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Pollock roe

Pollock roe, also pollack roe (also known as tarako in Japanese and myeongnan in Korean), is the roe of Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) which, despite its name, is a species of cod. Salted pollock roe is a popular culinary ingredient in Japanese, Korean and Russian cuisines.

The purely Korean name for pollock, myeongtae can be written with Hanja 明太 (명태), which can be read as mentai in Japanese. But while the Japanese borrowed this name from Korean and called it mentaiko, the term does not retain the original meaning of plain raw roe, but specifically refers the chili pepper-added cured roe, while salt-cured only types are called tarako.

As aforementioned, Alaska pollock in Korean is myeongtae (Korean명태; Hanja明太), hence pollock roe is myeongnan (명란; 明卵), a contracted form of the compound with +ran or +nan (; ) meaning "egg (roe)".

The salted roe dish is called myeongnan-jeot (명란젓), being considered a type of jeot () or jeotgal, which is a category of salted seafood.

In Japanese, (salted) pollock roe is called tarako (鱈子), though it literally means 'cod roe', while true cod roe is distinguished by calling it hontarako. The pollock roe, also known as momijiko, are usually salted and dyed red.

Pollock roe cured with red chili pepper are 明太子 (mentaiko); to put it another way, mentaiko refers to chili-laced versions of tarako, generally speaking, even if not qualified as karashi-mentaiko with the prefix meaning 'chili'.

In Russian, pollock roe is called ikra mintaya (икра минтая). This name is also used to refer to salted roe. The Russian word ikra (икра) means "roe" and mintaya (минтая) is the singular genitive form of mintay (минтай), which means Alaska pollock. This word is derived from its Korean cognate, myeongtae (명태).

Koreans have been enjoying pollock roe since the Joseon era (1392–1897). One of the earliest mentions are from Diary of the Royal Secretariat, where a 1652 entry stated: "The management administration should be strictly interrogated for bringing in pollock roe instead of cod roe." Recipe for salted pollock roe is found in a 19th-century cookbook, Siuijeonseo.

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