equity firm, Young continued to serve as a managing director.[52]

In 2011, Young was one of several notable BYU athletes and coaches who appeared in the school's "Real Cougar" advertising campaign, which featured the individuals telling an actual cougar about being a "real cougar". In one of the ads, Young poked fun at himself:[53]

Young: I love BYU so much I even got my law degree here.
Cougar: (growls)
Young: Lawyers... I know.

As of 2022, Young has been serving as chairman of the board for Integrity Marketing Group[54] and his private equity firm, Huntsman Gay Global Capital, held a position in the partnership.[55]

Acting career

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Young has both performed dramatic roles and appeared as himself in a limited acting career. He appeared in one episode of Frasier and one episode of Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman (cast as Lois' former high school football quarterback boyfriend, Joe Maloy).[56] He also made a guest appearance as himself in the Dharma & Greg episode "Are You Ready for Some Football?" encouraging Dharma, the team's Number One Fan. In 1995, Young appeared as himself in the Season 6, Episode 12 episode of Beverly Hills, 90210. He also made cameo appearances in the LDS comedy The Singles Ward (2002) and in a season 5 episode of BYUtv's Studio C (2014). Young also made a guest appearance as himself in season 8 of the NBC comedy series Wings in the episode "Just Call Me Angel".

Young was supposed to receive a part in the 1998 movie There's Something About Mary - a role specifically written for him - but he turned it down. Instead it went to Brett Favre.[57]

Broadcasting career

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Young was laid off by ESPN on June 30, 2023, after being a fixture on ESPN's NFL studio shows, including “NFL Countdown,” for more than two decades. He was part of a round of layoffs that included many notable on-air personalities.[58]

Philanthropy

[edit]
Young speaking to Young Single Adults in 2009

Young serves as a National Advisor to ASCEND: A Humanitarian Alliance. This non-profit organization plans expeditions to African and South American countries to provide life skills mentoring with sustainable solutions in education, enterprise, health and simple technology.[59]

In 1993, Young founded a charitable foundation known as the Forever Young Foundation, which serves children facing significant physical, emotional, and financial challenges by providing academic, athletic, and therapeutic opportunities otherwise unavailable to them.[60][61]

Young also serves as the national spokesman for an organization founded by former Save Darfur Coalition executive director and founder, David Rubenstein.[62] Young began his affiliation with the organization in 2009, when he became the honorary league commissioner for their charitable dodgeball tournaments held on college campuses nationwide.[63][64]

Personal life

[edit]

Young is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (LDS Church).[65] He is a great-great-great-grandson of Brigham Young,[66] second president of the LDS Church, for whom BYU is named.

While at BYU, Young was a passenger in a car crash in which the driver, a family friend named Jill Simmons, died.[67][68][69][70] It is unclear if the driver had fallen asleep, or if she had died of an aneurysm, in advance of the crash.[71][72]

Young married his wife, Barbara Graham, in 2000. They have two sons and two daughters.[73] According to A Football Life, as his playing career ended before his eldest child was born, Young wrote his autobiography QB: My Life Behind the Spiral initially as a private memoir for his children. The book was published in 2016, with writer Jeff Benedict as coauthor.[74]

Young resides in the San Francisco Bay Area.[75]

See also

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Notes

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia

Jon Steven Young (born October 11, 1961) is an American former professional football who played for 15 seasons in the (), primarily with the after beginning his career with the . Young succeeded as the 49ers' starter, leading the team to a 49-26 victory over the in , where he threw a record six touchdown passes and earned MVP honors. He was named in 1992 and 1994, set numerous passing records including the highest career at the time of his retirement, and was inducted into the in 2005 as the first left-handed so honored. A known for his mobility and accuracy, Young also contributed significantly off the field as a licensed attorney, venture capitalist, and founder of the Forever Young Foundation supporting youth causes.

Early Life and Education

Childhood and Family Background

Jon Steven Young was born on October 11, 1961, in , , to LeGrande "Grit" Young, a former football player who later became a labor lawyer, and Sherry Young. As the eldest of five children in a devout family of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Young grew up alongside siblings Mike, Melissa, Tom, and Jim; his brothers Mike and Tom later played quarterback at BYU, while the family emphasized discipline and faith rooted in their heritage as great-great-great-granddescendants of church founder through his plural wife Emily Dow Partridge. The family relocated from to , around 1969–1970 when Young was eight years old, settling into a middle-class neighborhood where his parents fostered a supportive but non-pressurized environment for their children's pursuits, including early exposure to sports amid everyday family life. Young's upbringing reflected his father's resilient character—earning the nickname "Grit" for perseverance—and the couple's complementary temperaments, with Grit providing structured guidance and offering warmth, shaping a household that valued and personal grit over precocious athletic ambition.

