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Pluto TV
Pluto TV
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Pluto TV is an American free ad-supported streaming television service owned and operated by the Paramount Skydance Direct-to-Consumer division of Paramount Skydance.[1] Founded by Tom Ryan, Ilya Pozin and Nick Grouf in 2013 and based in Los Angeles, California,[2] Pluto is available in the Americas and Europe. It primarily offers content through digital linear channels designed to emulate the experience of traditional broadcast programming.[3][4] The service's revenue is generated from video advertisements seen during programming within commercial breaks structured similarly to those found on conventional television.[5]

Key Information

Pluto licenses its content directly from providers; as of March 2020, it had deals with 170 content partners providing approximately 425 channels and 100,000 unique hours worth of programming.[6] In October 2020, Pluto TV became part of the newly created ViacomCBS Streaming (renamed Paramount Streaming in February 2022), both to be led by Pluto TV CEO Tom Ryan.[7][8] Its content is available via its website and mobile apps on Android and iOS operating systems. As of April 2023, Pluto TV has a total of 80 million monthly active users.[9]

Pluto TV has live channels based on Viacom properties like Nickelodeon, MTV, and Comedy Central since being acquired by the company. Aside from the Viacom channels, Pluto has licensed channels from companies like Crunchyroll and original channels like Pluto TV True Crime. Since Viacom's merger with CBS Corporation, Pluto is a sister service to Paramount+ (previously known as CBS All Access) since March 2021. After the merger, CBS News 24/7 and CBS Sports HQ became live TV channels on Pluto.

History

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Early years (2014–2019)

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Pluto TV first launched its beta website on March 31, 2014, and was co-founded by chairman and CEO Nick Grouf, Tom Ryan, and Ilya Pozin.[10][11] Pluto TV was originally developed to provide curated channels of existing online content, offering a slate of nearly 100 categorized channels featuring content aggregated from various video-sharing platforms (including YouTube, Vimeo, and Dailymotion) as well as additional content provided through partnerships with original web content services and television networks (including Funny or Die, QVC, Refinery29, RocketJump and TYT Network).[10] The service was initially owned by Pluto Inc., which, during the second half of 2013 and early 2014, had raised $13 million in series A funding from investors that included Universal Music Group, Sky plc, UTA Ventures, and venture capital firms U.S. Venture Partners (USVP), QueensBridge Venture Partners, Pritzker Group Venture Capital, Luminari Capital, Great Oaks Venture Capital and Chicago Ventures.[5][12] On May 14, 2014, Pluto unveiled a digital video recorder feature on its website known as "myPluto"; users could "record" content by clicking a "save show" button that would archive content from the channel as it played.[13]

On July 1, 2015, Pluto TV announced that it had signed a deal with Hulu (now Disney-owned) to distribute the ad-supported video content available for free on Hulu's website including current-season episodes of programs from ABC, NBC and Fox, recent and older classic television series, and domestic and foreign animated programs. Under the arrangement, Hulu handled advertising for content made available through Pluto TV. In the weeks preceding the Hulu deal, Pluto TV had separately reached content agreements with AOL, Endemol Beyond USA, Shout! Factory, Jukin Media and YouTube content channels Devin SuperTramp, Multicom, Around the World in 4K and Amazing Places on Our Planet to distribute their programming on the service.[14][15][16][17] In October 2015, 20 additional channels featuring content from AwesomenessTV, Cracked, IGN, Just for Laughs, Legendary Digital Networks, Newsy, The Onion and DHX Media (now as WildBrain) were brought onto the service's lineup, bringing the total number of curated channels offered by Pluto to around 120.[18]

On May 15, 2016, Pluto TV signed an agreement with Sony to make the Pluto TV app available on the PlayStation Store for download by users of the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4. In 2016, Pluto Inc. raised $30 million in series B venture capital funding from ProSiebenSat.1 Media, Scripps Networks Interactive, and venture capital firms Luminari Capital, Chicago Ventures and Third Wave Ventures, valuing the company at $140 million. The round was led by German television network ProSieben, with additional funding from telecommunications company Sky UK.[5] On April 30, 2017, Pluto Inc. added a chief programming officer role, appointing Robert Magdlen—who formerly served as senior vice president of program strategy and acquisitions for the NBCUniversal-owned E! and as a production executive for WBD-based TNT—in the post, handling responsibilities for programming and channel development from the company's LA headquarters.[19]

On May 15, 2017, Pluto TV launched a traditional video-on-demand offering, consisting a large library of films and television series licensed from such distributors as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Lionsgate, Warner Bros.,[20] Viacom (which acquired the service itself two years later), Sony Pictures,[21] Fremantle, Monstercat, King Features Syndicate along with two Canadian studios, Nelvana and DHX that are made available for individual viewing to Pluto users.[22][23] Variety reported that as of May 2017, the service was averaging 6 million users per month,[24] and, as of October 2017, it was rated one of the most-watched Roku Channels on Roku.[25]

By October 2017, Pluto TV reached over 15 million users. On October 17 of that year, Pluto TV announced that it received a $5-million investment from Samsung Venture Investment Corporation as part of an $8.3 million round of funding raised by various investors.[26] On March 15, 2018, Pluto TV entered into a partnership with SpotX to provide advertising monetization services for Pluto, including engendering sales from media buyers breaking into over-the-top content services.[27] On July 19, 2018, Pluto TV announced an agreement with Sony Pictures Television to stream over 200 movies and TV shows from Sony Pictures.[21] On August 1, 2018, Vizio launched a new ad-supported streaming platform powered by Pluto TV, called WatchFree. This service is built into several models of Vizio's line of Internet-connected smart TVs, particularly those supporting its SmartCast operating system, and is advertised as having "an easy-to-navigate, cable-like interface".[28]

