1978

1978 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1978; MCMLXXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2731
Armenian calendar	1427; ԹՎ ՌՆԻԷ
Assyrian calendar	6728
Baháʼí calendar	134–135
Balinese saka calendar	1899–1900
Bengali calendar	1384–1385
Berber calendar	2928
British Regnal year	26 Eliz. 2 – 27 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar	2522
Burmese calendar	1340
Byzantine calendar	7486–7487
Chinese calendar	丁巳年 (Fire Snake); 4675 or 4468; — to —; 戊午年 (Earth Horse); 4676 or 4469
Coptic calendar	1694–1695
Discordian calendar	3144
Ethiopian calendar	1970–1971
Hebrew calendar	5738–5739
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	2034–2035
- Shaka Samvat	1899–1900
- Kali Yuga	5078–5079
Holocene calendar	11978
Igbo calendar	978–979
Iranian calendar	1356–1357
Islamic calendar	1398–1399
Japanese calendar	Shōwa 53; (昭和５３年)
Javanese calendar	1909–1910
Juche calendar	67
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar	4311
Minguo calendar	ROC 67; 民國67年
Nanakshahi calendar	510
Thai solar calendar	2521
Tibetan calendar	མེ་མོ་སྦྲུལ་ལོ་; (female Fire-Snake); 2104 or 1723 or 951; — to —; ས་ཕོ་རྟ་ལོ་; (male Earth-Horse); 2105 or 1724 or 952
Unix time	252460800 – 283996799

From left to right, top to bottom:

The Jonestown massacre occurs, leaving 909 people dead
Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182 collides with a private Cessna 172 light aircraft, killing 144 people
Earthquake in Tabas kills around 25,000 people
The Camp David Accords are signed
The 1978 FIFA World Cup is held in Argentina
Aldo Moro is kidnapped and murdered by the Red Brigades
Air India Flight 855 crashes off the coast of Bandra, killing all passengers and crew aboard
The Saur Revolution marks the end of power of the Barakzai dynasty after 152 years
Polish-born archbishop Karol Wojtyła is elected pope following the death of his predecessor, bringing the end to the year of three popes.

1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1978th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 978th year of the 2nd millennium, the 78th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1970s decade.

Events

January

January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.^[1]
January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government).^[2]
January 6 – The Holy Crown of Hungary (also known as Stephen of Hungary Crown) is returned to Hungary from the United States, where it was held since World War II.^[3]
January 10 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, a critic of the Nicaraguan government, is assassinated; riots erupt against Somoza's government.^[4]
January 13 – Former American Vice President Hubert Humphrey, a Democrat, dies of cancer in Waverly, Minnesota, at the age of 66.^[5]
January 18 – The European Court of Human Rights finds the British government guilty of mistreating prisoners in Northern Ireland, but not guilty of torture.^[6]
January 22 – Ethiopia declares the ambassador of West Germany persona non grata.^[7]
January 24
- Soviet satellite Kosmos 954 burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering radioactive debris over Canada's Northwest Territories.^[8]
- Rose Dugdale and Eddie Gallagher become the first convicted prisoners to marry in prison since the establishment of the Republic of Ireland.
January 25 – 27 – The Great Blizzard of 1978 strikes the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes, killing 70.^[9]

February

February 1 – Film director Roman Polanski skips bail in the United States and flees to France, after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl.^[10]
February 5–7 – The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the New England region and the New York metropolitan area, killing about 100, and causing over US$520 million in damage.
February 6 – King Dragon operation in Arakan: Burmese General Ne Win targets Muslim minorities in the village of Sakkipara.
February 8 – United States Senate proceedings are broadcast on radio for the first time.^[11]
February 9 – The Budd Company unveils its first SPV-2000 self-propelled railcar in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.^[12]
February 11
- Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314, a Boeing 737-200, crashes in Cranbrook, British Columbia, killing 44 of the 50 people on board.^[13]
- Somalia mobilizes its troops to deal with an apparent Ethiopian attack.
- The People's Republic of China lifts a ban on works by Aristotle, William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens.^[14]
February 13 – Sydney Hilton Hotel bombing: A bomb explodes outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing a policeman and two civilians, and injuring several other people.
February 15 – Rhodesia, one of only two remaining white-ruled African nations (the other being South Africa), announces that it will accept multiracial democracy within 2 years.
February 19 – Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport: Egyptian Special Forces attempt to rescue several hostages in Larnaca, Cyprus; 20 Egyptian commandos are injured or killed.
February 25 – The first Legislative Assembly election is held in Arunachal Pradesh, India.
February 27 – The first global positioning satellite, the Rockwell International-built Navstar 1, is launched by the United States.^[15]

March

March 1 – Charlie Chaplin's remains are stolen from Cosier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland.^[16]
March 2 – Soyuz 28 (Aleksei Gubarev, Vladimír Remek) is launched on a rendezvous with Salyut 6, with the first cosmonaut from a country other than the US or USSR (Czechoslovakian Vladimír Remek).
March 3
- Ethiopia admits that its troops are fighting with the aid of Cuban soldiers, against Somalian troops in the Ogaden.
- Rhodesia attacks Zambia.
- The New York Post publishes an article about David Rorvik's book The Cloning of Man, about a supposed cloning of a human being.
March 8 – The first radio episode of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams, is transmitted on BBC Radio 4.
March 10 – Soyuz 28 lands.
March 11
- Coastal Road massacre: Palestinian terrorists kill 34 Israelis.
- Claude François, French entertainer born 1939, dies by electrocution in his home in Paris.
March 14 – Operation Litani: Israeli forces invade Lebanon.
March 15 – Somalia and Ethiopia sign a truce to end the Ethio-Somali War.
March 16 – Former Italian Premier Aldo Moro is kidnapped by the Red Brigades; 5 bodyguards are killed.
March 17 – An oil tanker, Amoco Cadiz, runs aground on the coast of Brittany.
March 18
- Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan, is sentenced to death by hanging, for ordering the assassination of a political opponent.
- California Jam II is held at the Ontario Motor Speedway in Ontario, California, attracting more than 300,000 fans.
March 22 – Karl Wallenda of The Flying Wallendas dies, after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
March 26 – The control tower and some other facilities of New Tokyo International Airport, which were scheduled to open on March 31, are illegally occupied and damaged in a terrorist attack by New Left activists, forcing a rescheduling of its opening date to May 20.
March 28
- San Francisco's City Council signs the United States's most comprehensive gay rights bill.
- Stump v. Sparkman (435 U.S. 349): The Supreme Court of the United States hands down a 5–3 decision, in a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.

April

April 1
- New Zealand National Airways Corporation (the domestic airline of New Zealand) is merged with New Zealand's international airline, Air New Zealand.
- Dick Smith of Dick Smith Foods tows a fake iceberg to Sydney Harbour.^[17]
- The Philippine College of Commerce, through a presidential decree, is converted to the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.^[18]
April 2 – Dallas debuts on CBS, and gives birth to the modern day primetime soap opera.^[19]
April 3 – The 50th Academy Awards are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles, with Annie Hall winning Best Picture.^[20]
April 7 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter decides to postpone production of the neutron bomb, a weapon that kills people with radiation, but leaves buildings relatively intact.^[21]
April 9 – Somali military officers stage an unsuccessful coup against the government of Siad Barre; security forces thwart the attempt within hours, and several conspirators are arrested.^[22]
April 14 – 1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations: Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against an attempt by Soviet authorities to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language.^[23]
April 18 – The U.S. Senate votes, 68–32, to turn the Panama Canal over to Panamanian control on December 31, 1999.^[24]
April 18– 30 – The Khmer Rouge massacres 3,157 civilians in Ba Chúc, Vietnam.^[25]
April 20 – A Soviet air defense plane shoots down Korean Air Lines Flight 902; the plane makes an emergency landing on a frozen lake.^[26]
April 22
- Izhar Cohen & the Alphabeta win the Eurovision Song Contest 1978 for Israel with their song A-Ba-Ni-Bi.^[27]
- The One Love Peace Concert is held at National Heroes Stadium in Kingston, Jamaica. Bob Marley unites two opposing political leaders at this concert, bringing peace to the civil war-ridden streets of the city.^[28]
April 25 – St. Paul, Minnesota becomes the second U.S. city to repeal its gay rights ordinance, after Anita Bryant's successful 1977 anti-gay campaign in Miami-Dade County, Florida.
April 27
- Saur Revolution – Afghanistan's president Mohammad Daoud Khan and his family are murdered; Nur Muhammad Taraki succeeds him, beginning the Afghan war which has not ended yet.^[29]
- Willow Island disaster – In the deadliest construction accident in United States history, 51 construction workers are killed when a cooling tower under construction collapses at the Pleasants Power Station in Willow Island, West Virginia.^[30]
April 30 – The "Democratic Republic of Afghanistan" is proclaimed, under pro-communist leader Nur Muhammad Taraki.^[31]