High School Athletic Achievements

Young attended in , graduating in 1980, where he excelled as a multi-sport , primarily as for the , which emphasized his rushing ability over passing. During his high school career, he completed more than 40 percent of his passes for 1,220 yards while rushing for 1,928 yards, ranking second in the state in total offense. In his senior year of 1979, Young earned All-Fairfield County Interscholastic Athletic Conference (FCIAC) West Division First Team honors and Connecticut Interscholastic Athletic Conference (CIAC) All-State recognition as . That season, he rushed for 13 touchdowns and started as in the FCIAC Championship Game on Day, while leading the Cardinals to the state championship game. He served as co-captain of the in his senior year. In baseball, Young was co-captain of the Greenwich High team during his senior year, contributing as an and , though specific statistics from this period are not widely documented. He also participated in , co-captaining the team and averaging 15 points per game in his senior season, showcasing his versatility across sports. These achievements highlighted Young's early athletic prowess and leadership, setting the foundation for his recruitment to on a football scholarship.

College Career at Brigham Young University

Young attended , where he played for the Cougars from 1981 to 1983 under head coach , contributing to the program's emphasis on a pass-oriented offense. As a in 1981, he appeared in games with 53 rushing attempts for 233 net yards but no touchdowns, while his passing role was limited. In 1982, he emerged more prominently, rushing 114 times for 407 net yards and 10 touchdowns, alongside developing as a passer in the (WAC). Young's senior year in 1983 marked his breakout, leading BYU to an 11-1 regular-season record and topping national rankings in multiple categories: 3,802 passing yards, 306 completions, 33 touchdown passes, and a 71.3% completion percentage, the latter setting an NCAA single-season record at the time. He also rushed for 444 net yards and 8 touchdowns that year, contributing to a national-leading total offense of 4,346 yards. Over his career, Young set seven WAC records and broke 13 NCAA marks, including career passing efficiency metrics, while accumulating 7,733 passing yards, 56 passing touchdowns, 18 rushing touchdowns, and 2,659 rushing yards on 518 attempts. His college tenure culminated in the 1983 against on December 28, 1983, where BYU secured a 21-17 victory after Young caught a 4-yard pass from halfback Eddie Stowers with 0:00 remaining, clinching the win and capping a season that positioned the Cougars for strong national contention. Young earned unanimous honors, the as the nation's top , and finished second in voting behind Nebraska's . He also received Academic recognition for combining on-field performance with scholarly achievement.

Professional Football Career

United States Football League Tenure

Young signed with the Express of the in March 1984, shortly after concluding his college career at , to a 10-year contract reportedly worth $40 million—the largest in professional football at the time—offered by team owner J. William Oldenburg to secure him ahead of the NFL draft. The agreement featured significant deferred payments, with some reports extending obligations over 43 years until 2027, reflecting the USFL's aggressive bidding strategy amid competition with the established . In the 1984 spring season, Young started at for the Express, who compiled a 10-8 regular-season record and claimed first place in the Western Conference's Pacific Division with 338 points scored and 373 allowed. He passed for 2,361 yards that year, contributing to an offense led by receivers like Jo-Jo Townsell, who recorded 889 receiving yards. The Express advanced to the divisional playoffs, facing the on June 30, 1984, in a contest delayed by weather and lasting over four hours, though specific individual statistics from that game remain sparsely documented. The 1985 winter season marked a downturn for both Young and the Express amid the league's mounting financial instability and declining attendance. Young appeared in eight games, building on his prior experience in high-profile matchups against quarterbacks like of the on February 24, 1985, at the , and of the on March 10, 1985. The team struggled overall, contributing to the Express's eventual folding and the USFL's collapse following its antitrust lawsuit against the . Across his two USFL seasons, Young completed 316 of 560 passes for 4,102 yards, 16 touchdowns, and 22 interceptions while playing in 16 total games for the Express, gaining professional experience in a league characterized by high salaries but operational volatility. He departed the USFL after 1985, entering the via the in a supplemental draft, as the league's viability eroded.

Tampa Bay Buccaneers Stint

Young was selected by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers with the first overall pick in the 1984 NFL Draft, but delayed his NFL debut to play two seasons in the United States Football League with the Los Angeles Express. He joined the Buccaneers prior to the 1985 season, signing a then-record contract worth approximately $40 million over 10 years, though much of it was deferred and contingent on performance. In his NFL season of 1985, Young appeared in five games, starting none, completing 72 of 138 passes for 935 yards, three , and eight interceptions, with a of 56.9; he also rushed for 233 yards and one . finished 2–14, and Young saw limited action behind veteran quarterback . Young started all 14 games in 1986, completing 195 of 363 passes for 2,282 yards, eight , and 13 interceptions, yielding a of 65.5; he added 126 rushing yards and four rushing . The team again posted a 2–14 record, with Young going 3–16 as a starter overall in , contributing to perceptions of underwhelming performance amid a weak offensive line and supporting cast. Over his two seasons, he accumulated 3,217 passing yards, 11 , and 21 interceptions in 19 games, with a career of 63.1 for the franchise. On April 24, 1987, prior to the NFL Draft, the traded Young to the for a second-round pick (used to select first overall), a fourth-round pick, and $1 million in cash, as the team sought an immediate starter and viewed Young as a developmental prospect who had not met expectations. This move allowed to address immediate needs but later highlighted the franchise's regret, as Young flourished elsewhere while the team struggled for years under Testaverde and subsequent quarterbacks.