On October 1, 2018, Pluto TV expanded into parts of Europe, with the launch of a platform on Sky's Now TV service in the UK, offering an initial slate of more than 12 curated channels.[29] Also in October 2018, Pluto TV picked Tru Optik to help with advertising inventory.[30] On December 4, 2018, Pluto TV launched a regional service in Germany and Austria, also through a separate collaborative agreement with Sky, with the app's content made available initially via the Sky TV stick; the German/Austrian service originally incorporated a slate of 15 streaming channels (consisted of both Pluto-exclusive services with both German and English-language content as well as channels compiled by third-party content providers).[31][32]

Purchase by Viacom/Paramount Global/Paramount Skydance ownership (2019–present)

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On January 22, 2019, Viacom (with CBS re-merging months later) announced its intention to acquire Pluto TV for $340 million.[33][34] Viacom's plans for Pluto TV included using the service as a marketing tool for its portfolio of linear media brands (including incorporating more licensed content from Viacom-owned properties) and to serve as a distribution outlet for its in-house digital content brands (such as AwesomenessTV), expanding the service into Latin America, and entering into partnerships with internet and mobile providers to cross-promote the service, and offer advertising inventory and revenue sharing.[35] The deal was completed on March 4, 2019.[36] On March 18, 2019, Viacom (through its Viacom International Media Networks (VIMN) unit) announced plans to launch Pluto TV worldwide; VIMN President James Currell explained that the company believed the global Subscription Video on Demand (SVOD) sector was "becoming too crowded and capital intensive," choosing to focus on building scale through ad-supported streaming platforms.[37]

On May 1, 2019, Pluto introduced branded channels based on Viacom Media Networks-owned cable outlets and other Viacom properties, including content from Paramount Pictures (films only), Nickelodeon (kid-aimed), BET (African American-aimed), Comedy Central, VH1, Logo, TV Land and MTV (music-aimed), along with Spike-branded channels based on the network's past formats of men's interest and outdoors programming. The free channels are not simulcasts of their namesake networks, as contractual restrictions with traditional pay television providers prevent it from distributing the full linear feeds, but instead focus primarily on archival content and series that Pluto TV has acquired from other content providers.[38][39][40][41] Some of these branded services are direct offshoots of their linear counterparts, while others (such as CMT, Cheer 24/7, TV Land Sitcoms, TV Land Drama, MTV Teen, VH1: I Love Reality, and Nickelodeon offshoots Dora TV[42] and Totally Turtles[41]) maintain theme formats offering specialty programming owned by Viacom and other program library partners.

On June 13, 2019, Pluto TV was launched on Comcast's Xfinity X1 cable boxes.[43] On July 1, 2019, the service launched a Spanish-language programming tier, Pluto TV Latino, consisting initially of eleven Spanish and Portuguese-language channels (including two sports-focused channels, Lucha Libre and Combate World, that were previously assigned to the service's main sports tier) that incorporate programming originally produced natively in those languages and Spanish-dubbed versions of English and Portuguese programs.[44]

Pluto TV's logo used from 2016 until March 1, 2020; a variant featuring the "TV" dot in the same size as the rest of the text was used from 2018 until the second logo was introduced.

On August 13, 2019, National Amusements announced that Viacom and CBS Corporation—which had split into two separate companies in 2005, five years after the original Viacom first acquired CBS's assets—would recombine their assets into a singular entity to be named ViacomCBS in a deal valued at up to $15.4 billion.[45][46][47] Following the announcement, Deadline Hollywood, citing sources within the company, identified Pluto TV as a potential outlet for CBS streaming content. Pluto had recently carried CBS News's CBSN, and technology and video-game-oriented CNET Video.[48] Additional channels from CBS, including the New York and Los Angeles services, and an Entertainment Tonight-branded entertainment news channel (ET Live), were added to the service on November 13, 2019, prior to the completion of the merger.[49]

Pluto TV's logo used from January 7, 2020, to January 28, 2024. Still in use on hourly idents of some channels.

In September 2019, Pluto TV became available on mobile platforms in four European countries: Germany, Austria, Switzerland and the UK; the service first became available in those countries on iOS and Apple TV devices on September 6, and on Android devices on September 24.[50][51] By November 2019, the service was estimated to have 20 million monthly active users.[52]

On February 3, 2020, ViacomCBS announced that Pluto TV would launch in Latin America at the end of March, offering 17 channels available in two languages, Spanish and Portuguese at launch; additional channels would be added on a monthly basis with more than 80 channels expected to be available by the end of 2020. Alongside content carried by ViacomCBS Networks International-owned local versions of its corporate parent's US media properties, co-owned Argentine network Telefe and Porta dos Fundos would also provide content for the service.[53][54] The service was expected to launch in Brazil in December 2020,[55] but was anticipated and was launched on November 17, 2020.[56]

In January 2020, Pluto TV unveiled a new logo at CES 2020, and later unveiled a redesign of its Apple iOS apps, which included a new channel guide and on-demand menu interface.[57][58] The redesigned interface—finally removes the new logo—was rolled out to the website and desktop app the following day on February 21, its Roku app on February 26, and Android devices and other platforms on March 2.[59][60]