May

May 4
- The Battle of Cassinga occurs in southern Angola.
- Communist activist Henri Curiel is murdered in Paris.
May 8
- Norway opens a natural gas field, in the Polar Sea.
- Reinhold Messner (Italy) and Peter Habeler (Austria) make the first ascent of Mount Everest, without supplemental oxygen.
May 9 – In Rome, the corpse of former Italian prime minister Aldo Moro, is found in a red Renault 4.
May 12 – In Zaire, rebels occupy the city of Kolwezi, the mining centre of the province of Shaba. The Zairean government asks the U.S., France and Belgium to restore order.
May 12–13 – A group of mercenaries, led by Bob Denard, oust Ali Soilih in the Comoros; ten local soldiers are killed. Denard forms a new government.
May 15
- Students of the University of Tehran riot in Tabriz; the army stops the riot.
- First Timezone Opens in Perth, Western Australia
May 17 – Charlie Chaplin's coffin is found some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the cemetery from which it was stolen, near Lake Geneva.^[16]
May 18
- Soviet dissident Yuri Orlov is sentenced to 7 years' hard labor, for distributing 'counterrevolutionary material'.
- Sarajevo is selected to host the 1984 Winter Olympics, and Los Angeles is selected to host the 1984 Summer Olympics.
May 18–19 – Belgian and French paratroopers fly to Zaire, to aid the fight against the rebels.
May 19–20 – French Foreign Legion paratroopers land in Kolwezi, Zaire, to rescue Europeans in the middle of a civil war.
May 20 – Mavis Hutchinson, 53, becomes the first woman to run across the U.S.; her trek took 69 days.
May 22 – Exiled leaders Ahmed Abdallah and Muhammad Ahmad return to the Comoros.
May 23 – American basketball player center Bill Walton of the Portland Trail Blazers was named the National Basketball Association regular season MVP.
May 25
- First Unabomber attack: A bomb explodes in the security section of Northwestern University, wounding a security guard.
- In a rematch of the previous season, the Montreal Canadiens again defeat the Boston Bruins, this time four games to two, to win the Stanley Cup.
May 26 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey, Resorts International, the first legal casino in the eastern United States, opens.
May 28 – Indianapolis 500: Al Unser wins his third race, and the first for car owner Jim Hall.
May 29 – Ali Soilih is found dead in the Comoros, allegedly shot when trying to escape.

June

June 1 – The 1978 FIFA World Cup starts in Argentina.
June 2 – Japan Air Lines 115 had its tail struck on the runway on the airport it landed in. The same aircraft would be involved in a 2nd accident 7 years later
June 10 – Affirmed holds off Alydar to win the Belmont Stakes and becomes the last horse to win the U.S. Triple Crown of Horse Racing until 2015.
June 15 – King Hussein of Jordan marries 26-year-old Lisa Halaby, who takes the name Queen Noor.
June 19
- England cricketer Ian Botham becomes the first man in the history of the game to score a century and take eight wickets in one innings of a Test match.
- Garfield's first comic strip, originally published locally as Jon in 1976, goes into nationwide syndication.^[32]
June 20 – The 6.2 M_w Thessaloniki earthquake shakes Northern Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Fifty people were killed.
June 21
- A shootout between Provisional IRA members and the British Army in Northern Ireland leaves one civilian and three IRA men dead.
- 1978 Iranian Chinook shootdown: Iranian helicopters stray into Soviet airspace and are shot down.
June 22 – Charon, a satellite of Pluto, is discovered.
June 24 – The Gay & Lesbian Solidarity March is held in Sydney, Australia to mark the 9th Anniversary of the Stonewall riots (which later becomes the annual Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras; later incorporating a festival).
June 25
- Argentina defeats the Netherlands 3–1 after extra time to win the 1978 FIFA World Cup.
- The rainbow flag of the LGBT movement flies for the first time (in its original form) at the San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade.
June 26 – A bombing by Breton nationalists causes destruction in the Palace of Versailles.
June 30 – Ethiopia begins a massive offensive in Eritrea.

July

July 1 – Australia's Northern Territory is granted self-government.
July 3 – The Amazon Co-operation Treaty (ACT) is signed.
July 7 – The Solomon Islands become independent from the United Kingdom.
July 11 – At least 217 tourists die in an explosion of a tanker-truck at a campsite in Costa Daurada, Spain.^[33]
July 24 – In Acapulco, Mexico, Margaret Gardiner of South Africa is crowned Miss Universe.
July 25 – Louise Brown, the world's first test tube baby, is born in Oldham, Greater Manchester, UK.^[34]

August

August 6 – Pope Paul VI dies at Castel Gandolfo.
August 12 – The Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China is concluded.
August 17 – Double Eagle II becomes the first balloon to successfully cross the Atlantic Ocean, flying from Presque Isle, Maine, to Miserey, France.
August 22
- Sandinistas seize the Nicaraguan National Palace.
- Kenya's first president and founding father, Jomo Kenyatta dies aged 89 in Mombasa.
August 26 – Pope John Paul I succeeds Pope Paul VI as the 263rd Pope.

September

September 5 – Camp David Accords: Hosted by U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Israel's Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egypt's President Anwar Sadat met at Camp David in Maryland to discuss a peace agreement between the two nations.
September 7 – In London, UK, a poison-filled pellet, supposedly injected using an umbrella, fatally poisons Bulgarian defector Georgi Markov; he dies four days later.
September 8 – Iranian Army troops open fire on rioters in Tehran, killing 122, wounding 4,000.
September 12 – The Declaration of Alma Ata is signed and released in the Capital City of Kazakh, USSR. Known as the core document on Primary Health Care Practices and Equity in Healthcare, it paved the way for the modern-day State-sponsored Healthcare System.
September 16
- The 7.4 M_w Tabas earthquake killed at least 15,000 people in the city of Tabas in Iran. The quake was measured with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent).
- General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq officially assumes the post of President of Pakistan.
September 17 – The Camp David Accords are signed between Israel and Egypt.
September 19
- Police in the West Midlands of England launch a massive murder hunt, when 13-year-old newspaper boy Carl Bridgewater is shot dead after disturbing a burglary.
- The Solomon Islands join the United Nations.^[35]
September 20 – General Rahimuddin Khan assumes the post of martial law Governor of Balochistan.
September 23 – California Angels outfielder Lyman Bostock is shot to death at age 27 while visiting friends in Gary, Indiana during an Angels' road trip in Chicago, Illinois.
September 24 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Otello makes its first appearance on Live from the Met, in a complete production of the opera starring Jon Vickers. This is the first complete television broadcast of the opera in the U.S. since the historic 1948 one.^{[citation needed]}
September 25 – PSA Flight 182, a Boeing 727, collides with a small private airplane and crashes in San Diego, California; 144 are killed.
September 27 – The last Forest Brother guerrilla movement fighter is discovered and killed in Estonia.
September 28 – Pope John Paul I dies after only 33 days as the Roman Catholic Pontiff.
September 30 – Finnair Flight 405 aircraft is hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras in Oulu, Finland.^[36]
September – Attempted poisoning of 500 members of the African National Congress by South African government infiltrators.^[37]
September – Serial criminal Lawrence Singleton commits heinous crime against Mary Vincent.

October

October 1
- Vietnam attacks Cambodia.
- Tuvalu becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
October 2 – Mommie Dearest, written by Christina Crawford that discusses her adoptive mother Joan Crawford's abusive nature, is published. It is the first celebrity tell-all memoir.
October 7 – Wranslide in New South Wales: the Wran government is re-elected with an increased majority.
October 8 – Australia's Ken Warby sets the current world water speed record of 317.6 mph (511.13 km/h) at Blowering Dam, Australia.
October 9 – P.W. Botha succeeds John Vorster as Prime Minister of South Africa.^[38]
October 10
- Daniel arap Moi becomes president of Kenya.
- John Vorster becomes State President of South Africa.^[38]
- A massive short circuit in Seasat's electrical system ends the satellite's scientific mission.
- United States President Jimmy Carter signs a bill that authorizes the minting of the Susan B. Anthony dollar.
October 13 – The Soviet Union launches a major Russification campaign throughout all union republics.
October 14 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs a bill into law which allows homebrewing of beer in the United States.
October 16 – Pope John Paul II succeeds Pope John Paul I as the 264th pope, resulting in the first Year of Three Popes since 1605. He is the first Polish pope in history, and the first non-Italian pope since Pope Adrian VI (1522–1523).
October 18 – Thorbjörn Fälldin steps down as Prime Minister of Sweden, and is succeeded by Ola Ullsten, the Leader of the liberal People's Party ("Folkpartiet").
October 20 – The first Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras is held as a protest march and commemoration of the Stonewall riots.
October 21 – Australian civilian pilot Frederick Valentich vanishes in a Cessna 182 Skylane over the Bass Strait south of Melbourne, after reporting contact with an unidentified aircraft.^[39]
October 27 – Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin win the Nobel Peace Prize for their progress toward achieving a Middle East accord.
October 31 – The South African Railways sets a still unbeaten world rail speed record on Cape gauge.^[40]

November

November 2: 8:00 pm – The Republic of Ireland's second television channel RTÉ 2 goes on air (renamed Network 2, 1988; RTÉ Network Two, 1995; N2, 1997; and RTÉ Two in 2004).
November 3 – Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
November 5 – Indira Gandhi is elected to the Indian parliament for the first time in 20 months after winning a by-election.^[41]
November 18 – In Guyana, Jim Jones leads his Peoples Temple cult in a mass murder–suicide in his commune, Jonestown, that claims 918 lives in all, 909 of them at Jonestown itself, including over 270 children. Representative Leo J. Ryan is assassinated by members of Peoples Temple shortly beforehand.
November 24 – China starts an experimental "household responsibility system", in Anhui Province.
November 26 – Two British commercial divers, Michael Ward and Tony Prangley, die of hypothermia and drowning in the East Shetland Basin after their diving bell plunges to the seabed at a depth of over 100 metres (330 ft).^[42]
November 27 – Moscone-Milk assassinations: San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk are assassinated by disgruntled former Supervisor Dan White.