San Francisco 49ers Era

Young was acquired by the San Francisco 49ers via trade from the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on April 28, 1987, in exchange for a second-round draft pick in the 1987 NFL Draft. Initially positioned as the backup to incumbent starter Joe Montana, Young appeared in 11 games during the 1987 season, completing 62 of 98 passes for 815 yards, five touchdowns, and three interceptions, while also rushing for 168 yards and three scores. His mobility and left-handed throwing motion added a dynamic element to the 49ers' West Coast offense under head coach Bill Walsh and later George Seifert, though Montana remained the entrenched starter through the late 1980s. Over the next few seasons, Young contributed in relief roles and mop-up duty, amassing 1,546 passing yards and eight touchdowns from 1988 to 1990, while his rushing prowess—113 carries for 537 yards and five touchdowns—highlighted his dual-threat capability. The 49ers achieved playoff success during this period, including victories in (1989 season) and (1989 season), with Young serving as the primary backup.

Backup to Joe Montana and Resulting Quarterback Controversy

Young's tenure as Montana's understudy from 1987 to 1990 was marked by a growing quarterback controversy, fueled by Young's impressive showings in limited opportunities. During the 1987 NFL players' strike, Young started three games with replacement players, leading the 49ers to a 3-0 record while throwing 10 touchdown passes against one interception. These performances, combined with his athleticism and prior USFL experience, prompted public and media speculation about his potential to supplant Montana, the face of the franchise and a two-time Super Bowl MVP at that point. The debate intensified under coaches Walsh and Seifert, who occasionally employed a two-quarterback system to leverage Young's rushing ability alongside Montana's precision passing, but this approach bred frustration among players and media. , recovering from injuries and surgeries, viewed Young as a , leading to an "always awkward" dynamic that Young later described as lacking mutual support. Despite the tension, Seifert reaffirmed Montana as the starter post-1988 and seasons, citing his proven performance in high-stakes games. The controversy persisted until Montana's elbow injury in sidelined him, allowing Young greater snaps, though Montana reclaimed the starting role upon return in before ongoing health issues culminated in his trade.

Rise to Starter and MVP Seasons

Montana's lingering elbow injury from 1990 forced him to the bench midway through the 1991 season, elevating Young to full-time starter; he led the 49ers to a 10-6 record, throwing for 2,709 yards, 17 touchdowns, and 9 interceptions while rushing for 433 yards and 3 scores. Young solidified his role in 1992, capturing MVP honors after posting a league-leading 107.0 on 3,465 yards, 25 touchdowns, and only 9 interceptions, en route to a 14-2 regular season and NFC Championship appearance. Building on this momentum, Young repeated as MVP in 1994, directing a 13-3 campaign with franchise records in completions (324), attempts (461), and passes (35), alongside a 112.8 —the highest in league history at the time. His efficiency stemmed from precise short-to-intermediate throws exploiting the 49ers' elite receiving corps, including and John Taylor, and his ability to extend plays with his legs, rushing for 293 yards and 7 s that year. Montana's trade to the on April 20, 1993, removed the final obstacle, enabling Young's unchallenged primacy.

Super Bowl XXIX Triumph and Peak Performance

Culminating the 1994 season, Young orchestrated a dominant 49-26 victory over the in on January 29, 1995, at Joe Robbie Stadium in , earning game MVP honors with a Super Bowl-record six passes on 24-of-36 completions for 325 yards and no interceptions. The performance, which included scores to (three), , , and Amos Lawrence, validated Young's elite status and dispelled lingering doubts from his years. This outing represented Young's apex, blending surgical passing accuracy with the 49ers' defensive shutdown of Chargers quarterback , holding to 180 total yards. The win marked San Francisco's fifth title, underscoring Young's transition from controversial successor to franchise cornerstone.

Final Seasons, Injuries, and Retirement

Post-Super Bowl dominance waned due to accumulating injuries, particularly ; Young sustained his seventh reported on September 27, 1999, against the , when blitzed by , sidelining him for the remainder of the season. Earlier ailments, including knee issues in 1995 and rib fractures, limited his mobility and effectiveness, as evidenced by a 6-5 record in 1996 amid 2,388 passing yards and 14 touchdowns. Persistent post-concussion symptoms prompted placement on injured reserve in October 1999, effectively ending his playing career at age 38 after 13 seasons with the 49ers. Young announced retirement on June 9, 2000, citing health risks over diminished skills, having compiled 33,124 passing yards, 232 touchdowns, and a then-record 96.8 career with .