On February 20, 2020, ViacomCBS estimated that Pluto TV generated a monthly average of 22 million viewers in the fourth quarter of 2019, with expectations of its user base reaching 30 million monthly viewers by December 2020. The company also announced that Pluto content would be incorporated into a revamped version of CBS All Access, which would also add content from ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks cable properties, Paramount Pictures and CBS Television Distribution. ViacomCBS CEO Bob Bakish stated that Pluto TV—which will remain a free, standalone offering—would be part of the company's refocusing on three core streaming services, alongside the subscription-based CBS All Access and Showtime's OTT service, which would act as its mid-level and premium offerings and which Pluto will also be used to upsell along with ViacomCBS's other niche streaming platforms.[61][62][63][64]

On July 9, 2020, the service launched an app for Virgin Media customers in the UK.[a] On October 8 of that same year, ViacomCBS announced Pluto TV's launch in Spain, Italy and France, with 40 channels and thousands of hours of on-demand content.[65]

On July 17, 2021, Pluto TV added several new channels including News 12 New York, Pluto TV Home, and Professional Bull Riders' RidePass.[66] A deal made between Pluto TV and PBR allowed for Pluto TV to be the exclusive home to RidePass content.[67]

On September 29, 2021, Pluto TV's parent ViacomCBS agreed to pay $3.5 million and enter into a consent decree with the FCC to provide clear and accessible closed captioning, which would often not be passed down to the consumer via Pluto TV apps or websites despite either being part of a program already or being captioned by the live programming provider. The FCC's determined the service had not implemented proper and visible settings to allow the passthrough of captions, removed captioning capabilities, and did not maintain email or telephone captioning support hotlines required by the FCC to address viewer complaints. Under FCC rules, all nonexempt full-length video programming delivered over the Internet must present closed captions if originally aired over American television with captioning, if the programming had previously been shown on television in the U.S. with captions. This effectively applies to most television programming created after 1984, along with the 1990 Television Decoder Circuitry Act of 1990, which mandated a requirement for captions to be accessible on all but the smallest televisions.[68]

On November 29, 2021, ViacomCBS announced that Pluto TV would launch in Sweden, Norway and Denmark by 2022 as part of a joint venture with Nordic Entertainment Group, phasing out the company's existing AVOD service Viafree upon launch.[69] On March 16, 2022, it was announced that the launch date of Pluto TV in the three countries will be on May 18, 2022.[70]

On February 16, 2022, Pluto TV's parent company, ViacomCBS Streaming, was renamed to Paramount Streaming, in-line with the rebranding of parent company ViacomCBS to Paramount Global.[71]

On May 18, 2022, Pluto TV was launched in the Nordics through a partnership with Viaplay Group (formerly called Nordic Entertainment Group).[72] On July 13, 2022, Pluto TV added five new channel categories: Game Shows, Daytime TV, Home, Food, and Lifestyle & Culture, and two new channels: Let's Make a Deal and The Judge Judy Channel.[73] Additional channels devoted to Jeopardy! and Wheel of Fortune were added in August 2022.[74]

On September 1, 2022, Pluto TV launched two new channels, the 2K-themed movie channel, dubbed "00s Replay", and The Ed Sullivan Show. More channels were added throughout the month: CSI: Miami and its spin-off CSI: NY, launched on September 13, 60 Minutes launched on September 24, and Hallmark Movies & More and Rachael Ray launched on September 26.[75] On October 31, 2022, Pluto TV announced that it would add 6,300 episodes of classic CBS-distributed series to its on-demand library by the end of 2022, including Cheers, Criminal Minds, Frasier, and Star Trek.[76]

On December 1, 2022, Pluto TV launched in Canada in partnership with Corus Entertainment, which is handling marketing and Canadian advertising sales. Corus also contributed channels to the service that are drawn from its networks and libraries, such as Global News, Property Brothers, Anna Olson, and Bryan Baeumler.[77][78] The next day, the service added additional Christmas-related channels for the holiday season, as well as More Star Trek, Confess by Nosey, and AMC en Español.[79] On December 15, 2022, Pluto TV launched a new advertising campaign featuring talk show host/actress Drew Barrymore.[80]

On April 11, 2023, Pluto TV launched the Latin-aimed CBS Sports Golazo Network in the United States to take advantage of Paramount Global's worldwide soccer rights, including discussion shows and live games.[81]

On November 1, 2023, Paramount announced that Pluto TV would merge with My5 in the UK, with its full launch date set to be planned for the second half of 2024.[82] Paramount later called off the merger on August 20, 2024, opting to relaunch My5 in 2025 and keep Pluto TV as a separate service.[83] My5 and Channel 5 were both rebranded to simply 5 in that year.