December

December 4 – Dianne Feinstein succeeds the murdered George Moscone, to become the first woman mayor of San Francisco; she will remain in office until January 8, 1988.
December 6 – The Spanish Constitution officially restores the country's democratic government.^[43]
December 11
- Lufthansa heist: Six men rob a Lufthansa cargo facility in New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport.
- Iranian Revolution: Two million demonstrate against the Shah in Iran.
December 15 – Superman: The Movie is released in cinemas in the United States.
December 16
- Train 87 from Nanjing to Xining collides with train 368 from Xi'an to Xuzhou near Yangzhuang railway station in China, killing 106, injuring 218.
- The Mystery of Mamo is released in cinemas in Japan.
December 19 – Former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi is arrested and jailed for a week for breach of privilege and contempt of parliament.
December 22
- The pivotal Third Plenum of the 11th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party is held in Beijing, with Deng Xiaoping reversing Mao-era policies to pursue a program for Chinese economic reform.
- Chicago serial killer John Wayne Gacy, who was subsequently convicted of the murder of 33 young men and boys committed between 1972 and 1978, is arrested.
- Argentina begins Operation Soberanía against Chile, but Argentinian forces quickly withdraw.
December 25 – Vietnam launches a major offensive against the Khmer Rouge of Cambodia.
December 27 – The Constitution of Spain is approved in a referendum, officially ending 40 years of military dictatorship.

Date unknown

Myriodontium keratinophilum is first isolated in Italy during the screening of soil microbes.^[44]
Synthetic insulin is developed.
Romanian painter Doina Bumbea is abducted by the North Korean government.^[45]
Abortion is legalized in Italy for the first time.
In Seoul, South Korea, construction begins on Seoul Subway Line 2.

Births

Births
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December

January

January 1 – Philip Mulryne, Northern Irish footballer
January 2 – Karina Smirnoff, Ukrainian-American dancer
January 3
- Liya Kebede, Ethiopian model, clothing designer and actress
- Park Sol-mi, South Korean actress
January 4 – Karine Ruby, French snowboarder (d. 2009)
January 5
- Franck Montagny, French Formula One driver
- January Jones, American actress
January 7
- Emilio Palma, Argentine citizen, first human born in Antarctica
- Israel Keyes, American serial killer (d. 2012)^[46]
January 9
- Chad Johnson, American football player^[47]
- AJ McLean, American singer^[48]
- Gennaro Gattuso, Italian football player
January 10 – Kanako Mitsuhashi, Japanese voice actress
January 11 – Emile Heskey, English footballer
January 12 – Hannah Gadsby, Australian comedian
January 13
- Ashmit Patel, Indian actor
- Mohit Sharma Indian Army Officer^[49]
January 14 – Shawn Crawford, American sprinter
January 15
- Eddie Cahill, American actor^[50]
- Franco Pellizotti, Italian cyclist
January 16 – Vijay Sethupathi, Indian actor
January 17
- Susanne Schaper, German politician
- Ricky Wilson, British vocalist (Kaiser Chiefs)
January 18
- Thor Hushovd, Norwegian cyclist
- Katja Kipping, German politician
January 20 – Omar Sy, French actor and comedian
January 24 – Kristen Schaal, American actress, comedian, and writer^[51]
January 25 – Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Ukrainian politician and comedian, President of Ukraine^[52]
January 28
- Gianluigi Buffon, Italian footballer^[53]
- Jamie Carragher, English footballer^[54]
- Papa Bouba Diop, Senegalese footballer (d. 2020)^[55]
- Sheamus, Irish professional wrestler
- Vanessa Villela, Mexican actress

February

February 1 – Karen Martello, Venezuelan singer and television presenter.^[56]
February 2
- Nelson Chamisa, Zimbabwean politician^[57]
- Barry Ferguson, Scottish footballer and coach^[58]
February 3
- Joan Capdevila, Spanish footballer^[59]
- Amal Clooney, British-Lebanese barrister, activist and author^[60]
February 4 – Danna García, Colombian actress and model
February 5
- Brian Russell, American football player
- Samuel Sánchez, Spanish road bicycle racer
February 6
- Danny Buderus, Australian rugby league player
- Olena Zelenska, Ukrainian first lady and former model
- Yael Naim, Israeli-French singer and songwriter
February 7
- Omotola Jalade Ekeinde, Nigerian actress, singer, philanthropist and former model
- Ashton Kutcher, American actor
- Ivan Leko, Croatian football player and coach^[61]
- Daniel Van Buyten, Belgian footballer^[62]
February 10
- Isabella Eklöf, Swedish screenwriter and film director
- Don Omar (stage name for William Omar Landrón Rivera), Puerto Rican American rapper known as the "King of Reggaeton";^[63] in San Juan
February 12
- Gethin Jones, Welsh television presenter
- Silver Meikar, Estonian politician
February 13 – Niklas Bäckström, Finnish hockey player
February 14
- Richard Hamilton, American basketball player
- Danai Gurira, American actress and playwright
- Darius Songaila, Lithuanian basketball player
February 15 – Rafał Romanowski, Polish politician
February 16
- Tia Hellebaut, Belgian athlete
- John Tartaglia, American actor
- Yekaterina Volkova, Russian middle-distance runner
February 19
- Kenyatta Wright, American football player
- Immortal Technique, Peruvian-American rapper
February 20
- Julia Jentsch, German actress
- Ken Takeuchi, Japanese voice actor
February 21
- Kim Ha-neul, South Korean actress
- Kumail Nanjiani, Pakistani-American actor and comedian
- Miki Sakai, Japanese actress
February 22 – Jenny Frost, English singer
February 23 – Dan Snyder, Canadian hockey player (d. 2003)
February 24 – Gary, South Korean musician, entertainer
February 25 – Yuji Nakazawa, Japanese footballer^[64]
February 27 – Kakha Kaladze, Georgian footballer and politician, Mayor of Tbilisi
February 28
- Jeanne Cherhal, French singer-songwriter
- Yasir Hameed, Pakistani cricketer
- Benjamin Raich, Austrian skier

March

March 1
- Jensen Ackles, American actor
- Liya Kebede, Ethiopian model and fashion designer
- Sakura Nogawa, Japanese voice actress
March 2
- Tomáš Kaberle, Czech hockey player
- Sebastian Janikowski, American football player
March 3 – Tanishaa Mukerji, Indian actress
March 4 – Denis Dallan, Italian rugby union footballer
March 6
- Sage Rosenfels, American football player
- Mike Jackson, American politician
March 11
- Didier Drogba, Ivorian footballer
- Ha Jung-woo, South Korean actor and director
March 12
- Neal Obermeyer, American editorial cartoonist
- Claudio Sanchez, American writer and musician
March 13
- Tom Danielson, American cyclist
- Kenny Watson, American football player
March 14
- Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer
- Carl Johan Bergman, Swedish biathlete
- Moon Hee-joon, Korean singer
March 15 – Flavio Furtado, Cape Verdean boxer
March 16
- Matthew Montgomery, American actor
- Brooke Burns, American fashion model and actress
March 17
- Pilar Rubio, Spanish reporter and TV presenter
- Patrick Seitz, American voice actor
March 18
- Fernandão, Brazilian footballer (d.2014)
- Antonio Margarito, Mexican-American boxer
- Yoshie Takeshita, Japanese volleyball player^[65]
March 19 – Lenka, Australian singer and actress^[66]
March 21 – Rani Mukerji, Indian actress
March 22
- Josh Heupel, American football player and coach
- Vanessa Senior, Venezuelan comedian and actress.^[67]
March 23
- Nicholle Tom, American actress
- Perez Hilton, American actor and blogger
March 24 – Tomáš Ujfaluši, Czech footballer^[68]
March 27 – Romesh Ranganathan, English-Pakistani comedian and actor
March 29 – Igor Rakočević, Serbian basketball player

April

April 2 – Nick Berg, American businessman (d. 2004)
April 3
- Matthew Goode, English actor
- Tommy Haas, German tennis player^[69]
- John Smit, South African rugby union player
April 4 – Sam Moran, Australian singer
April 5
- Franziska van Almsick, German swimmer
- Arnaud Tournant, French track cyclist^[70]
April 6
- Tim Hasselbeck, American football player
- Myleene Klass, British singer, pianist, and model
- Martín Méndez, Uruguayan musician and songwriter
- Lauren Ridloff, African-American actress
April 7
- Duncan James, English singer
- Adrienne Haan, German-Luxembourgish actress, singer, writer and producer
April 9
- Jorge Andrade, Portuguese footballer
- Takashi Ohara, Japanese voice actor
- Rachel Stevens, English singer
April 10 – Rokhaya Diallo, French writer and filmmaker
April 12
- Guy Berryman, Scottish musician
- Cheeming Boey, Malaysian artist
- Riley Smith, American actor
April 13
- Kyle Howard, American television and movie actor
- Sylvie Meis, Dutch model and television host^[71]
April 15 – Luis Fonsi, Puerto Rican singer and songwriter
April 16
- Lara Dutta, Indian actress and beauty queen
- Matthew Lloyd, Australian rules footballer
April 17
- Juan Guillermo Castillo, Uruguayan goalkeeper
- Jason White, Scottish rugby union player
April 19
- James Franco, American actor
- Gabriel Heinze, Argentine football player and coach^[72]
April 20
- Matthew Wilkas, American actor, playwright and reality television personality
- Matt Austin, Canadian actor
- Alessandro Rigotti, Italian voice actor
April 21 – Jukka Nevalainen, Finnish drummer
April 23 – Tamara Czartoryski-Borbon, Spanish athlete
April 25 – Duncan Kibet, Kenyan long-distance runner
April 26
- Stana Katic, Canadian-American actress
- Shinnosuke Tachibana, Japanese voice actor
April 29
- Bob and Mike Bryan, American doubles tennis team
- Tyler Labine, Canadian actor