Backup to Joe Montana and Resulting Quarterback Controversy

On April 24, 1987, the acquired Steve Young from the in exchange for their second-round draft pick (No. 50 overall). The trade positioned Young as the backup to incumbent starter , whose precision passing had guided the 49ers to and XIX victories, amassing over 16,000 passing yards and 114 touchdowns by that point. Young's role was limited initially, with Montana starting all games when healthy, but Young's relief appearances revealed his dual-threat capabilities, including strong arm strength and elite mobility absent in Montana's game. Montana's recurring back injuries, stemming from a , provided Young opportunities to enter games early, often in the first quarter. In such spots during the 1987 regular season, Young completed 62 of 98 passes for 659 yards, three , and two interceptions, while rushing for 168 yards and a across eight appearances. These performances, marked by improvisational plays like a game-sealing 49-yard scramble in one victory, prompted early questions about Young's viability as a starter despite Montana's proven championship pedigree. The controversy escalated in the January 10, 1988, NFC Divisional Playoff against the Minnesota Vikings, when coach Bill Walsh, who had orchestrated the trade viewing Young as Montana's eventual successor, benched Montana midway through the third quarter after 12 completions on 26 attempts for 109 yards and an interception. Young entered with the 49ers trailing 20-3 but could not overcome the deficit, completing passes amid a 36-24 loss; the mid-game switch, unprecedented for a playoff contest involving a Super Bowl-winning quarterback, ignited media scrutiny and fan debate over whether Young's athleticism better suited the evolving West Coast offense. Into 1988, Walsh implemented a two-quarterback rotation for the first 10 games, with and Young alternating series, a that yielded mixed results and heightened interpersonal strain as both signal-callers vied for primacy. , intended to leverage Young's rushing (he added 112 yards on the ground that year) alongside Montana's efficiency, instead bred frustration, with Young later describing the dynamic as inherently awkward due to the zero-sum nature of the position. Walsh reverted to Montana full-time after the team reached 6-5, affirming the starter's role amid ongoing injury concerns, but the precedent set persistent questions about succession, pitting Montana's clutch reliability against Young's raw dynamism. This tension, rooted in empirical contrasts—Young's superior college metrics and USFL production versus Montana's four Pro Bowls by 1987—underscored the risks of grooming a high-upside backup while a remained active.

Rise to Starter and MVP Seasons

Following Joe Montana's elbow injury sustained during the 1990 offseason, which sidelined him for the entire 1991 season and most of 1992, Steve Young assumed the role of the San Francisco 49ers' starting quarterback in 1991. Young started 10 games that year, completing 180 of 279 passes for 2,517 yards, 17 touchdowns, and 8 interceptions, achieving a passer rating of 101.8. He also contributed significantly on the ground with 66 rushes for 415 yards and 4 touchdowns, helping the 49ers finish 10-6 overall despite Young's 5-5 record in his starts. This performance marked Young's emergence as a capable successor, though the team missed the playoffs. In 1992, Young solidified his position as the unquestioned starter after Montana's brief return in December 1992 yielded no further play from the veteran, who was traded to the in April 1993. Young led the in completion percentage (66.7%), passes (25), percentage, interception percentage, and yards per attempt, completing 268 of 402 passes for 3,465 yards, 25 s, and just 7 interceptions en route to a 107.0 . His rushing prowess added 76 carries for 537 yards and 4 scores, powering the 49ers to a 14-2 regular-season record and the title, though they fell in the . These efforts earned Young his first Most Valuable Player award, along with Offensive Player of the Year honors and First-Team selection. Young's dominance peaked in , when he set an single-season record for at 112.8, completing 324 of 461 passes (70.3%) for 3,969 yards, 35 touchdowns, and 10 interceptions. He complemented this aerial efficiency with 58 rushes for 293 yards and 7 rushing touchdowns, leading the 49ers to a 13-3 record, the crown, and a victory. This extraordinary season garnered Young his second MVP award, second Offensive Player of the Year nod, and MVP honors, affirming his status as one of the league's elite quarterbacks.

Super Bowl XXIX Triumph and Peak Performance

In the , Steve Young achieved his career pinnacle, guiding the to a 13-3 regular-season record while earning honors for the second time. He completed 324 of 461 passes for 3,969 yards, threw 35 touchdowns against 10 interceptions, and posted a then-record 112.8 , surpassing the previous mark set by his predecessor . Young's efficiency and dual-threat ability—adding 293 rushing yards and 7 rushing touchdowns—underscored his command of the under head coach , propelling the 49ers through the playoffs with decisive victories over the and . Super Bowl XXIX, held on January 29, 1995, at Stadium in , pitted the 49ers against the , with prevailing 49-26 to claim its fifth championship and first since 1989. Young delivered a masterful performance, completing 24 of 36 passes for 325 yards and a -record six touchdowns with zero interceptions, achieving a 134.8 . He also rushed for 49 yards on five carries, outgaining the Chargers' leading rusher , and distributed scoring passes to (three touchdowns), (two), and (one), exploiting San Diego's secondary throughout a game that saw the 49ers score on five of six first-half possessions. This output not only eclipsed Montana's passing records but affirmed Young's transition from backup to elite starter, silencing lingering doubts about his ability to lead in title games. Young's Super Bowl MVP award capped a postseason where he threw 10 touchdowns without an interception across three games, reflecting the zenith of his physical prime at age 33 and the 49ers' offensive dominance, which averaged 599 yards per game in the playoffs. The victory highlighted causal factors in his success, including a stable offensive line, elite receivers like (who caught 10 passes for 149 yards and three scores), and Young's improvisational scrambling, which neutralized the Chargers' led by . Despite the Chargers' late rally via two touchdown passes, the 49ers' early 28-0 lead proved insurmountable, cementing Young's legacy as the franchise's post-Montana quarterback exemplar.