In October 2024, the service announced a new partnership with NBCUniversal Global TV Distribution.[84]

As of December 2024, according to Media Technology Monitor, Pluto TV was the most popular free ad-supported streaming television (FAST) service in Canada.[85]

In April 2025, Pluto TV announced the addition of The Martha Stewart Channel, The Emeril Lagasse Channel, and ALLBLK Gems to its permanent channel lineup.[86]

After the Paramount–Skydance merger was completed on August 7, 2025, CEO David Ellison stated that Pluto TV and Paramount+ (along with Warner Bros. Discovery's streaming service HBO Max if the WBD-Paramount Skydance planned merger goes through) will move to a unified technology stack beginning in 2026.[87][88] While he did not rule out the possibility of consolidating the two or three services into a single app in the future, Ellison has only confirmed the backend integration at this stage.[89]

Programming

[edit]

Pluto TV is structured similarly to the traditional cable television model, offering its content as designated channels categorized by program content type into different channel categories:

Current categories
  • Featured – new channels and special event content;
  • Movies – film channels, consisting of both general-format and genre-based (such as comedy, action, horror) services;
  • Comedy – comedy-based services, consisting of stand-up, sitcom/sketch comedy, and curated viral video channels;[90]
  • Classic TV – channels focused on vintage TV shows and cartoons, mostly comedies;
  • Westerns;
  • Sci-Fi – channels focusing on sci-fi shows (introduced October 2023);
  • Drama – channels focusing on shows in the drama genre (introduced October 2023);
  • True Crime – channels about true crime documentaries (introduced October 2023);
  • Reality – reality and competition shows;
  • Entertainment – varied general and specialty entertainment-based programming;
  • Game Shows – game shows, mostly classic series (introduced in July 2022);[73]
  • Daytime TV – channels focusing on soap operas, along talk, court and lifestyle programs (introduced in July 2022);[73]
  • News + Opinion – mainstream news and opinion channels;
  • Sports – live and previously aired events, sports-themed news and analysis programs;
  • History + Science – channels focusing on historical events and science;
  • Home + Food – channels focusing on lifestyle;
  • Animals + Nature – channels focusing on outdoors and wildlife;
  • Kids – channels aimed at children and young teenagers;
  • Anime – Japanese animation (mostly subbed);
  • En Español – Spanish-language channels;
  • Music Videos – music videos and video concerts (audio-based music channels from Dash Radio were previously among the selections, but they were dropped in July 2020 and replaced by Vevo);[91]
  • Local News – Regional news channels and geolocated stations (including CBS News Local services such as LA and New York)
Seasonal channels
  • Season's Greetings – Pop-up Christmas-themed movie and Yule Log channels that operate from November 1 to December 31; in November 2023, Pluto TV acquired streaming rights to the Chicago Thanksgiving Parade for broadcast on one of the seasonal channels.[92]
Former categories
  • Explore – travel, lifestyle, historical, science and special-interest channels.[73]

As of December 2024, Pluto TV carries approximately 425 channels, packaging content acquired through various content syndication deals, as well as programming from Paramount Skydance's internal libraries. Traditional television channels whose feeds are carried directly on Pluto include WeatherNation TV, Newsmax TV, Dabl (until late 2023 because of OTA channel's ethnically diverse-aimed, comedy-focused transition), Bloomberg Television, Sky News, Ion Television, Professional Bull Riders' RidePass, Eleven Sports (albeit with some events replaced with alternative programming due to streaming rights restrictions), Stadium and TheBlaze.[93] AVOD services whose feeds are carried on Pluto include CBS News 24/7, CBS Sports HQ, ET Live, Fox Sports, Nosey, NBC News Now, Scripps News (short-form Scripps News Briefs are inserted into commercial breaks on other Pluto channels), Cheddar News, TYT Network, People TV and the religious-owned TBN,[94] In addition, Pluto also offers "pop-up channels," which maintain binge-viewing or specialty programming formats that operate on a temporary or open-ended basis.

Availability

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Pluto TV content can be streamed through a number of desk, mobile and internet-connected TV platforms, including: Android and Apple iOS/iPadOS devices, Android TV, Apple TV, Amazon Fire TV, Roku, Cox Contour Stream Player, Vizio SmartCast, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, webOS, Chromecast, Virgin Media and macOS and Windows computers.[95] Pluto-operated channels are also offered through The Roku Channel's live TV section.

In Canada, Pluto TV was available in a limited capacity due to existing program rights held by broadcasters.[96] In June 2022, it was announced that Paramount would partner with Corus Entertainment to relaunch the service locally in late 2022, with Corus serving as ad-sale representative and providing library content to the service.[97][98] Pluto TV was officially relaunched in Canada on December 1, 2022.[99] During the Canadian launch event on December 1, 2022, executive VP and international general manager Olivier Jollet told The Hollywood Reporter that they plan to launch Pluto TV channels in Australia by August 2023 (through Paramount's existing BVOD service 10Play) and are exploring expansion into other European and Asian territories.[100]