May

May 4 – Daisuke Ono, Japanese voice actor
- Ognjen Jovanić, Croatian chess grandmaster
May 6
- Tony Estanguet, French slalom canoeist
- Aleksandr Fyodorov, Russian bodybuilder
May 8 – Lúcio, Brazilian footballer^[73]
May 10 – Kenan Thompson, African-American actor and comedian^[74]
May 11
- Laetitia Casta, French supermodel and actress
- Judy Ann Santos, Filipino actress
May 12
- Hossein Rezazadeh, Iranian weightlifter
- Jason Biggs, American actor^[75]
- Aya Ishiguro, Japanese singer, writer, and fashion designer
- Malin Åkerman, Swedish-Canadian actress
May 13 – Barry Zito, American baseball player
May 14 – Elisa Togut, Italian volleyball player^[76]
May 15
- Dwayne De Rosario, Canadian soccer player
- Caroline Dhavernas, French-Canadian actress
- Krzysztof Ignaczak, Polish volleyball player
May 16 – Lionel Scaloni, Argentine football coach and former football player^[77]
May 18
- Ricardo Carvalho, Portuguese footballer
- Cindy Parlow Cone, American soccer player
May 19 – Marcus Bent, English footballer ***
May 22
- Katie Price (Jordan), English model and television personality^[78]
- Ginnifer Goodwin, American actress^[79]
May 25 – Adam Gontier, Canadian singer
May 28
- Jake Johnson, American actor and comedian^[80]
- Tomohiko Ito, Japanese footballer
May 29
- Pelle Almqvist, Swedish singer-songwriter
- Sébastien Grosjean, French tennis player^[81]
May 30 – Lyoto Machida, Brazilian mixed martial artist
May 31 – Sara Duterte, 15th Vice President of the Philippines

June

June 1 – Antonietta Di Martino, Italian high-jumper
June 2
- Nikki Cox, American actress^[82]
- Dominic Cooper, English actor
- Justin Long, American actor^[83]
June 4
- Simone Maludrottu, Italian boxer
- Scott Cawthon, video game developer, creator of the Five Nights at Freddy's franchise
June 5 – Nick Kroll, American actor and comedian^[84]
June 6
- Konstantīns Konstantinovs, Latvian powerlifter (d. 2018)
- Mariana Popova, Bulgarian singer
- Judith Barsi, American child actress (d. 1988)
June 7
- Mini Andén, Swedish model
- Bill Hader, American actor and comedian^[85]
June 8
- Maria Menounos, American actress, journalist, and television presenter^[86]
- Eun Ji-won, South Korean rapper and singer^[87]
June 9
- Michaela Conlin, American actress
- Miroslav Klose, German footballer
- Matt Bellamy, British musician and singer
June 10
- Han Hee-won, South Korean golfer
- Subhash Khot, Indian-American mathematician and computer scientist^[88]
- DJ Qualls, American actor, producer, and model^[89]
- Shane West, American actor^[90]
June 11 – Joshua Jackson, Canadian actor
June 13
- Faizal Yusof, Malaysian actor (d. 2011)
- Vishwananda, Hindu guru^[91]
June 14 – Nikola Vujčić, Croatian basketball player and team manager of Maccabi Tel Aviv^[92]
June 15 – Wilfred Bouma, Dutch footballer
June 16 – Daniel Brühl, German actor
June 18 – Tara Platt, American actress and author
June 19
- Mía Maestro, Argentine actress
- Dirk Nowitzki, German basketball player
- Zoe Saldaña, American actress
June 20 – Frank Lampard, English footballer
June 21
- Thomas Blondeau, Belgian writer (d. 2013)
- Ignacio Corleto, Argentine rugby union player
- Erica Durance, Canadian actress
- Jean-Pascal Lacoste, French singer, actor and television host
June 22
- Diederik Boomsma, Dutch politician
- Tim Driesen, Belgian actor and ^[93]
- Dan Wheldon, English racing driver (d. 2011)^[94]
June 23
- Gladys Reyes, Filipino actress
- Frédéric Leclercq, French musician
June 24
- Emppu Vuorinen, Finnish musician
- Juan Román Riquelme, Argentine footballer
- Shunsuke Nakamura, Japanese footballer
June 25
- Aramis Ramírez, Dominican baseball player
- Aftab Shivdasani, Indian actor
June 26
- Daniel Constantin, Romanian politician
- Cristian Lucchetti, Argentine footballer
June 28 – Ha Ji-won, South Korean actress and singer
June 29
- Luke Kirby, Canadian actor
- Nicole Scherzinger, American singer
- Steve Savidan, French footballer

July

July 1
- Aleki Lutui, Tongan rugby player
- Liu Kwok Man, Chinese footballer
- Mark Hunter, British rower
July 2
- Ganesh, Indian actor and television presenter
- Diana Gurtskaya, Georgian singer
- Jüri Ratas, Estonian politician and 18th Prime Minister of Estonia
July 3
- Ian Anthony Dale, American actor
- Jesse Leach, American vocalist
- Mizuki Noguchi, Japanese long-distance runner
July 4 – Becki Newton, American actress
July 5
- Andreas Baum, German politician
- Nandamuri Kalyan Ram, Indian actor and film producer
July 6
- Danil Khalimov, Kazakh Greco-Roman wrestler
- Tia and Tamera Mowry, African-American actresses
July 7
- Chris Andersen, American basketball player
- DJ Manian, German music producer and DJ
July 8 – Erin Morgenstern, American artist and author
July 9
- Mark Medlock, German singer
- Linda Park, Korean-born actress
- Gulnara Samitova-Galkina, Russian middle-distance runner^[95]
July 10
- Ray Kay, Norwegian director and photographer
- Jesse Lacey, American singer-songwriter
July 11
- Kim Kang-woo, South Korean actor
- Mattias Gustafsson, Swedish handball player
July 12
- Topher Grace, American actor
- Michelle Rodriguez, American actress
July 13 – Gary David, Filipino professional basketball player
July 14 – Roger Clark, American actor
July 15
- Matt Mitrione, American mixed martial artist
- Greg Sestero, French-American actor and model
July 16 – Ahmede Hussain, Bangladeshi writer
July 17
- Panda Bear, American musician
- Justine Triet, French film director and screenwriter^[96]
July 18
- Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player
- Virginia Raggi, Italian lawyer, politician
- Joo Sang-wook, South Korean actor
- Vladimir Tintor, Serbian film actor
July 20
- Pavel Datsyuk, Russian ice hockey player
- Tamsyn Manou, Australian athlete
July 21
- Josh Hartnett, American actor
- Kyoko Iwasaki, Japanese swimmer
July 22
- A. J. Cook, Canadian actress
- Kyōko Hasegawa, Japanese model and actress
- Dennis Rommedahl, Danish footballer^[97]
July 23 – Stefanie Sun, Singapore singer
July 25
- Louise Brown, British citizen, first human born through in vitro fertilisation
- Gerard Warren, American football player
July 26
- Jehad Muntasser, Libyan footballer
- Eve Myles, Welsh actress
July 28
- Mine Tugay, Turkish actress^[98]
- Hitomi Yaida, Japanese singer
July 29 – Ayşe Hatun Önal, Turkish singer, actress, model and beauty pageant^[99]
July 31 – Nick Sorensen, American football player and sportscaster
July – Caucher Birkar, born Fereydoun Derakhshani, Kurdish-born mathematician

August

August 3 – Mariusz Jop, Polish football player and coach
August 4 – Kurt Busch, American race car driver
August 5
- Carolina Duer, Argentine boxer
- Harel Levy, Israeli tennis player^[100]
August 6
- Marisa Miller, American supermodel
- Peng Cheng-min, Taiwanese baseball player
August 7
- Alexandre Aja, French director
- Vanness Wu, Taiwanese singer
August 8
- Natsuko Kuwatani, Japanese voice actress
- Louis Saha, French footballer^[101]
August 10 – Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, Indonesian politician and former military officer
August 15
- Jennie Eisenhower, American actress
- Kerri Walsh Jennings, American beach volleyball player
August 17
- Vibeke Stene, Norwegian rock singer
- Jelena Karleuša, Serbian pop singer
August 18 – Andy Samberg, American actor and comedian
August 20 – Noah Bean, American actor
August 21
- Reuben Droughns, American football player
- Alan Lee, Irish footballer
August 22
- Vitaliy Balytskyi, Ukrainian football player and manager (d. 2018)
- James Corden, British comedian and television personality
August 23 – Kobe Bryant, American basketball player (d. 2020)
August 25 – Kel Mitchell, American actor, stand-up comedian, musician, singer, and rapper
August 26 – Amanda Schull, American actress
August 27 – Suranne Jones, English actress
August 28
- Pablo Echenique, Argentine born-Spanish politician
- Kelly Overton, American actress
- Sam Wills, New Zealand comic
August 29 – Danielle Hampton, Canadian actress
August 31
- Ido Pariente, Israeli mixed martial artist
- Jennifer Ramírez Rivero, Venezuelan model and businesswoman (d. 2018)^[102]