Final Seasons, Injuries, and Retirement

Following the success of , Young's performance remained elite but was increasingly interrupted by injuries. In the 1995 season, he appeared in 11 games, completing 299 of 447 passes for 3,200 yards and 20 touchdowns before a shoulder injury sidelined him for five games, requiring at least four weeks of recovery. He continued to lead the league in in both 1996 and 1997, though a in 1997 caused him to miss one game. The 1998 season saw Young throw a league-high 36 touchdown passes at age 37, demonstrating sustained arm strength amid concerns about age-related decline. However, accumulating head trauma became the dominant issue; he had sustained multiple concussions, including his seventh documented one during his tenure with the 49ers. In 1999, Young started the first three games before suffering a severe concussion on September 27 against the Arizona Cardinals, triggered by a blindside blitz that ended his season and marked his fourth such injury in three years. The 49ers went 2-1 in his starts but struggled without him, finishing 4-12 overall. This injury, combined with prior head trauma, prompted Young to retire at age 38. He announced his decision on June 12, 2000, in the 49ers' locker room, stating that repeated concussions posed unacceptable health risks despite his belief in his ability to continue playing. Young retired as a 49er, having played 13 seasons with the team and prioritizing long-term well-being over potential further physical risks inherent to his mobile quarterback style.

Statistical Accomplishments and Records

NFL Passing and Rushing Metrics

Steve Young compiled 33,124 passing yards over 169 games, with 2,667 completions on 4,149 attempts, achieving a 64.3% completion rate, 232 touchdowns, 107 interceptions, and a 96.8 . His career yards per attempt stood at 8.0, reflecting efficient downfield passing, particularly during his prime with the from 1991 to 1999.
Passing MetricCareer Total
Completions2,667
Attempts4,149
Yards33,124
Touchdowns232
Interceptions107
Passer Rating96.8
Young's peak passing season came in 1994, when he threw for 3,969 yards, 35 touchdowns, and just 10 interceptions, posting a then-record 112.8 that led the league and earned him MVP honors. He led the in six times (1989–1992, 1994–1995), tying the record for most such instances by a . In 1993, he set a personal best with 4,023 yards and a 101.5 rating, contributing to the 49ers' strong regular-season performance. As a rusher, Young was exceptional for a , amassing 4,239 yards and 43 touchdowns on 512 carries across his tenure, often using designed runs and scrambles to extend plays. His 1992 season highlighted this dual-threat ability, with 433 rushing yards and 3 rushing touchdowns alongside his passing MVP campaign. Young's rushing touchdowns rank among the highest for quarterbacks historically, underscoring his mobility's role in his overall productivity.
Rushing MetricCareer Total
Attempts512
Yards4,239
Yards per Carry8.3
Touchdowns43
These metrics, particularly his high completion percentage and low interception rate relative to touchdowns (a 2.17 TD-to-INT ), distinguished Young as one of the most efficient passers of his era, though his totals were moderated by starting only 11 games before due to backing up .

All-Time Records and Comparative Legacy

Young retired with the NFL's highest career of 96.8, a mark that ranked first among all quarterbacks at the time and currently places him 13th all-time. This efficiency metric underscores his precision passing, with a 64.3% completion rate on 4,987 attempts for 33,124 yards, 232 touchdowns, and 107 interceptions over 15 NFL seasons. He also led the league in a record six times (1989–1992, 1994, 1997), surpassing contemporaries like and Dan Marino in per-game efficiency during peak years. In single-season achievements, Young's 1994 campaign stands out, where he posted a then-record 112.8 , completing 70.3% of passes for 3,969 yards and 35 s en route to MVP honors. That year, he also set a franchise record for the 49ers with 424 total yards in a playoff game against the . Additionally, in on January 29, 1995, Young threw a then-record six passes, completing 24 of 36 attempts for 325 yards in a 49–26 victory over the , earning MVP. His mobility added unique value, amassing 4,239 rushing yards and 43 rushing s—once the all-time QB mark for scores—highlighting a dual-threat style rare for his era. Comparatively, Young's legacy excels in efficiency over volume leaders like Marino or , with era-adjusted metrics ranking him above in productivity despite the latter's four wins to Young's one. His 96.8 rating outpaces 's 92.3 and Elway's 79.9, reflecting superior ball security and , though his career totals lag due to three ineffective seasons in (1985–1987, 11 TDs vs. 33 INTs) and initial backup role behind . Among modern dual-threat predecessors, Young's 5.9 yards per carry rivals elite runners like , but his passing prowess elevates him in all-time quarterback assessments, often slotted 10th–15th behind multi-ring icons like Brady and yet ahead of single-title winners like Elway. This positions Young as a peak-dominant performer whose statistical dominance in the pass-heavy cemented Hall of Fame induction in 2005, though debates persist on whether his backup delay and injury-plagued finale (1998–1999) curtailed greater accumulation.
MetricYoung's Rank/RecordNotes
Career Passer Rating13th (96.8)Highest at retirement; 4th among retired QBs.
Single-Season Passer RatingRecord-setter (112.8, 1994)Stood until rule changes favored later eras.
Super Bowl TD Passes (Single Game)Record (6, 1995)Unmatched in championship play.
QB Rushing TDs (Career)Former record (43)Pioneered mobile QB .