See also

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Notes

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
Pluto TV is a (FAST) service that delivers live linear channels alongside on-demand movies and TV shows, accessible via web browsers, mobile apps, smart TVs, and other connected devices. Unlike paid subscription services such as DirecTV Stream, which require a monthly paid subscription with auto-renewal, allow cancellation online through the account or by contacting support with confirmation typically sent, and provide standard billing notifications but no specific cancellation reminder policy, Pluto TV requires no subscription or payment to access content; users may create a free account for personalization, but there is no subscription to cancel and thus no cancellation reminder policy exists. Launched as a pioneer in the FAST model, it emphasizes a traditional TV-like experience with a grid guide, distinguishing it from on-demand-only platforms. Founded in 2013 by entrepreneurs Tom Ryan, Ilya Pozin, and in , , Pluto TV initially targeted cord-cutters seeking affordable entertainment options amid the rise of subscription-based streaming. The service entered public beta in October 2013 and fully launched in the United States in early 2014, starting with a modest lineup of curated channels featuring content, niche programming, and licensed titles. By focusing on ad revenue rather than subscriptions, it quickly gained traction, reaching millions of monthly active users and expanding internationally to regions including , , the , , , , , and other European markets—totaling availability in over 30 countries as of 2025. In January 2019, Viacom announced its acquisition of Pluto TV for $340 million, integrating it into what would become ViacomCBS and later , thereby granting access to vast libraries from , , , and other networks. This deal accelerated its growth, with channel count surpassing 250 by 2020 and partnerships expanding to over 170 content providers, including major studios like Lionsgate, , and . In August 2025, merged with in an $8.4 billion transaction, forming Paramount Skydance and placing Pluto TV under its Direct-to-Consumer division, led by new CEO . As of late 2025, the platform continues to evolve, with ongoing additions of channels—such as recent launches in October bringing it near 300 total offerings—and discussions of potential integration with . Pluto TV's content spans diverse genres, including live news from partners like Bloomberg and , classic movies and series from archives like Paramount's, sports highlights, children's programming via channels, and original FAST channels curated around themes like horror, comedy, and documentaries. Thousands of on-demand titles complement the live slate, all supported by that funds the no-cost model, making it a key player in the competitive streaming landscape with approximately 80 million monthly active users globally as of 2025.

History

Founding and early development (2013–2019)

Pluto TV was founded in 2013 by entrepreneurs Tom Ryan, Ilya Pozin, and in , , with Ryan serving as the initial CEO. The service was conceived as a platform that aggregated online video content into linear channels, mimicking traditional cable TV lineups through a grid-based interface to provide an accessible, no-subscription alternative for viewers. This approach targeted cord-cutters seeking familiar TV experiences without the costs associated with premium streaming services. The platform's beta testing began internally ahead of its public debut, culminating in the full launch on March 31, 2014, when it offered nearly 100 curated channels spanning genres such as , , , and . Early enhancements included the introduction of DVR-like functionality via the myPluto feature in May 2014, enabling users to save unlimited shows from live streams for on-demand playback, rewind, pause, or fast-forward content. Focused exclusively on the U.S. market during this phase, Pluto TV prioritized integrations with popular devices and platforms, including smart TVs from and , , , mobile apps for and Android, and web browsers, to broaden and user engagement. To fuel expansion, Pluto TV secured significant . In 2014, it raised $13 million in Series A led by U.S. Venture Partners, with participation from , Chicago Ventures, Great Oaks , and Luminari Capital. This was followed by a $30 million Series B round in October 2016, spearheaded by and , alongside existing backers. In October 2017, the company obtained an additional $8.3 million, including a $5 million lead investment from Samsung , bringing total to over $50 million and supporting content acquisition and technical improvements. By mid-2017, monthly had reached 6 million, reflecting rapid domestic adoption. Throughout 2013–2019, Pluto TV emphasized U.S.-centric growth, amassing partnerships with a diverse array of content providers to curate its channel lineup. By 2019, these collaborations numbered over 170, enabling the service to offer hundreds of channels with thousands of hours of programming, including licensed movies, TV shows, and original linear feeds. This foundational period established Pluto TV as a pioneer in (FAST), culminating in its acquisition by Viacom in January 2019 for $340 million.

Viacom acquisition and global expansion (2019–present)

On March 4, 2019, Viacom completed its acquisition of Pluto TV for $340 million in cash, marking a significant strategic move to bolster its digital distribution capabilities. This deal integrated the free ad-supported streaming service into Viacom's portfolio, which soon after merged with in December 2019 to form ViacomCBS. Under the new ownership, Pluto TV rapidly expanded its offerings, growing to over 250 linear channels by late 2020 and incorporating branded channels from Viacom properties such as , , , and . These additions leveraged Viacom's extensive content library to enhance viewer engagement and attract advertisers in the evolving streaming landscape. ViacomCBS rebranded to in February 2022, further solidifying Pluto TV's position within a unified focused on streaming innovation. The service achieved notable user growth, reaching 80 million monthly active users worldwide by April 2023, driven by increased trends and expanded content accessibility. In October 2023, Pluto TV introduced original themed channels, including Pluto TV True Crime, which featured dedicated programming on criminal investigations and documentaries to cater to growing audience interests in the genre. Pluto TV's global footprint expanded aggressively post-acquisition, beginning with launches in at the end of March 2020 across 17 countries, offering localized channels in Spanish and . This was followed by further European market penetration, building on initial entries like the in 2019. The service debuted in on December 1, 2022, with over 110 unique channels and more than 20,000 hours of content, marking its most comprehensive international launch to date. In and , Pluto TV integrated into the 10 Play platform on August 31, 2023, rolling out more than 50 FAST channels to local audiences. These expansions diversified Pluto TV's reach beyond the U.S., adapting content to regional preferences while maintaining its free, ad-supported model. Recent corporate developments have continued to shape Pluto TV's trajectory. On August 7, 2025, merged with in an $8.4 billion deal, forming Paramount Skydance Corporation and placing Pluto TV under the new entity's ownership, with as CEO. This merger aims to streamline operations, including a planned full integration of Pluto TV with starting in 2026, creating a unified platform that combines free and premium streaming experiences. These changes position Pluto TV for enhanced synergies across Paramount Skydance's portfolio, supporting ongoing global growth and content innovation.