September

September 1 – Manju Warrier, Indian actress
September 2 – Tatiana Okupnik, Polish singer and composer
September 3 – Tinkara Kovač, Slovenian singer and musician
September 4
- Wes Bentley, American actor
- Frederik Veuchelen, Belgian cyclist
September 5 – Chris Hipkins, New Zealand Prime Minister
September 6
- Mathew Horne, English actor
- Homare Sawa, Japanese footballer
- Peter van Huffel, Canadian jazz musician
September 7 – Devon Sawa, Canadian actor
September 9 – Gina Gogean, Romania artistic gymnast
September 11
- Ed Reed, American football player
- Ben Lee, Australian singer
- Else-Marthe Sørlie Lybekk, Norwegian handball player
- Dejan Stanković, Serbian football player and coach^[103]
September 12
- Ruben Studdard, American singer
- Ben McKenzie, American actor
September 13 – Megan Henning, American actress
September 14
- Ben Cohen, English rugby union player
- Ron DeSantis, American politician, 46th Governor of Florida
- Carmen Kass, Estonian supermodel
September 15 – Eiður Guðjohnsen, Icelandic football player
September 16 – Stephanie Murphy, American politician^[104]
September 18 – Billy Eichner, American actor and comedian
September 19 – Mariano Puerta, Argentine tennis player^[105]
September 20
- Jason Bay, Canadian baseball player
- Patrizio Buanne, Italian singer
- Sarit Hadad, Israeli pop singer
September 21
- Doug Howlett, New Zealand rugby union player
- Josh Thomson, American mixed martial artist
September 22 – Harry Kewell, Australian footballer
September 23
- Anthony Mackie, American actor
- Worm Miller, American screenwriter, director and actor
- Keri Lynn Pratt, American actress
September 24 – Wietse van Alten, Dutch archer
September 25
- Jodie Kidd, English model
- Rossif Sutherland, Canadian actor
September 27 – Ani Lorak, Ukrainian singer
September 28
- Dane Boedigheimer, American Internet personality^[106]
- Pastora Soler, Spanish singer
September 29 – Kurt Nilsen, Norwegian singer
September 30 – Candice Michelle, American professional wrestler and model
- Daniel Grossberg, American politician^[107]

October

October 1 – Katie Aselton, American actress
October 2 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer
October 3
- Jake Shears, American singer and songwriter
- Claudio Pizarro, Peruvian footballer
- Gerald Asamoah, German footballer
- Christian Coulson, English actor
- Shannyn Sossamon, American actress
October 4
- Dana Davis, American actress
- Mark Day, Canadian actor
- Phillip Glasser, American actor and producer
- Kei Horie, Japanese actor
October 5
- Shane Ryan, Irish Gaelic footballer
- James Valentine, American musician
October 9 – Nicky Byrne, Irish musician (Westlife)
October 10
- Caroline Evers-Swindell, New Zealand sailor^[108]
- Georgina Evers-Swindell, New Zealand sailor^[109]
October 14
- Paul Hunter, English snooker player (d. 2006)
- Usher, American singer and actor
October 15 – Boško Balaban, Croatian footballer
October 17
- Isabel Díaz Ayuso, Spanish politician
- Pablo Iglesias Turrión, Spanish politician
October 20
- Tomohiko Ito, Japanese anime director
- Michael Johns, Australian singer (d. 2014)
- Kira, German singer
- Dionne Quan, American voice actress
- Virender Sehwag, Indian cricketer
October 21 – Joey Harrington, American football player
October 24 – Carlos Edwards, Trinidadian footballer
October 25
- Russell Anderson, Scottish footballer
- Zachary Knighton, American actor
- David T. Little, American composer and drummer
October 26 – CM Punk, American professional wrestler
October 27
- David Walton, American actor
- Vanessa-Mae, Singaporean violinist
October 28
- Byron Donalds, American politician^[110]
- Marta Etura, Spanish actress^[111]
- Justin Guarini, American singer
October 29 – Travis Henry, American football player
October 30 – Matthew Morrison, American actor and singer

November

November 1
- Jessica Valenti, American blogger and writer
- Mary Kate Schellhardt, American actress
November 4 – Shaun Berrigan, Australian rugby league player
November 5
- Bubba Watson, American golfer
- Xavier Tondo, Spanish cyclist (d. 2011)^[112]
November 6
- Nicole Dubuc, American actress and writer
- Taryn Manning, American actress
- Sandrine Blancke, Belgian actress
November 7
- Mohamed Aboutrika, Egyptian footballer^[113]
- Zaheer Khan, Indian cricketer
- Mark Read, English singer (A1)
November 8
- Moses Michael Levi Barrow (born Jamal Michael Barrow), better known by his stage name Shyne, Belizean rapper and politician^[114]
- Ali Karimi, Iranian football player
November 9 – Sisqó, American actor and singer
November 10
- Nadine Angerer, German footballer
- Kyla Cole, Czech model
- Diplo, American DJ and music producer
- Eve, African-American rapper
Destra Garcia, female Trinidadian soca singer
November 12 – Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy, Pakistani journalist, activist and filmmaker
November 13 – Hsu Wei Lun, Taiwanese actress (d. 2007)
November 14
- Bobby Allen, American ice hockey player
- Xavier Nady, American baseball player
November 16 – Santiago Peña, President of Paraguay
November 17
- Rachel McAdams, Canadian actress
- Reggie Wayne, American football player
November 18
- Damien Johnson, Northern Irish footballer
- Aldo Montano, Italian fencer
- Ebru Özkan, Turkish actress^[115]
November 19 – Mahé Drysdale, New Zealand rower^[116]
November 22 – Karen O, American singer-songwriter and musician
November 23 – Destin Daniel Cretton, American film director
November 24 – Katherine Heigl, American actress
November 25 – Shiina Ringo, Japanese singer and musician
November 26 – Jun Fukuyama, Japanese voice actor
November 27
- Mike Skinner, English musician
- Radek Štěpánek, Czech tennis player^[117]
November 30
- Clay Aiken, American singer-songwriter and author
- Gael García Bernal, Mexican actor
- Robert Kirkman, American comic book writer

December

December 1
- Stefan Kapičić, Serbian actor
- Jen Psaki, American television political analyst and former government official
December 2
- Nelly Furtado, Portuguese-Canadian singer and songwriter
- Alo Kõrve, Estonian actor
December 4 – Lars Bystøl, Norwegian ski jumper
December 5
- Neil Druckmann, Israeli-American video game writer and programmer, founder of Naughty Dog
- Olli Jokinen, Finnish ice hockey player
December 7 – Shiri Appleby, American actress
December 8 – Ian Somerhalder, American actor^[118]
- Zainal Arifin Mochtar, Indonesian lecturer, writer, and constitutional law expert
December 9 – Gastón Gaudio, Argentine tennis player
December 10 – Summer Phoenix, American actress
December 11 – Courtney Henggeler, American former actress
December 12 – Monica Bîrlădeanu, Romanian actress
December 14 – Patty Schnyder, Swiss tennis player^[119]
December 16 – Veronica Schneider, Venezuelan actress and model
December 17
- Riteish Deshmukh, Indian actor, architect, producer and entrepreneur
- Manny Pacquiao, Filipino boxer and politician
December 18
- Daniel Cleary, Canadian ice hockey player
- Josh Dallas, American actor
- Katie Holmes, American actress^[120]
December 19 – Patrick Casey, American screenwriter and actor
December 20
- Geremi, Cameroon footballer
- Jacqueline Saburido, Venezuelan-American social activist (d. 2019)
December 21 – Shaun Morgan, South African musician and singer-songwriter
December 22
- Edo Maajka, Bosnian rapper
- Emmanuel Olisadebe, Polish-Nigerian footballer
- Joanne Kelly, Canadian actress
December 23
- Víctor Martínez, Venezuelan baseball player
- Estella Warren, Canadian swimmer, model, and actress
December 24 – Yıldıray Baştürk, Turkish footballer
December 25
- Paula Seling, Romanian singer and radio DJ
- Jeremy Strong, American actor
- Miyuki Takahashi, Japanese volleyball player^[121]
December 26 – Kaoru Sugayama, Japanese volleyball player
December 28
- Feng Kun, Chinese volleyball player^[122]
- John Legend, African-American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor^[123]
December 29
- Alexis Amore, Peruvian actress, dancer, and model
- Angelo Taylor, American athlete
December 30
- Tyrese Gibson, African-American singer, songwriter, rapper, actor, model, and screenwriter
- Inferno, Polish musician
December 31 – Yulia Barsukova, Russian rhythmic gymnast

Deaths

Deaths
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December

January

January 2 – Cyril King, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (b. 1921)
January 6 – Burt Munro, New Zealand motorcycle racer (b. 1899)
January 13 – Hubert Humphrey, 38th Vice President of the United States (b. 1911)
January 14
- Harold Abrahams, British athlete (b. 1899)^[124]
- Kurt Gödel, Austrian-American logician, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1906)
January 22 – Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894)
January 23
- Terry Kath, American rock musician (Chicago) (b. 1946)
- Jack Oakie, American actor (b. 1903)
January 26 – Leo Genn, English actor and barrister (b. 1905)
January 27 – Oscar Homolka, Austrian actor (b. 1898)^[125]
January 29 – Tim McCoy, American actor (b. 1891)
January 30 – Marie-Louise Damien, French actress (b. 1889)

February

February 10 – Redento Maria Gauci, Maltese Carmelite bishop (b. 1920)
February 11
- James B. Conant, American chemist (b. 1893)
- Harry Martinson, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)^[126]
February 15 – Ilka Chase, American actress (b. 1905)^[127]
February 17 – Artemiy Artsikhovsky, Soviet archaeologist and historian (b. 1902)
February 18 – Maggie McNamara, American actress (b. 1928)
February 19 – Pankaj Mullick, Indian composer and singer (b. 1905)
February 20 – Vitorino Nemesio, Portuguese poet and author (b. 1901)^[128]
February 24 – Alma Thomas, African-American painter (b. 1891)
February 28 – Philip Ahn, Korean-American actor (b. 1905)

March

March 1 – Paul Scott, English writer (b. 1920)
March 11 – Claude François, French entertainer (b. 1939)
March 13 – John Cazale, American actor (b. 1935)
March 17
- Eddie Aikau, American lifeguard and surfer (b. 1946)
- Giacomo Violardo, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1898)
March 18 – Peggy Wood, American actress (b. 1892)^[129]
March 19 – Gaston Julia, French mathematician (b. 1893)
March 21 – Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh, Irish barrister, judge and 5th President of Ireland (b. 1911)
March 22 – Isidro Ayora, 22nd President of Ecuador (b. 1879)
March 24 – André Lallemand, French astronomer (b. 1904)
March 31
- Astrid Allwyn, American actress (b. 1905)
- Charles Best, Canadian medical scientist (b. 1899)^[130]