Awards and Recognitions

Professional Honors

Steve Young received numerous accolades during his career, highlighting his exceptional performance as a . He was named the Most Valuable Player in and , seasons in which he led the league in and passes. Additionally, Young earned the AP Offensive Player of the Year award three consecutive years from to , recognizing his dominance in passing efficiency and overall offensive output. Young was selected to the seven times in a row, from 1992 through 1998, reflecting consistent elite-level play. He garnered first-team honors from the in 1992, 1993, and 1994, followed by second-team selections in 1995, 1997, and 1998. In on January 29, 1995, Young was named MVP after throwing a record six touchdown passes in the ' 49-26 victory over the . His contributions extended to two earlier championships as a to in XXIII and XXIV. Young's legacy was cemented with his induction into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2005, acknowledging his career passer rating of 96.8, the highest at the time of retirement. The San Francisco 49ers retired his jersey number 8 on October 19, 2008, during a halftime ceremony against the Seattle Seahawks.

Collegiate and Other Accolades

Young played college football at Brigham Young University (BYU) from 1981 to 1983 after redshirting in 1980. In his senior season of 1983, he led BYU to an 11-1 record, passing for 3,902 yards and 33 touchdowns while rushing for 544 yards, and he set an NCAA single-season record with a 71.3% completion percentage on 306 completions. That year, Young led the nation in total offense (4,346 yards), passing yards (3,802), completions (306), touchdown passes (33), and completion percentage. He received the as the nation's top in 1983, was named unanimous All-American, and finished second in voting behind Nebraska's . Young earned (WAC) Player of the Year honors, was a two-time All-WAC selection, and set seven WAC records along with 13 NCAA records during his career. Over 31 games at BYU, he accounted for 74 total touchdowns, including career totals of 7,733 passing yards, 56 passing touchdowns, 1,048 rushing yards, and 18 rushing touchdowns. Academically, Young was recognized as a first-team Academic All-American while majoring in , and he received the NCAA Award for exemplifying outstanding character, academics, and athletics, along with a postgraduate . Post-college, he was inducted into the in 2001 for his BYU achievements. Young also participated in the 1984 and Japan Bowl all-star games following his senior season.

Post-Retirement Pursuits

Following his retirement from the in 2000, Steve Young, who earned a from in 1994 while actively playing for the , became a licensed attorney in but did not pursue traditional legal practice. Instead, he applied his legal training to business negotiations and deal-making, viewing it as a strategic fallback developed during uncertain periods of his football career when starting opportunities were limited. In 2007, Young co-founded HGGC, a Palo Alto, California-based , alongside partners , Bob Gay, and Rich Lawson, focusing on middle-market investments across sectors like , healthcare, and consumer goods. As cofounder, chairman, and management partner, he has overseen the firm's growth to manage more than $6.9 billion in cumulative capital commitments by 2025, emphasizing disciplined value creation and operational improvements in portfolio companies. Young's approach draws parallels between quarterback decision-making and risk assessment, prioritizing long-term partnerships over short-term gains. HGGC's structure includes philanthropic elements tied to Young's interests; a portion of the firm's proceeds supports the Forever Young Foundation, which he founded to advance education and youth development initiatives. This integration reflects Young's post-NFL strategy of blending financial acumen with social impact, though he has maintained a low-profile lifestyle despite substantial wealth accumulation from investments.

Media and Broadcasting Involvement

Following his retirement from the in 1999, Steve Young entered in 2000 by joining ABC Sports as an analyst for NFL coverage. He transitioned to in 2001 as a full-time NFL studio analyst, contributing to programs such as NFL Live and providing commentary on telecasts, pre-game analysis, and special events including halftime and post-game shows. Young's analytical style emphasized decision-making and offensive strategies, drawing from his experience leading the to a victory. In addition to television, Young co-hosted a sports on San Francisco's KNBR, engaging listeners with discussions on NFL topics and Bay Area sports. His broadcasting career spanned over two decades, during which he occasionally voiced reservations about full commitment to the role amid other professional pursuits, as noted in a 2017 interview where he admitted divided focus between media duties and business ventures. Young's ESPN tenure concluded in June 2023 when he was laid off amid the network's broader cost-reduction efforts affecting approximately 20 on-air personalities. Post-layoff, he shifted emphasis to youth football but has continued select media appearances, including interviews on platforms like .