Programming

Live channel offerings

Pluto TV offers over 300 live linear channels as of November 2025, organized into diverse categories such as , , sports, entertainment, and kids programming. These channels provide a broadcast-style experience with scheduled content available around the clock, simulating traditional without subscription fees. The lineup features themed channels tailored to specific genres and interests, including dedicated streams like Pluto TV Movies for cinematic selections, CBS News 24/7 for continuous news coverage, and Sports Highlights for ongoing athletic recaps. In October 2023, Pluto TV introduced additional genre-specific channels such as Sci-Fi, focusing on science fiction and fantasy content, and Drama, emphasizing narrative series and films. Other examples include Pluto TV Kids for family-friendly animations and Tech News 24/7 for technology updates. Content for these channels is licensed through partnerships with major studios and networks, including Warner Bros., , Lionsgate, and properties. Viacom-owned channels, integrated following the 2019 acquisition, feature reruns from , , , and , with expansions like new BET programming added in 2025. These collaborations enable a broad selection of archived shows, films, and live feeds from partners like and . Pluto TV's channels are curated by human programmers who schedule content to create engaging, thematic lineups, rather than relying solely on algorithms, ensuring 24/7 availability without viewer customization of the live feeds. This approach maintains a fixed, linear broadcast model distinct from on-demand selections. The service has expanded significantly since its 2013 launch with fewer than 20 channels, growing to over 250 by 2020 through licensing deals and acquisitions, with ongoing additions like 13 new channels in October 2025 and 4 new channels in November 2025.

On-demand and original content

Pluto TV maintains a substantial video-on-demand (VOD) exceeding hours of content, encompassing movies, television series, and short clips that users can access anytime without adhering to live schedules. This collection features a diverse array of genres, from classic films and nostalgic TV episodes to contemporary documentaries, enabling flexible viewing experiences. The VOD library draws primarily from licensed partnerships with major studios and distributors, including Lionsgate for library titles like movies and series, AMC Networks for acclaimed programming such as past seasons of The Walking Dead, and Paramount for proprietary content from its extensive archives. A notable collaboration with Crunchyroll has integrated anime offerings, culminating in a 2025 expansion that added over 800 hours of programming, including more than 120 movies and 50 series like Inuyasha: The Final Act and Bleach: Hellverse. In the realm of original and exclusive content, Pluto TV began producing its own programming following the 2019 Viacom acquisition, with the first slate of digital originals announced that year, focusing on short-form series, documentaries, and themed blocks tailored to the platform's ad-supported model. Examples include documentaries featured in channels like Forensic Files marathons and exclusive movie programming curated for pop-up events, such as holiday-themed blocks with titles. These originals emphasize Pluto TV's strategy of creating platform-specific experiences, often leveraging Viacom's intellectual properties for unique presentations unavailable elsewhere. Access to the on-demand library is provided free of charge, funded entirely through advertisements, with content availability subject to rotation based on licensing terms that periodically refresh the catalog. Exclusive elements include selections from Viacom archives, such as classic episodes of Star Trek: The Original Series and Star Trek: The Next Generation. Recent developments have broadened the library's appeal, particularly for younger audiences through expanded integrations, including the launch of a dedicated 90s Kids channel in October 2023 featuring shows like and Hey Arnold!, alongside updated lineups for other children's programming. Internationally, Pluto TV has incorporated localized titles to support global expansion, offering thousands of hours of region-specific content in markets like and . This on-demand selection serves as a complement to the live channels, providing on-demand depth for thematic explorations.

Business and operations

Ownership and corporate structure

Pluto TV operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of Paramount Skydance, the entity formed following the completion of the merger between and on August 7, 2025. This merger integrated Pluto TV into the newly rebranded company's division, which oversees its streaming assets. Historically, Pluto TV functioned as an independent company from its founding in until its acquisition by Viacom in March 2019 for $340 million in cash. Following the merger of Viacom and on December 4, 2019, which created ViacomCBS, Pluto TV was restructured under the new parent entity. The company underwent further reorganization when ViacomCBS rebranded to on February 16, 2022, aligning Pluto TV more closely with Paramount's broader media ecosystem. Pluto TV's corporate headquarters are located in , within the Los Angeles metropolitan area, where it maintains its primary operations. The service is integrated into Paramount Skydance's streaming division, contributing to the parent company's portfolio of offerings. The company was co-founded by Tom Ryan, Ilya Pozin, and , with Ryan serving as its initial CEO and leading the platform through its early growth and post-acquisition phases until his departure as President and CEO of in August 2025, shortly after the Skydance merger. Following Ryan's departure, Cindy Holland succeeded as head of . Following the 2019 Viacom acquisition, leadership transitioned under Paramount executives, including oversight from Chris McCarthy, who served as President and CEO of until his exit in August 2025 following the completion of the merger. Current executive roles within Pluto TV's structure include positions such as Executive Vice President of Content Strategy and Licensing, held by Efrain Miron, reporting into the broader Paramount Skydance leadership. As a (FAST) service, Pluto TV holds a dedicated role in Paramount Skydance's portfolio, complementing subscription-based platforms like Paramount+ by providing accessible, linear-style content to drive user engagement and ad revenue synergies.