April

April 8 – Lon L. Fuller, American legal philosopher (b. 1902)
April 9 – Vivian McGrath, Australian tennis player (b. 1916)
April 13 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian suffragist and women's rights activist (b. 1900)
April 16
- Lucius D. Clay, American military governor of Germany after World War II (b. 1897)
- Marie Ahnighito Peary, American writer and philanthropist; daughter of Robert Peary (b. 1893)
- Philibert Tsiranana, Malagasy leader and politician, 1st President of Madagascar (b. 1912)
April 21 – Sandy Denny, British singer-songwriter (b. 1947)
April 22 – Will Geer, American actor (b. 1902)
April 27 – John Doeg, American tennis player (b. 1908)

May

May 1 – Aram Khachaturian, Soviet-Armenian composer and conductor (b. 1903)
May 6 – Ethelda Bleibtrey, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1902)
May 8 – Duncan Grant, Scottish painter (b. 1885)
May 9 – Aldo Moro, Italian Christian Democratic politician and statesman, 38th Prime Minister of Italy (assassinated) (b. 1916)
May 13 – Alby Roberts, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1909)
May 15 – Sir Robert Menzies, 12th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894)
May 16 – William Steinberg, German-American conductor (b. 1899)
May 17 – Armin T. Wegner, German human rights activist (b. 1886)
May 18 – Selwyn Lloyd, Baron Selwyn-Lloyd, English politician (b. 1904)
May 20
- Ernest Cadine, French weightlifter, Olympic champion (1920) (b. 1893)^[131]
- P. S. Subrahmanya Sastri, Indian Sanskrit scholar (b. 1890)^[132]
May 22
- Joseph Colombo, American gangster (b. 1923)
- Aubrey Fitch, American admiral (b. 1883)^[133]
May 26
- Tamara Karsavina, Soviet ballerina (b. 1885)
- Jorge Icaza Coronel, Ecuadorean novelist (b. 1906)
May 31
- József Bozsik, Hungarian footballer (b. 1925)
- José Gonzalvo, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1920)

June

June 2 – Santiago Bernabéu, Spanish footballer, player and president of Real Madrid C.F. (b. 1895)
June 4 – Jorge de Sena, Portuguese novelist and poet (b. 1919)
June 7 – Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
June 9 – Prince Nicholas of Romania (b. 1903)^[134]
June 12 – Guo Moruo, Chinese archaeologist, historian, poet, politician, and writer (b. 1892)
June 17 – Robert B. Williams, American actor (b. 1904)
June 20 – Mark Robson, Canadian film director (b. 1913)
June 21 – Luther W. Youngdahl, American politician, Governor of Minnesota from 1947 to 1951, and a United States district judge from 1951 to 1978 (b. 1896)
June 22 – Tom Gorman, Australian rugby league footballer (b. 1901)^[135]
June 24 – Ahmad al-Ghashmi, 4th President of the Yemen Arab Republic (b. 1935)
June 27 – Josette Day, French actress (b. 1914)
June 28 – Clifford Dupont, 1st President of Rhodesia (b. 1905)
June 29 – Bob Crane, American actor, drummer, radio host, and disc jockey (b. 1928)

July

July 1 – Kurt Student, Luftwaffe general and commander of the German airborne forces during World War II. (b. 1890)
July 3 – James Daly, American actor (b. 1918)
July 6 – Pietro Montana, Italian-born American sculptor, painter and teacher (b. 1890)^[136]
July 7 – Francisco Mendes, Guinea-Bissau politician, 1st Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1939)
July 10
- Abd ar-Razzaq an-Naif, 31st Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1934)
- Joe Davis, English snooker and billiards player (b. 1901)^[137]
July 14 – Gaston Ragueneau, French athlete (b. 1881)
July 16 – Howard Estabrook, American actor (b. 1884)
July 17 – Thayer David, American actor (b. 1927)
July 21 – Susana Calandrelli, Argentine writer (b. 1901)^[138]
July 27 – Willem van Otterloo, Dutch conductor, cellist and composer (b. 1907)
July 30 – Umberto Nobile, Italian aviator and explorer (b. 1885)^[139]
July 31 – Prince Rostislav Alexandrovich of Russia (b. 1902)

August

August 2 – Carlos Chávez, Mexican composer (b. 1899)^[140]
August 6
- Pope Paul VI (b. 1897)
- Edward Durell Stone, American architect (b. 1902)
August 9 – James Gould Cozzens, American writer (b. 1903)^[141]
August 19 – Emilio Núñez Portuondo, Cuban diplomat and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Cuba (b. 1898)
August 22
- Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan activist, politician and statesman, 1st Prime Minister of Kenya and 1st President of Kenya (b. c.1897)
- Ignazio Silone, Italian writer and politician (b. 1900)^[142]
August 24 – Louis Prima, Italian-born American singer and actor (b. 1910)
August 25 – George E. Jonas, American philanthropist (b. 1897)
August 26
- Charles Boyer, French actor (b. 1899)
- José Manuel Moreno, Argentine football player (b. 1916)
August 28
- Kofi Abrefa Busia, Ghanese nationalist leader, 2nd Prime Minister of Ghana (b. 1913)
- Bruce Catton, American Civil War historian, Pulitzer Prize winner (b. 1899)^[143]
- Robert Shaw, British actor (b. 1927)^[144]
August 30 – Geertruida Wijsmuller-Meijer, Dutch war hero, resistance fighter and humanitarian (b. 1896)^[145]

September

September 3 – Karin Molander, Swedish actress (b. 1889)
September 4 – Leonora Cohen, British suffragette and trade unionist (b. 1873)
September 6 – Adolf Dassler, German founder of Adidas (b. 1900)
September 7 – Keith Moon, English rock drummer (The Who) (b. 1946)
September 8 – Ricardo Zamora, Spanish footballer (b. 1901)
September 9
- Hugh MacDiarmid, Scottish poet (b. 1892)
- Jack L. Warner, Canadian-American film producer (b. 1892)
September 11
- Valerian Gracias, Indian Roman Catholic archbishop and cardinal (b. 1900)
- Georgi Markov, Bulgarian playwright and writer (b. 1929)
- Ronnie Peterson, Swedish Formula One driver (b. 1944)
- Curtis Shake, American jurist (b. 1887)^[146]
September 12 – Frank Ferguson, American actor (b. 1899)
September 15 – Willy Messerschmitt, German aircraft designer and manufacturer (b. 1898)
September 21 – Peter Vogel, German film actor (b. 1937)
September 24
- Lyman Bostock, American baseball player (b. 1950)
- Hasso von Manteuffel, German army general (b. 1897)
September 26 – Manne Siegbahn, Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)^[147]
September 27
- Sergei Aslamazyan, Soviet composer (b. 1897)
- Dumitru Dămăceanu, Romanian general and politician (b. 1896)^[148]
September 28 – Pope John Paul I (b. 1912)
September 30 – Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)

October

October 1 – Alfredo Obviar, Filipino Roman Catholic bishop and Servant of God (b. 1889)^[149]
October 4 – Roy L. Dennis, American teenager who had craniodiaphyseal dysplasia (b. 1961)
October 8 –
- Karl Swenson, American actor (b. 1908)
- Jim Gilliam, American baseball player (b. 1928)
October 9 – Jacques Brel, Belgian singer (b. 1929)
October 10
- Ralph Metcalfe, American Olympic athlete (b. 1910)
- Hermes Lima, prime minister and foreign minister of Brazil (b. 1902)
October 11 – Ruthven Todd, Scottish poet, artist, and novelist (b. 1914)
October 12 – Nancy Spungen, American groupie and girlfriend of Sid Vicious (b. 1958)
October 15 – W. Eugene Smith, American photojournalist (b. 1918)
October 16 – Dan Dailey, American actor (b. 1915)
October 17 – Giovanni Gronchi, 3rd president of Italy (b. 1887)^[150]
October 19 – Gig Young, American actor (b. 1913)
October 20 – Gunnar Nilsson, Swedish Formula One driver (b. 1948)
October 21 – Anastas Mikoyan, Russian revolutionary and Soviet statesman (b. 1895)
October 28 – Geoffrey Unsworth, British cinematographer (b. 1914)

November

November 4 – Arshad al-Umari, 15th Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1888)
November 8 – Norman Rockwell, American artist (b. 1894)
November 10 – Theo Lingen, German actor (b. 1903)
November 15 – Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (b. 1901)
November 18
- Leo Ryan, American politician (b. 1925)
- Jim Jones, American cult leader (b. 1931)
November 20 – Giorgio de Chirico, Italian painter (b. 1888)
November 24 – Warren Weaver, American scientist and mathematician (b. 1894)
November 27 – George Moscone, American politician and then-mayor of San Francisco (b. 1929)
November 27 – Harvey Milk, American politician and activist (b. 1930)

December

December 3 – William Grant Still, American composer (b. 1895)
December 4 - Goodie Reeve, British born Australian radio host and musician (b. 1897)
December 7 – Alexander Wetmore, American ornithologist and avian palaeontologist (b. 1886)
December 8 – Golda Meir, Israeli teacher, politician and stateswoman, 4th Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1898)^[151]
December 10
- Emilio Portes Gil, Acting president of Mexico, (1928–1930) (b. 1890)^[152]
- Ed Wood, American filmmaker, actor and author (b. 1924)
December 11 – Vincent du Vigneaud, American biochemist (b. 1901)
December 12 – Fay Compton, English actress (b. 1894)
December 14 – Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish diplomat, writer, historian, and pacifist (b. 1886)
December 15 – Chill Wills, American actor (b. 1902)
December 16 – Blanche Calloway, American jazz singer (b. 1902)^[153]
December 17
- Don Ellis, American jazz trumpeter, drummer, composer, and bandleader (b. 1934)
- Josef Frings, German cardinal, Archbishop of Cologne (b. 1887)^[154]
December 27
- Houari Boumédiènne, 2nd President of Algeria (b. 1932)
- Chris Bell, American musician (b. 1951)
December 31 – Nicolau dos Reis Lobato, East Timorese politician, acting President of East Timor (b. 1946)