Investments and Entrepreneurial Activities

Following his NFL retirement in 2000, Steve Young transitioned into , co-founding HGGC (formerly Holliday Global Growth Capital) in 2007 alongside partners including Rich Lawson, , and Bob Gay. The Palo Alto-based firm focuses on middle-market companies with annual revenues between $100 million and $1 billion, targeting sectors such as software, , and automotive. As co-founder, managing director, and chairman, Young has served on HGGC's executive, investment, and valuation committees, contributing to over $7 billion in cumulative capital commitments across multiple funds and more than 600 portfolio investments with a combined enterprise value exceeding $70 billion. Young chairs the boards of several HGGC portfolio companies, including IDERA (database management software), (title insurance and escrow services), DealerFX (digital retailing for automotive dealerships), (customer relationship management for auto dealers), and Innovative Funding Services ( financing). His involvement leverages an athlete network for deal sourcing and operational insights, applying NFL-honed principles of preparation, adaptability, and to mergers, acquisitions, and growth strategies. HGGC's approach emphasizes co-investments and partnerships with family offices and institutional limited partners, reflecting Young's post-career emphasis on long-term value creation over short-term gains. Beyond HGGC, Young made an early-stage investment in , the online ticket resale platform, which facilitated its $310 million acquisition by on January 10, 2007. More recently, he invested in Rhone, a performance-oriented men's apparel brand founded in 2014, supporting its expansion amid growing demand for premium activewear. These personal ventures underscore Young's strategy of backing scalable consumer and technology-driven enterprises, often drawing on his sports industry connections for strategic guidance.

Coaching and Mentorship Roles

In 2023, following his departure from , Steve Young joined the coaching staff at in , as an assistant coach for the varsity girls' team, assisting John Paye, a former teammate. The team achieved a 15-1 record in its inaugural season, with Young emphasizing fundamentals drawn from his experience, such as play-calling and seven-on-seven adaptations of 49ers offenses. Young's involvement stemmed from a desire to coach his daughters' team, leading him to advocate for girls' as a pathway to Olympic competition and broader participation, describing it as a inherently suited to female athletes due to its non-contact nature and strategic demands. On October 11, 2025, the 49ers Foundation appointed Young as Honorary Captain of Girls , positioning him as an ambassador to expand the sport through initiatives like "Football is Made for Girls," which includes clinics, equipment donations, and partnerships to increase female youth involvement in and beyond. This role builds on his experience, where he has continued coaching to foster skill development and enthusiasm among high school players. Beyond formal coaching, Young has undertaken informal mentorship of quarterbacks, particularly with the 49ers. In 2022, he reportedly provided guidance to then-rookie on mechanics and decision-making during off-field sessions. Similarly, Young has engaged with through direct conversations on transitions, scrambling techniques, and the pressures of leading the franchise, including public advice in 2025 for Purdy to refine mobility while preserving health. These interactions reflect Young's role as an alumni advisor, leveraging his left-handed expertise and Super Bowl-winning tenure to support successors without official staff affiliation. Young also contributes to broader mentorship efforts via the Women's Coaching Alliance leadership team, where his involvement promotes for female coaches across , drawing on his executive experience in private equity alongside football insights. This advisory capacity aligns with his post-retirement emphasis on accessible, high-impact guidance over traditional hierarchical coaching structures.

Philanthropic Efforts

Primary Causes and Organizations

Steve Young founded the Forever Young Foundation in 1993, a dedicated to providing hope and resources to children confronting physical, emotional, and financial adversities, with an emphasis on fostering their development, resilience, and . Co-chaired with his wife, Barbara Young, the foundation prioritizes initiatives in , , and recreation tailored to under-resourced youth and communities. Key programs include Sophie's Places, which establish environments for children managing chronic illness, pain, or injury; Forever Young Zones, offering recreational play areas within pediatric hospitals; and 8 to 80 Zones, featuring technology, gaming, and labs accessible to patients of all ages. Additional efforts encompass Forever Young Wellness for emotional support resources, Engage Now for constructing schools and expanding youth opportunities on the continent, and a Nonprofit that disburses grants to allied charities. The foundation's primary causes center on alleviating hardships for seriously ill, disadvantaged, and special-needs children through therapeutic, educational, and experiential interventions that promote healing and normalcy. It extends support via a network of partner organizations, including the Anasazi Foundation, which delivers nature-based programs to mend family bonds and aid youth recovery; Red Barn Academy, emphasizing farm-based rehabilitation for individuals with substance dependencies; Taylor Family Foundation, assisting children with life-threatening conditions or disabilities since 1991; and Wasatch Adaptive Sports, facilitating adaptive athletics such as for children with . These affiliations underscore Young's commitment to holistic child welfare, channeling resources toward evidence-based programs that address root challenges like isolation, trauma, and limited access to enriching activities. Young has also contributed to broader efforts, such as for pediatric cancer treatment, for granting wishes to ill children, and for autism awareness and support.

Measurable Impacts and Motivations

The Forever Young Foundation, established by Steve Young in 1993, has provided grants totaling $2,946,009 in 2023 alone to support programs aiding children with physical, emotional, and financial challenges. The organization reports serving 15,000 children in its most recent fiscal year, up from 12,500 the prior year, through initiatives including recreational zones in U.S. children's hospitals, via Sophie's Places, and technology labs in under-resourced communities. In , partnerships with Engage Now Africa have facilitated construction and expansions in countries such as , , , and , addressing , illiteracy, and while delivering , and athletic resources to thousands annually. Over 94 percent of donations are directed to programs, contributing to the foundation's consistent four-star rating from for accountability and impact. Young's motivations for these efforts stem from a commitment to equipping disadvantaged youth with tools for development, strength, and self-improvement, reflecting his emphasis on resilience and opportunity as learned from his athletic career. He has articulated a of communal responsibility, stating that " to raise a kid," underscoring the foundation's focus on holistic support for children overlooked by broader systems. Influenced by his experiences overcoming personal anxieties and a faith-based centered on service and , Young prioritizes interventions that foster emotional wellness and long-term independence, such as therapeutic play and skill-building zones co-developed with figures like . This approach avoids , instead emphasizing through and to break cycles of disadvantage.