Revenue model and partnerships

Pluto TV operates on a (FAST) model, generating revenue primarily through targeted video advertisements without any subscription fees for users. The platform inserts pre-roll, mid-roll, and post-roll ads into its live channels and on-demand content, leveraging viewer data to deliver personalized advertising based on behavior and preferences. The advertising ecosystem relies on programmatic technology and collaborations with ad tech companies to optimize ad placements and maximize yield. For instance, Pluto TV integrates with platforms like to enable automated, data-driven targeting that enhances advertiser reach across connected TV environments. This approach allows for efficient by analyzing viewing patterns to serve relevant ads, contributing to a scalable in the competitive streaming landscape. Key partnerships bolster Pluto TV's content library and distribution footprint. The service has secured licensing agreements with over 170 content providers, including major studios such as and , which supply a diverse range of movies, TV shows, and original programming for its channels. Additionally, distribution deals with device manufacturers like and ensure broad accessibility, integrating Pluto TV seamlessly into smart TVs and streaming devices to expand its audience reach. Pluto TV's business strategies emphasize the FAST model's advantages, using free access to drive massive scale and user engagement while employing cross-promotions to funnel viewers toward premium services. Through integrations like offering free trials of Paramount+ directly within the app, the platform facilitates upselling opportunities, enhancing overall ecosystem value under Paramount Global's ownership. This tactic supports user retention and incremental revenue without compromising the core free-to-view proposition. Pluto TV is a free, ad-supported streaming service with no paid subscription required for access to content. Users can create a free account for personalization, but there is no subscription to cancel, and thus no cancellation reminder policy exists. In contrast, DirecTV Stream is a paid, month-to-month subscription service with no contract. Cancellation can be performed online through your account or by calling support. Upon cancellation, a confirmation is typically sent. There is no specific "cancellation reminder policy" (e.g., advance reminders before processing cancellation or auto-renewal reminders beyond standard billing notifications), but the service auto-renews monthly unless cancelled, and billing notifications are provided. Since its acquisition by Viacom (now ) in 2019, Pluto TV has significantly contributed to the company's streaming revenue growth, with from the platform helping drive overall DTC revenue increases of 17% in the third quarter of 2025. These efforts have positioned Pluto TV as a key driver in Paramount's ad-supported segment, bolstering financial performance amid broader industry shifts.

Availability and technology

Geographic and platform availability

Pluto TV is available in the United States, where it has offered its full service since its initial launch in 2013. The service expanded internationally following the 2019 acquisition by ViacomCBS (now ), enabling broader global reach. In , Pluto TV first launched in the in October 2018 via Now TV and platforms, followed by , , and in December 2018 with localized content. Subsequent expansions included in February 2021, in October 2021, in 2020, and the (Sweden, Norway, ) in May 2022, featuring region-specific channels tailored to local audiences. The service entered in March 2020 across 17 Spanish-speaking countries, offering over 12,000 hours of content in Spanish and , with following later that year. Pluto TV launched in on December 1, 2022, after delays attributed to content rights negotiations, providing more than 110 unique channels distinct from the U.S. library. In , it became accessible in September 2023 through the 10 Play platform, featuring 50 ad-supported channels. As of 2025, availability remains limited in and , with no official launches reported in those regions. Pluto TV enforces geo-blocking to restrict access to licensed regions, though users outside supported areas often employ VPNs to connect via U.S. or other servers. The service supports a wide array of platforms, including web browsers on desktop and mobile devices. Mobile apps are available for free download on Android and iOS devices via Google Play and the Apple App Store. It is compatible with smart TVs from brands such as Samsung, LG, Vizio, and Android TV, as well as streaming devices like Roku, Amazon Fire TV, Apple TV, and Google Chromecast. Specifically on Vizio smart TVs, as of February 2026, Pluto TV content is integrated into Vizio WatchFree+ as live channels branded "BY PLUTO TV" (e.g., Star Trek by Pluto TV, CSI by Pluto TV, CBS News by Pluto TV). The full Pluto TV app is also available on Vizio smart TVs for live channels and on-demand movies/shows. Vizio WatchFree+ offers its own separate on-demand library, but Pluto TV's on-demand is accessible via its dedicated app. Gaming consoles including PlayStation 4/5 and Xbox One/Series X/S also support the app.

Technical features and user experience

Pluto TV's core features center on an (EPG) that enables users to navigate its live linear channels, displaying scheduled programming in an interactive format for easy browsing and selection. The platform also incorporates search functionality to locate specific shows or movies across its catalog and provides personalized recommendations drawn from users' viewing history, such as recently watched content and tailored suggestions in sections like "Movies For You" and "TV For You." These elements facilitate seamless discovery on the (FAST) service. For playback, Pluto TV offers limited controls on live channels, allowing users to pause and rewind within a short buffer period—typically up to minutes on supported devices—without a full cloud DVR system for recording or extended storage. In contrast, on-demand content supports full pausing, rewinding, and fast-forwarding, with access to over 100,000 hours of movies, TV shows, and originals integrated into the library. Ads are embedded non-skippably during playback to maintain the service's free model, appearing at natural breaks in programming. The emphasizes simplicity and accessibility. Users access the Live TV section by selecting "Live TV" at the top of the screen on the app or website (pluto.tv/us/live-tv). Within this section, users can open the Live TV Guide (often via a guide button in the lower right corner) to view channels organized by categories (e.g., Featured, Movies) in a grid format. Channels are displayed by name only (no numbers), showing current airing programs, start times, durations, and "On Later" schedules. Navigation is performed using up/down to move between channels and left/right to scroll through time slots. Users can favorite channels via the heart icon for quick access at the top of the list. A personalized serves as the entry point, highlighting watchlists for saved favorites, trending titles, and algorithm-driven picks based on past activity, with no account required for basic use. This design prioritizes intuitive navigation, though ads interrupt streams without user controls for skipping. Technically, Pluto TV supports high-definition (HD) streaming up to 1080p resolution at bitrates ranging from 3 to 10 Mbps, depending on the content and device, ensuring compatibility with standard internet connections. Adaptive bitrate streaming adjusts video quality dynamically to accommodate varying bandwidth, minimizing buffering on unstable networks. Offline downloads are not available, requiring an active internet connection for all viewing. The service is compatible with major platforms including smart TVs, streaming devices, and mobile apps. Post-2020 updates have focused on enhancing , including a 2023 rollout of the dedicated "" tab for better and content discovery, followed by a 2024 redesign of the on-demand library interface with improved carousels and search refinements for global audiences. Looking ahead, Pluto TV has announced plans for deeper integration with Paramount+ starting in 2026, unifying the platforms on a shared stack to streamline operations and potentially expand feature interoperability.