Nobel Prizes

Physics – Pyotr Kapitsa, Arno Allan Penzias, Robert Woodrow Wilson
Chemistry – Peter D. Mitchell
Medicine – Werner Arber, Daniel Nathans, Hamilton O. Smith
Literature – Isaac Bashevis Singer
Peace – Anwar Sadat and Menachem Begin
Economics – Herbert A. Simon

References

^ Accident description for VT-EBD at the Aviation Safety Network
^ "The World". Los Angeles Times. January 6, 1978. p. I-2.
^ Seeger, Murray (January 7, 1978). "Vance Returns Ancient Crown in Solemn Rites". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
^ "Editor Opposed to Somoza Slain on Nicargua Street". Los Angeles Times. January 11, 1978. p. I-5.
^ Averill, John R. (January 14, 1978). "Humphrey Dies of Cancer at His Home— Leading Proponent of 'Politics of Joy' Slipped Into Coma, 'Suffered No Pain'". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
^ "Britain Ruled Guilty of Prisoner Abuse". Los Angeles Times. January 19, 1978. p. I-4.
^ "The World". Los Angeles Times. January 23, 1978. p. I-2.
^ Toth, Robert C. (January 25, 1978). "Russ Nuclear Satellite Loses Its Orbit, Burns— Disintegrates Over Northwest Canada; No Danger of Radioactive Fallout Seen". Los Angeles Times. p. I-14.
^ "Troops Aid in Saving 1,400 on Ohio Roads; 15-Foot Drifts Strand Motorists in Blizzard; Death Toll Reaches 77". Los Angeles Times. January 28, 1978. p. I-1.
^ "Polanski, Facing Court Sentence, Flies to Europe". The New York Times. AP. February 2, 1978. Page B5, columns 1-2. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
^ "Advice and Consent: The Panama Canal Treaties". archives.gov. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
^ Crouse, Chuck (1990). Budd Car, the RDC Story. Mineola, New York: Weekend Chief Publishing. p. 141. ISBN 0-9612814-2-1.
^ Aviation Safety Database
^ Gabay, Jonathan (2007). Gabay's Copywriters' Compendium: The Definitive Professional Writer's Guide. Routledge. p. 612. ISBN 9780750683203. Retrieved January 18, 2019 – via Google Books.
^ Aldridge, Robert C. (1983). First Strike!: The Pentagon's Strategy for Nuclear War. Boston: South End Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-89608-154-3 – via Google Books.
^ ^a ^b "Yasser Arafat: 10 other people who have been exhumed". BBC. November 27, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
^ Boese, Alex (2015). "The Sydney Iceberg (April Fool's Day - 1978)". The Museum of Hoaxes. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
^ Marcos, Ferdinand E. (1 April 1978). "Presidential Decree No. 1341". PHILIPPINE LAWS, STATUTES and CODES. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
^ Baker, Chris (2 April 2012). "Critique: 'Dallas' Episode 1 – 'Digger's Daughter'". Dallas Decoder. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
^ "1978". Oscars.org. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 5 October 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
^ "BBC ON THIS DAY | 7 April | 1978: Carter delays N-bomb production". BBC. 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
^ "SOMALI REGIME SAYS IT CRUSHED A REVOLT BY MILITARY OFFICERS". The New York Times. 10 April 1978. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
^ Cornell, Svante E. (2002). Autonomy and Conflict: Ethnoterritoriality and Separatism in the South Caucasus – Cases in Georgia. Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Report No. 61 (PDF). Uppsala University. p. 150. ISBN 91-506-1600-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
^ "Milestones: 1977–1980: The Panama Canal and the Torrijos-Carter Treaties". Office of the Historian, Foreign Service Institute, United States Department of State. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
^ Pringle, James (7 January 2004). "MEANWHILE: When the Khmer Rouge came to kill in Vietnam". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ Apple, R. W. Jr. (23 April 1978). "SOUTH KOREAN PLANE PLUNGED 30,000 FEET AFTER BEING FIRED ON". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
^ "Paris 1978". Eurovision Song Contest. EBU. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
^ Griffith, Pat (May 1978). "Marley meets Manley as "One Love" triumphs". Black Echoes. p. 12. Archived from the original on 8 September 2005. Retrieved 28 August 2021 – via Dance Crasher.
^ "The Afghan Civil War (1978–Present)". Historyguy.com.
^ Peterson, Iver (28 April 1978). "51 Killed in Collapse of Scaffold At Power Plant in West Virginia". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
^ Johnson, Thomas H.; Adamec, Ludwig W. (2021). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Historical dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East (Fifth ed.). Lanham, Boulder, New York, London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. xlv. ISBN 9781538149294. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
^ "Garfield | comic strip by Davis | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-06-17.
^ Chernov, Dmitry; Sornette, Didier (3 December 2019). Critical Risks of Different Economic Sectors: Based on the Analysis of More Than 500 Incidents, Accidents and Disasters. Springer Nature. p. 170. ISBN 978-3-030-25034-8.
^ Hutchinson, Martin (July 24, 2003). "I helped deliver Louise". BBC News.
^ United Nations Department of Public Information (31 December 2015). Yearbook of the United Nations 2011. United Nations. p. 1462. ISBN 978-92-1-057510-2.
^ Puintila, Lauri (2010). Kaappari Lamminparras: Suomen ensimmäisen konekaappauksen tarina (in Finnish). WSOY. ISBN 978-951-0-35501-5.
^ African National Congress (1985). "The ANC's second submission to the TRC: Operations Report – 2.2. June 1976". Kabwe. Archived from the original on October 7, 2014. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
^ ^a ^b A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Heads of State: 1961–1994, Archontology.org; accessed April 14, 2017.
^ Nickell, Joe (November 2013). "The Valentich Disappearance: Another UFO Cold Case Solved". Volume 37.6, November/December 2013. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Retrieved 14 March 2014.
^ Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 128–29. ISBN 0869772112.
^ "Mrs. Gandhi, in Comeback, Wins Seat in Parliament". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 8, 1978. p. I-5.
^ Limbrick, Jim (2001). North Sea Divers – a Requiem. Hertford: Authors OnLine. pp. 157–58. ISBN 0-7552-0036-5.
^ "Spain starts a new post-Franco era - archive, 1978". The Guardian. 1 June 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
^ Samson, Robert; Polonelli, Luciano (1978). "Myriodontium keratinophilum". Persoonia. 9: 505–509.
^ "N. Korea kidnap victim's brother wants Pyongyang to come clean". Bangkok Post. 17 March 2014.
^ "Israel Keyes: A Calculating and Cruel American Serial Killer". Biography. 2024-01-31. Retrieved 2025-07-24.
^ "Chad Johnson Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
^ Netter, Matt (January 1999). Backstreet Boys * Aaron Carter. New York: Pocket Books. pp. 46–47. ISBN 978-0-671-03539-6.
^ "Mohit Sharma, SM". Archived from the original on 2018-03-22. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
^ Trongo, Rachel (January 15, 2013). "Happy Birthday, Eddie Cahill!". CSI Files. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved October 26, 2019.
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^ "Liverpool career stats for Jamie Carragher - LFChistory - Stats galore for Liverpool FC!". www.lfchistory.net.
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[ASN-1] Accident description for VT-EBD at the Aviation Safety Network

[2] "The World". Los Angeles Times. January 6, 1978. p. I-2.

[3] Seeger, Murray (January 7, 1978). "Vance Returns Ancient Crown in Solemn Rites". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.

[4] "Editor Opposed to Somoza Slain on Nicargua Street". Los Angeles Times. January 11, 1978. p. I-5.

[5] Averill, John R. (January 14, 1978). "Humphrey Dies of Cancer at His Home— Leading Proponent of 'Politics of Joy' Slipped Into Coma, 'Suffered No Pain'". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.

[6] "Britain Ruled Guilty of Prisoner Abuse". Los Angeles Times. January 19, 1978. p. I-4.

[7] "The World". Los Angeles Times. January 23, 1978. p. I-2.

[8] Toth, Robert C. (January 25, 1978). "Russ Nuclear Satellite Loses Its Orbit, Burns— Disintegrates Over Northwest Canada; No Danger of Radioactive Fallout Seen". Los Angeles Times. p. I-14.

[9] "Troops Aid in Saving 1,400 on Ohio Roads; 15-Foot Drifts Strand Motorists in Blizzard; Death Toll Reaches 77". Los Angeles Times. January 28, 1978. p. I-1.

[10] "Polanski, Facing Court Sentence, Flies to Europe". The New York Times. AP. February 2, 1978. Page B5, columns 1-2. Retrieved 24 April 2024.

[11] "Advice and Consent: The Panama Canal Treaties". archives.gov. Retrieved June 16, 2018.

[12] Crouse, Chuck (1990). Budd Car, the RDC Story. Mineola, New York: Weekend Chief Publishing. p. 141. ISBN 0-9612814-2-1.

[13] Aviation Safety Database

[14] Gabay, Jonathan (2007). Gabay's Copywriters' Compendium: The Definitive Professional Writer's Guide. Routledge. p. 612. ISBN 9780750683203. Retrieved January 18, 2019 – via Google Books.