Personal Life and Principles

Family Dynamics and Relationships

Steve Young was born on October 11, 1961, in , to LeGrande "Grit" Young, a former player at (BYU), and Sherry Young. His father emphasized discipline and perseverance, exemplified by a family rule conveyed during Young's early struggles as an eighth-string : individuals could quit an endeavor but would not be welcomed back home, fostering resilience amid competitive family expectations. The Youngs raised six children in a close-knit household with strong athletic and academic orientations, as most siblings attended BYU, mirroring their father's alma mater. Young's younger brothers, Mike and Tom, followed him as quarterbacks at BYU but saw limited playing time, highlighting the family's pattern of pursuing amid high internal standards. Young's marital history reflects deliberate selectivity aligned with his religious commitments. He was engaged twice prior to marriage—once in 1986 and again in 1996—before meeting , a former model and summa cum laude graduate of , on a arranged by mutual friends approximately 18 months before their wedding. The couple married on March 14, 2000, in the newly dedicated Kona Hawaii Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, marking the site's first such ceremony; Young was 38, and Graham was 31 at the time. Their union produced four children—two sons and two daughters—whom Young has described as central to his post-retirement fulfillment, likening family management to team leadership dynamics from his football career. Family interactions underscore themes of mutual support and shared values, with Young actively engaging in his children's activities, such as coaching his daughters' high school team in 2023, which he viewed as an extension of his competitive past while prioritizing domestic harmony. He has publicly affirmed the primacy of this "sublime" family life, crediting it with providing stability after professional pressures, though earlier anxieties about forming a compatible partnership delayed family expansion until his late 30s. The Youngs maintain regarding specific child details, focusing publicly on relational principles like perseverance inherited from paternal influences.

Religious Faith and Its Influence

Steve Young is a lifelong member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, a into which he was born and which forms the core of his personal identity. As the great-great-great-grandson of , the church's second president, Young's heritage ties him directly to early Mormon leadership, influencing his upbringing in where his family maintained strong religious observance despite being a minority. He has described the gospel's principles as plain yet profoundly impactful, providing daily inspiration for ethical living and decision-making. Although Young initially delayed a full-time mission due to spiritual unpreparedness rather than football commitments—contrary to common assumptions—he ultimately served a two-year proselytizing mission after his freshman year at , stepping away from athletics to fulfill this church expectation for young men. This experience reinforced his commitment to faith amid professional pressures, as he later balanced demands with continued religious practice, including earning a from BYU in 1994 while playing, attending classes the day after victory. His faith shaped his on-field conduct, positioning him as an ambassador for the church through exemplary behavior and avoidance of scandals common in sports. Young's religious convictions profoundly influenced his family life and post-career pursuits; a priesthood from church in the 1990s prompted renewed temple worship, leading to his 2005 marriage to in an LDS temple and the raising of their six daughters in the . He frequently addresses church audiences, emphasizing as a "walk" guiding life over idolizing sports figures, and in 2022 published The Law of Love, applying Christ's teachings to modern challenges like and relationships. Young credits his Mormon beliefs with fostering resilience, ethical investing, and , viewing as the "ultimate game-changer" that transcends athletic success.

Health Struggles and Resilience

Throughout his career, Steve Young endured repeated , totaling seven documented instances that significantly impacted his playing time and decision-making. These included milder "grade one" causing , which he experienced multiple times, as well as more severe hits, such as the blindside blitz by of the on September 27, 1999, during a game that marked his final professional appearance and resulted in another . Young continued competing at an elite level despite these setbacks, earning MVP honors in 1992 and 1994, and leading the to a victory in 1995, demonstrating short-term resilience through medical clearance and determination to return to the field. The cumulative toll of these head traumas ultimately prompted Young's retirement announcement on June 9, 2000, at age 38 (though he had not played since 1999), driven by fears of irreversible brain damage rather than declining performance or other factors. In subsequent reflections, Young has described the "awful" and "scary" long-term effects of subconcussive hits and repeated trauma, noting that he prioritized preserving cognitive function over continued play. Post-, he has exhibited resilience by transitioning successfully into , media analysis, and advocacy, avoiding the severe neurodegenerative outcomes like (CTE) that have afflicted some peers, such as former teammate , whose 2022 suicide Young attributed to CTE-related struggles. Young's advocacy underscores his proactive approach to health management, including calls for improved protocols, better CTE treatments, and recognition of "silent suffering" among players from undetected neck injuries mimicking symptoms. He has publicly urged a "sea change" in football's handling of brain injuries, drawing from personal experience to advise current players like on weighing career risks against preservation. This shift from on-field endurance to off-field influence highlights Young's resilience, as he has maintained professional productivity without apparent debilitating effects from his injuries, while contributing to broader awareness of prevention.

References

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