Reception and impact

User growth and metrics

Pluto TV experienced significant user growth since its early years, driven by its free ad-supported streaming television (FAST) model. By late 2017, the platform had approximately 15 million monthly active users (MAU) globally, reflecting rapid adoption in the U.S. market. This figure expanded to 22.4 million U.S. MAU by the end of 2019, supported by partnerships with device manufacturers like Samsung and expanded content offerings. By April 2023, Pluto TV reached 80 million MAU worldwide, a milestone attributed to sustained domestic penetration and international launches. Last reported at over 80 million MAU in 2023, with no official updates since as Paramount shifted focus to engagement metrics rather than raw user counts. Key growth drivers included the platform's no-cost access, which appealed to cord-cutters and budget-conscious viewers, alongside a surge during the 2020 when stay-at-home orders boosted streaming demand. Domestic MAU rose 61% year-over-year to 26.5 million in Q2 2020 alone, as users sought free entertainment alternatives. International expansions further accelerated growth, with launches in over 30 countries across and adding millions of users; by 2022, non-U.S. markets contributed significantly to the jump from 64 million to 78.5 million global MAU. These efforts positioned Pluto TV as a FAST leader, particularly for live linear channels in the U.S., where it competes with (over 100 million MAU as of June 2025) and Play, though Pluto TV excels in curated live TV experiences. Engagement metrics highlight strong user retention, with algorithm-driven personalized feeds recommending channels based on viewing habits to encourage longer sessions and repeat visits. Average session durations benefit from this curation, though specific times vary; viewers often exceed 10 minutes navigating content, with movie channels accounting for 43% of total viewing time. Channel viewership peaks occur during major events, such as elections or breaking stories, where and current affairs streams see spikes in hours watched, contributing to overall platform consumption records. Post the August 2025 Paramount-Skydance merger, projections indicate continued growth, with potential boosts from 2026 integrations like a unified stack for and to enable user upgrades from free to paid tiers, alongside over $1.5 billion in incremental programming investments announced in November 2025, enhancing performance and cross-promotion to drive higher and user acquisition.

Critical reception and cultural influence

Pluto TV has received mixed , with praise centered on its provision of free access to niche and classic content that evokes traditional linear experiences. Reviewers have highlighted the service's ability to offer a diverse array of themed channels featuring older films, shows, and specialized programming, making it an appealing option for cord-cutters seeking low-commitment viewing. For instance, a 2021 Variety analysis commended Pluto TV for successfully replicating the ad-supported, linear format of past cable TV, thereby providing accessible entertainment without subscription barriers. Similarly, awarded it 3.5 out of 5 stars in 2020, noting its surprising blend of cable-style channels and as a strength for free streaming variety. However, critics have pointed to drawbacks such as frequent advertisements and an outdated that can hinder navigation. A 2023 AdExchanger report criticized the platform's on-demand ad insertion for causing repetitive commercials and ill-timed breaks, which disrupt viewing flow more than in linear channels. PCMag's 3.0 out of 5 rating in its echoed concerns about unpolished interfaces and limited premium offerings, suggesting it serves best as a supplementary service rather than a primary one. These issues have been particularly noted in tech critiques around 2022, where the ad load was seen as excessive compared to emerging competitors. The service has earned recognition for its innovations in (FAST), including multiple nominations and wins at the . It secured the People's Voice Winner in the Best Streaming Service category in 2023 and was nominated again in 2024, acknowledging its contributions to accessible . Industry reports have positioned Pluto TV as a pioneer in the FAST genre, with a 2024 profile crediting its founders for coining the FAST acronym and establishing the model a decade earlier. Pluto TV's cultural influence lies in its democratization of television through 24/7 themed channels, which preserve and revive classic media archives while fostering serendipitous discovery akin to traditional . A 2020 WIRED article described it as delivering nostalgic "drop-in" viewing that eliminates , appealing to audiences missing the unscripted flow of broadcast . This approach has spurred the broader adoption of ad-supported streaming, influencing competitors and contributing to trends by offering viable alternatives to paid services, as noted in a 2023 Vox analysis of FAST platforms. The service has inspired global expansions in the sector, with a 2024 Deadline report highlighting its role in growing the FAST market to over 1,500 channels worldwide. Controversies have been limited, primarily involving minor content rights challenges around its 2022 Canadian market entry amid regulatory hurdles for foreign streamers, though no major legal battles have emerged.

References

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