[15] Aldridge, Robert C. (1983). First Strike!: The Pentagon's Strategy for Nuclear War. Boston: South End Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-89608-154-3 – via Google Books.

[ArafatBBC-16] "Yasser Arafat: 10 other people who have been exhumed". BBC. November 27, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2012.

[17] Boese, Alex (2015). "The Sydney Iceberg (April Fool's Day - 1978)". The Museum of Hoaxes. Retrieved 22 August 2021.

[18] Marcos, Ferdinand E. (1 April 1978). "Presidential Decree No. 1341". PHILIPPINE LAWS, STATUTES and CODES. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved 22 August 2021.

[19] Baker, Chris (2 April 2012). "Critique: 'Dallas' Episode 1 – 'Digger's Daughter'". Dallas Decoder. Retrieved 22 August 2021.

[20] "1978". Oscars.org. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 5 October 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2021.

[21] "BBC ON THIS DAY | 7 April | 1978: Carter delays N-bomb production". BBC. 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2021.

[22] "SOMALI REGIME SAYS IT CRUSHED A REVOLT BY MILITARY OFFICERS". The New York Times. 10 April 1978. Retrieved 18 August 2021.

[23] Cornell, Svante E. (2002). Autonomy and Conflict: Ethnoterritoriality and Separatism in the South Caucasus – Cases in Georgia. Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Report No. 61 (PDF). Uppsala University. p. 150. ISBN 91-506-1600-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2021.

[24] "Milestones: 1977–1980: The Panama Canal and the Torrijos-Carter Treaties". Office of the Historian, Foreign Service Institute, United States Department of State. Retrieved 28 August 2021.

[25] Pringle, James (7 January 2004). "MEANWHILE: When the Khmer Rouge came to kill in Vietnam". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 March 2024.

[26] Apple, R. W. Jr. (23 April 1978). "SOUTH KOREAN PLANE PLUNGED 30,000 FEET AFTER BEING FIRED ON". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

[27] "Paris 1978". Eurovision Song Contest. EBU. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

[28] Griffith, Pat (May 1978). "Marley meets Manley as "One Love" triumphs". Black Echoes. p. 12. Archived from the original on 8 September 2005. Retrieved 28 August 2021 – via Dance Crasher.

[29] "The Afghan Civil War (1978–Present)". Historyguy.com.

[30] Peterson, Iver (28 April 1978). "51 Killed in Collapse of Scaffold At Power Plant in West Virginia". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved 3 September 2021.

[31] Johnson, Thomas H.; Adamec, Ludwig W. (2021). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Historical dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East (Fifth ed.). Lanham, Boulder, New York, London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. xlv. ISBN 9781538149294. Retrieved 25 August 2021.

[32] "Garfield | comic strip by Davis | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-06-17.

[33] Chernov, Dmitry; Sornette, Didier (3 December 2019). Critical Risks of Different Economic Sectors: Based on the Analysis of More Than 500 Incidents, Accidents and Disasters. Springer Nature. p. 170. ISBN 978-3-030-25034-8.

[34] Hutchinson, Martin (July 24, 2003). "I helped deliver Louise". BBC News.

[35] United Nations Department of Public Information (31 December 2015). Yearbook of the United Nations 2011. United Nations. p. 1462. ISBN 978-92-1-057510-2.

[36] Puintila, Lauri (2010). Kaappari Lamminparras: Suomen ensimmäisen konekaappauksen tarina (in Finnish). WSOY. ISBN 978-951-0-35501-5.

[37] African National Congress (1985). "The ANC's second submission to the TRC: Operations Report – 2.2. June 1976". Kabwe. Archived from the original on October 7, 2014. Retrieved May 7, 2017.

[RSA-38] A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Heads of State: 1961–1994, Archontology.org; accessed April 14, 2017.

[CSICOP-39] Nickell, Joe (November 2013). "The Valentich Disappearance: Another UFO Cold Case Solved". Volume 37.6, November/December 2013. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Retrieved 14 March 2014.

[Paxton-Bourne-40] Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 128–29. ISBN 0869772112.

[41] "Mrs. Gandhi, in Comeback, Wins Seat in Parliament". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 8, 1978. p. I-5.

[Limbrick-42] Limbrick, Jim (2001). North Sea Divers – a Requiem. Hertford: Authors OnLine. pp. 157–58. ISBN 0-7552-0036-5.

[43] "Spain starts a new post-Franco era - archive, 1978". The Guardian. 1 June 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2022.

[samson1978-44] Samson, Robert; Polonelli, Luciano (1978). "Myriodontium keratinophilum". Persoonia. 9: 505–509.

[45] "N. Korea kidnap victim's brother wants Pyongyang to come clean". Bangkok Post. 17 March 2014.

[46] "Israel Keyes: A Calculating and Cruel American Serial Killer". Biography. 2024-01-31. Retrieved 2025-07-24.

[47] "Chad Johnson Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved 2024-06-15.

[48] Netter, Matt (January 1999). Backstreet Boys * Aaron Carter. New York: Pocket Books. pp. 46–47. ISBN 978-0-671-03539-6.

[49] "Mohit Sharma, SM". Archived from the original on 2018-03-22. Retrieved 22 March 2018.

[50] Trongo, Rachel (January 15, 2013). "Happy Birthday, Eddie Cahill!". CSI Files. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved October 26, 2019.

[51] Patterson, John (October 15, 2010). "Kristen Schaal: The toast of American comedy". The Guardian. Archived from the original on August 22, 2015. Retrieved June 6, 2013.

[52] Andrew L. Urban; Chris McLeod (2022). Zelensky: The Unlikely Ukrainian Hero Who Defied Putin and United the World. Regnery Publishing. p. 94. ISBN 9781684513789.

[53] "Convocazioni e presenze in campo". Federazione Italiana Giuoco Calcio. August 5, 2020.

[54] "Liverpool career stats for Jamie Carragher - LFChistory - Stats galore for Liverpool FC!". www.lfchistory.net.

[55] 1978 at National-Football-Teams.com

[56] "Briografia" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-09-22.

[57] "Nelson Chamisa". Movement for Democratic Change Online. Movement for Democratic Change. Archived from the original on 19 November 2005. Retrieved 1 April 2007.

[58] "Barry Ferguson". Scottish FA. Retrieved 24 October 2020.

[59] "Capdevila". bdfutbol.com.

[People-40thBday-2018-60] Russian, Ale (5 February 2018). "Amal's Big 40! George Clooney Celebrates Wife's Birthday on 24-Hour Getaway". People.

[61] "Leko, Ivan". national-football-teams.com.

[62] "Daniel van Buyten". soccerbase.com.

[63] Moser, John J. (22 June 2018). "Don Omar, one of Latin music's biggest stars, to play Sands Bethlehem Event Center". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 24 August 2023.

[64] "Nakazawa, Yūji". national-football-teams.com.

[65] "Yoshie Takeshita". Olympedia.

[66] "Lenka". allmusic.com.

[67] Rodríguez, Nill (8 July 2016). "Vanessa Senior: Las personas que me catalogan de vulgar son más groseras que yo". acn.com.ve/. Archived from the original on 12 September 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2016.

[68] "Ujfaluši". bdfutbol.com.

[69] "Tommy Haas". atptour.com. Association of Tennis Professionals.

[70] "Athlete Biography: Arnaud Tournant". Archived from the original on 2008-09-02. Retrieved 2023-06-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

[71] "Sylvie Meis: Mann, Hochzeit, Alter, Größe". focus.de.

[72] "Gabriel Heinze". soccerbase.com.

[73] "Lúcio". worldfootball.net. 29 January 2020.

[74] "Kenan Thompson". TV Guide. Archived from the original on July 27, 2016.

[75] "Monitor". Entertainment Weekly. No. 1207. May 18, 2012. p. 29.

[76] "ITA / Italy - Player's biography". fivb.org.

[77] "L. Scaloni". soccerway.com. Soccer Way.

[78] "KATRINA AMY ALEXANDRA ALEXIS PRICE". www.thegazette.co.uk. Retrieved 17 September 2020.

[79] "Ginnifer Goodwin". TV Guide. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2014.

[80] "Jake Johnson - Biography". IMDb. Retrieved 2024-03-25.

[81] "Sebastien Grosjean". Association of Tennis Professionals.

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Authority control databases
National	United States Israel
Other	Yale LUX

Gregorian calendar	1978 MCMLXXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2731
Armenian calendar	1427 ԹՎ ՌՆԻԷ
Assyrian calendar	6728
Baháʼí calendar	134–135
Balinese saka calendar	1899–1900
Bengali calendar	1384–1385
Berber calendar	2928
British Regnal year	26 Eliz. 2 – 27 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar	2522
Burmese calendar	1340
Byzantine calendar	7486–7487
Chinese calendar	丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 4675 or 4468 — to — 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 4676 or 4469
Coptic calendar	1694–1695
Discordian calendar	3144
Ethiopian calendar	1970–1971
Hebrew calendar	5738–5739
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	2034–2035
- Shaka Samvat	1899–1900
- Kali Yuga	5078–5079
Holocene calendar	11978
Igbo calendar	978–979
Iranian calendar	1356–1357
Islamic calendar	1398–1399
Japanese calendar	Shōwa 53 (昭和５３年)
Javanese calendar	1909–1910
Juche calendar	67
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar	4311
Minguo calendar	ROC 67 民國67年
Nanakshahi calendar	510
Thai solar calendar	2521
Tibetan calendar	མེ་མོ་སྦྲུལ་ལོ་ (female Fire-Snake) 2104 or 1723 or 951 — to — ས་ཕོ་རྟ་ལོ་ (male Earth-Horse) 2105 or 1724 or 952
Unix time	252460800 – 283996799

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